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The glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist reduces inflammation and blood-brain barrier breakdown in an astrocyte-dependent manner in experimental stroke
44/44 checkable references clean · checked 2026-07-23
Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.
2 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.
The 44 checked references that resolve
resolves10.1161/STROKEAHA.110.608257
Blood–Brain Barrier Breakdown in Acute and Chronic Cerebrovascular Disease
resolves10.1002/glia.20049
Reversible disruption of tight junction complexes in the rat blood‐brain barrier, following transitory focal astrocyte loss
resolves10.1007/s00429-013-0632-5
Extracellular signal-regulated kinase1/2-dependent changes in tight junctions after ischemic preconditioning contributes to tolerance induction after ischemic stroke
resolves10.1016/j.neuint.2008.12.002
A new blood–brain barrier model using primary rat brain endothelial cells, pericytes and astrocytes
resolves10.3389/fphar.2012.00120
Astrocytes as a Source for Extracellular Matrix Molecules and Cytokines
resolves10.1182/blood-2012-02-412726
Neutralization of the IL-17 axis diminishes neutrophil invasion and protects from ischemic stroke
resolves10.1172/JCI60842
Astrocyte-derived VEGF-A drives blood-brain barrier disruption in CNS inflammatory disease
resolves10.1172/JCI9369
VEGF enhances angiogenesis and promotes blood-brain barrier leakage in the ischemic brain
resolves10.1016/j.neuint.2011.05.013
Oxygen–glucose deprivation increases the enzymatic activity and the microvesicle-mediated release of ectonucleotidases in the cells composing the blood–brain barrier
resolves10.3389/fncel.2014.00352
The pivotal role of astrocytes in an in vitro stroke model of the blood-brain barrier
resolves10.1161/01.STR.0000226923.48905.39
Reduction of Tissue Plasminogen Activator-Induced Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 by Simvastatin in Astrocytes
resolves10.1097/01.WCB.0000071885.63724.20
Overexpression of Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein 1 in the Brain Exacerbates Ischemic Brain Injury and is Associated with Recruitment of Inflammatory Cells
resolves10.1371/journal.pone.0025863
Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1-Deficiency Impairs the Expression of IL-6, IL-1β and G-CSF after Transient Focal Ischemia in Mice
resolves10.1371/journal.pone.0120074
Preservation of the Blood Brain Barrier and Cortical Neuronal Tissue by Liraglutide, a Long Acting Glucagon-Like-1 Analogue, after Experimental Traumatic Brain Injury
resolves10.1007/s12031-015-0696-1
Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Strengthens the Barrier Integrity in Primary Cultures of Rat Brain Endothelial Cells Under Basal and Hyperglycemia Conditions
resolves10.1186/s12974-016-0661-0
The glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist exendin-4 ameliorates warfarin-associated hemorrhagic transformation after cerebral ischemia
resolves10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3579-15.2016
Astrocytes Regulate GLP-1 Receptor-Mediated Effects on Energy Balance
resolves10.1007/s12035-017-0771-4
Conditioned Medium of Human Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cells Increases Wound Closure and Protects Human Astrocytes Following Scratch Assay In Vitro
resolves10.1161/01.STR.20.1.84
Reversible middle cerebral artery occlusion without craniectomy in rats.
resolves10.1186/s12974-016-0610-y
Anti-inflammatory effect of cholera toxin B subunit in experimental stroke
resolves10.1093/brain/awf257
Hypoxia-induced vascular endothelial growth factor expression causes vascular leakage in the brain
resolves10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.09.040
Assessment of HBEC-5i endothelial cell line cultivated in astrocyte conditioned medium as a human blood-brain barrier model for ABC drug transport studies
resolves10.1186/2045-8118-12-4
Differential responses of blood-brain barrier associated cells to hypoxia and ischemia: a comparative study
resolves10.1016/j.pneurobio.2015.09.008
Astrocytes, therapeutic targets for neuroprotection and neurorestoration in ischemic stroke
resolves10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.09.025
Exendin-4 improved rat cortical neuron survival under oxygen/glucose deprivation through PKA pathway
resolves10.1038/jcbfm.2012.133
Liraglutide, a Long-Acting GLP-1 Mimetic, and its Metabolite Attenuate Inflammation after Intracerebral Hemorrhage
resolves10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1799-17.2017
Autocrine Interleukin-10 Mediates Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor-Induced Spinal Microglial β-Endorphin Expression
resolves10.1371/journal.pone.0103114
Exendin-4 Reduces Ischemic Brain Injury in Normal and Aged Type 2 Diabetic Mice and Promotes Microglial M2 Polarization
resolves10.1186/1742-2094-10-51
Different actions of endothelin-1 on chemokine production in rat cultured astrocytes: reduction of CX3CL1/fractalkine and an increase in CCL2/MCP-1 and CXCL1/CINC-1
resolves10.1159/000443040
Astrocyte-Derived CCL2 is Associated with M1 Activation and Recruitment of Cultured Microglial Cells
resolves10.1038/380435a0
Abnormal blood vessel development and lethality in embryos lacking a single VEGF allele
resolves10.1111/jnc.12611
Ischemic neurons activate astrocytes to disrupt endothelial barrier via increasing VEGF expression
resolves10.1523/JNEUROSCI.21-19-07724.2001
Effects of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Gene Knock-Out on the Proteolysis of Blood–Brain Barrier and White Matter Components after Cerebral Ischemia
resolves10.1038/aps.2017.126
Carnosine suppresses oxygen-glucose deprivation/recovery-induced proliferation and migration of reactive astrocytes of rats in vitro
resolves10.1038/sj.jcbfm.9600354
Astrocytic Induction of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 and Edema in Brain Hemorrhage
resolves10.1038/378785a0
Inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3 by insulin mediated by protein kinase B
resolves10.1146/annurev-physiol-021113-170315
Glucagon-Like Peptide-1: Glucose Homeostasis and Beyond
resolves10.1080/15384101.2017.1301330
High salt-induced activation and expression of inflammatory cytokines in cultured astrocytes
resolves10.4049/jimmunol.1300514
JAK2-STAT3 Blockade by AG490 Suppresses Autoimmune Arthritis in Mice via Reciprocal Regulation of Regulatory T Cells and Th17 Cells
The 2 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedMărgăritescu O, Pirici D, Mărgăritescu C. VEGF expression in human brain tissue after acute ischemic stroke. Rom J Morphol Embryol. 2011;52:1283–92.
no DOI — not checkedMitsuyama K, Matsumoto S, Masuda J, Yamasakii H, Kuwaki K, Takedatsu H, Sata M. Therapeutic strategies for targeting the IL-6/STAT3 cytokine signaling pathway in inflammatory bowel disease. Anticancer Res. 2007;27:3749–56.
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