Reference health
Phylogenetic Relationships of Whiptail Lizards of the Genus Cnemidophorus (Squamata: Teiidae): A Test of Monophyly, Reevaluation of Karyotypic Evolution, and Review of Hybrid Origins
365%3C0001%3Aprowlo%3E2.0.co%3B2/badge.svg){kind=icon}
2 of 60 checkable references need attention · checked 2026-07-22
At the dated check, the references listed below either did not resolve in Crossref or DataCite, or carried a retraction notice. Each one is shown with the registry record that put it there.
44 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.
References needing attention
does not resolve to a known work10.2307/2413690
does not resolve to a known work10.2307/2413525
The 58 checked references that resolve
resolves10.1139/cjz-78-6-895
Genetic homogeneity based on skin histocompatibility and the evolution and systematics of parthenogenetic <i>Cnemidophorus laredoensis</i> (Sauria: Teiidae)
resolves10.2307/2413675
Mitochondrial DNA Sequence Divergence and Phylogenetic Relationships among Eight Chromosome Races of the Sceloporus grammicus Complex (Phrynosomatidae) in Central Mexico
resolves10.1080/03946975.1991.10539489
A unisexual species of<i>Teius</i>Merrem 1820 (Sauria Teiidae) from central Argentina
resolves10.1126/science.424751
Mitochondrial DNA Analyses and the Origin and Relative Age of Parthenogenetic Lizards (Genus
<i>Cnemidophorus</i>
)
resolves10.5479/si.03629236.154.1
A study of the teiid lizards of the genus Cnemidophorus, with special reference to their phylogenetic relationships
resolves10.1146/annurev.es.15.110184.002441
The Application of Electrophoretic Data in Systematic Studies
resolves10.1111/j.1096-0031.1993.tb00214.x
PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIPS AMONG PAPER WASP SOCIAL PARASITES AND THEIR HOSTS (HYMENOPTERA: VESPIDAE; POLISTINAE)
resolves10.1093/oxfordjournals.jhered.a109224
Chromosome inheritance in parthenogenetic lizards and evolution of allopolyploidy in reptiles
resolves10.2307/2413692
Is Congruence Between Data Partitions a Reliable Predictor of Phylogenetic Accuracy? Empirically Testing an Iterative Procedure for Choosing Among Phylogenetic Methods
resolves10.2307/2409578
Mitochondrial-DNA Analyses and the Origin and Relative Age of Parthenogenetic Lizards (Genus cnemidophorus). IV. Nine Sexlineatus-Group Unisexuals
resolves10.2307/2409576
Mitochondrial-DNA Analyses and the Origin and Relative Age of Parthenogenetic Lizards (Genus Cnemidophorus). II. C. neomexicanus and the C. tesselatus Complex
resolves10.1093/oxfordjournals.jhered.a110176
Clonal inheritance in parthenogenetic whiptail lizards: biochemical evidence
resolves10.1206/0003-0090(2000)246<0001:HAWWLC>2.0.CO;2
HYBRIDIZATION AMONG WESTERN WHIPTAIL LIZARDS (CNEMIDOPHORUS TIGRIS) IN SOUTHWESTERN NEW MEXICO:POPULATION GENETICS, MORPHOLOGY, AND ECOLOGY INTHREE CONTACT ZONES
resolves10.1006/mpev.1996.0086
Rapid Screening of DNA Diversity Using Dot-Blot Technology and Allele-Specific Oligonucleotides: Maternity of Hybrids and Unisexual Clones of Hybrid Origin (Lizards,Cnemidophorus)
resolves10.2307/2992277
The Taxonomy of Uniparental Species, with Special Reference to Parthenogenetic Cnemidophorus (Squamata: Teiidae)
resolves10.1006/mpev.1993.1015
Alignment-Ambiguous Nucleotide Sites and the Exclusion of Systematic Data
resolves10.1007/BF01946485
Allozymes and the hybrid origin of the parthenogenetic lizardCnemidophorus exsanguis
resolves10.2307/2992540
An Empirical Test of Bootstrapping as a Method for Assessing Confidence in Phylogenetic Analysis
resolves10.1006/mpev.1998.0591
Origin of the Unisexual LizardGymnophthalmus underwoodi(Gymnophthalmidae) Inferred from Mitochondrial DNA Nucleotide Sequences
resolves10.1006/mpev.1995.1028
Use of rRNA Secondary Structure in Phylogenetic Studies to Identify Homologous Positions: An Example of Alignment and Data Presentation from the Frogs
resolves10.1111/j.1463-6409.1997.tb00424.x
Sophisticated falsification and research cycles: Consequences for differential character weighting in phylogenetic systematics
resolves10.1111/j.1096-0031.1997.tb00242.x
Testability and the Refutation and Corroboration of Cladistic Hypotheses
resolves10.1111/j.1095-8312.1998.tb01148.x
Convergent evolution and character correlation in burrowing reptiles: towards a resolution of squamate relationships
resolves10.2307/2412449
Natural Hybridization Between the Teiid Lizards Cnemidophorus sonorae (Parthenogenetic) and Cnemidophorus tigris (Bisexual)
resolves10.2307/2409577
Mitochondrial-DNA Analyses and the Origin and Relative Age of Parthenogenetic Lizards (Genus Cnemidophorus). III. C. velox and C. exsanguis
resolves10.2307/2409813
Mitochondrial DNA Analyses and the Origin and Relative Age of Parthenogenetic Cnemidophorus: Phylogenetic Constraints on Hybrid Origins
resolves10.1093/genetics/84.4.791
THE ORGANIZATION OF GENETIC DIVERSITY IN THE PARTHENOGENETIC LIZARD <i>CNEMIDOPHORUS TESSELATUS</i>
resolves10.2307/1562742
Tongue Structure of the Teiid Lizard Genera Ameiva and Cnemidophorus with a Reallocation of Ameiva vanzoi
resolves10.1073/pnas.94.18.9740
Character displacement in some
<i>Cnemidophorus</i>
lizards revisited: A phylogenetic analysis
resolves10.1006/mpev.1995.1020
Phylogenetic Relationships among Phrynosomatid Lizards as Inferred from Mitochondrial Ribosomal DNA Sequences: Substitutional Bias and Information Content of Transitions Relative to Transversions
resolves10.2307/1466980
Evolution of the Lizard Family Phrynosomatidae as Inferred from Diverse Types of Data
resolves10.2307/2412375
Chromosomes and Systematics of the Baja California Whiptail Lizards Cnemidophorus hyperythrus and C. ceralbensis (Reptilia: Teiidae)
resolves10.2307/2409554
The Evolutionary History of Parthenogenetic Cnemidophorus lemniscatus (Sauria, Teiidae). I. Evidence for a Hybrid Origin
resolves10.1016/0025-5564(87)90074-5
Reconstructing ancestral character states under Wagner parsimony
resolves10.1206/0003-0082(2001)345<0001:NHBTTL>2.0.CO;2
Natural Hybridization Between the Teiid Lizards Cnemidophorus tesselatus (Parthenogenetic) and C. tigris marmoratus (Bisexual): Assessment of Evolutionary Alternatives
resolves10.1093/nar/22.22.4673
CLUSTAL W: improving the sensitivity of progressive multiple sequence alignment through sequence weighting, position-specific gap penalties and weight matrix choice
resolves10.1006/mpev.1996.0057
Molecular Homology Assessment and Phylogeny in the Lizard Family Opluridae (Squamata: Iguania)
resolves10.5962/bhl.part.14767
Leposoma percarinatum, a unisexual species related to L. guianense; and Leposoma ioanna, a new species from Pacific Coastal Colombia (Sauria, Teiidae)
resolves10.2307/1564017
Hybrids of Two Parthenogenetic Clonal Complexes and a Gonochoristic Species of Cnemidophorus, and the Relationship of Hybridization to Habitat Characteristics
resolves10.2307/2423598
Geographical Variation in the Teiid Lizard Cnemidophorus hyperythrus. I. The caeruleus-like Subspecies
resolves10.1159/000132274
Nucleolar dominance in diploid and triploid parthogenetic lizards of hybrid origin
resolves10.2307/1467007
Phylogeny of the Spiny Lizards (Sceloporus) Based on Molecular and Morphological Evidence
resolves10.2307/2640448
Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution of Sexual Dichromatism among Populations of the Yarrow's Spiny Lizard (Sceloporus jarrovii)
resolves10.2307/2413599
Maximum Likelihood Trees from DNA Sequences: A Peculiar Statistical Estimation Problem
resolves10.1159/000133985
Chromosome banding patterns in the unisexual microteiid Gymnophthalmus underwoodi and in two related sibling species (Gymnophthalmidae, Sauria)
The 44 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedT. C Sde Avila-Pires, 1995 .Lizards of Brazilian Amazonia (Reptilia: Squamata)., Zoologische Verhandelingen (Leiden), 299 :1 –706 .
no DOI — not checkedR. L. Bezy, and J. W. Sites .1987 .A preliminary study of allozyme evolution in the lizard family Xantusiidae., Herpetologica, 43 :280 –292 .
no DOI — not checkedJ. W. Bickham, C. O. McKinney, and M. F. Matthews .1976 .1977.Karyotypes of the parthenogenetic whiptail lizard Cnemidophorus laredoensis and its presumed parental species (Sauria: Teiidae)., Herpetologica, 32 :395 –399 .
no DOI — not checkedC. J. Cole, 1970 .Karyotypes and evolution of the spinosus group of lizards in the genus Sceloporus., American Museum Novitates, 2431 :1 –47 .
no DOI — not checkedC. J. Cole, and H. C. Dessauer .1993 .Unisexual and bisexual whiptail lizards of the Cnemidophorus lemniscatus complex (Squamata: Teiidae) of the Guiana Region, South America, with descriptions of new species., American Museum Novitates, 3081 :1 –30 .
no DOI — not checkedC. J. Cole, H. C. Dessauer, and G. F. Barrowclough .1988 .Hybrid origin of a unisexual species of whiptail lizard, Cnemidophorus neomexicanus, in western North America: new evidence and a review., American Museum Novitates, 2905 :1 –38 .
no DOI — not checkedC. J. Cole, H. C. Dessauer, and A. L. Markezich .1993 .Missing link found: the second ancestor of Gymnophthalmus underwoodi (Squamata: Teiidae), a South American unisexual lizard of hybrid origin., American Museum Novitates, 3055 :1 –13 .
no DOI — not checkedC. J. Cole, H. C. Dessauer, and C. R. Townsend .1983 .Isozymes reveal hybrid origin of neotropical unisexual lizards., Isozyme Bulletin, 16:74 .
no DOI — not checkedC. J. Cole, H. C. Dessauer, C. R. Townsend, and M. G. Arnold .1990 .Unisexual lizards of the genus Gymnophthalmus (Reptilia: Teiidae) in the Neotropics: genetics, origin, and systematics., American Museum Novitates, 2994 :1 –29 .
no DOI — not checkedC. J. Cole, H. C. Dessauer, C. R. Townsend, and M. G. Arnold .1995 .Kentropyx borckiana (Squamata: Teiidae): a unisexual lizard of hybrid origin in the Guiana Region, South America., American Museum Novitates, 3145 :1 –23 .
no DOI — not checkedC. J. Cole, C. H. Lowe, and J. W. Wright .1969 .Sex chromosomes in teiid whiptail lizards (genus Cnemidophorus)., American Museum Novitates, 2395 :1 –14 .
no DOI — not checkedC. J. Cole, C. J. McCoy, and F. Achaval .1979 .Karyotype of a South American teiid lizard, Cnemidophorus lacertoides., American Museum Novitates, 2671 :1 –5 .
no DOI — not checkedE. D. Cope, 1870 .Seventh contribution to the herpetology of tropical America., Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, 11 :147 –169 .
no DOI — not checkedJ. E. Cordes, J. M. Walker, and R. M. Abuhteba .1990 .Genetic homogeneity in geographically remote populations of parthenogenetic Cnemidophorus neomexicanus (Sauria: Teiidae)., Texas Journal of Science, 42 :303 –305 .
no DOI — not checkedO. Cuellar, and J. W. Wright .1992 .Isogenicity in the unisexual lizard Cnemidophorus velox., Comptes Rendus de la Societe de Biogeographie, 68 :157 –160 .
no DOI — not checkedI. S. Darevsky, 1992 .Evolution and ecology of parthenogenesis in reptiles.InK. Adler (editor), Herpetology: current research on the biology of amphibians and reptiles.Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles Contributions in Herpetology, 9 :21 –39 .
no DOI — not checkedI. S. Darevsky, L. A. Kupriyanova, and T. Uzzell .1985 .Parthenogenesis in reptiles.InC. Gans and F. Billett (editors),Biology of the Reptilia, 15 :411 –526 .New York: Wiley.
no DOI — not checkedW. H O. De Smett, 1981 .Description of the orcein stained karyotypes of 36 lizard species (Lacertilia, Reptilia) belonging to the families Teiidae, Scincidae, Lacertidae, Cordylidae and Varanidae (Autarchoglossa)., Acta Zoologica et Pathologica Antverpiensia, 76 :73 –118 .
no DOI — not checkedH. C. Dessauer, and C. J. Cole .1989 .Diversity between and within nominal forms of unisexual teiid lizards.InR.M. Dawley and J.P. Bogart (editors), Evolution and ecology of unisexual vertebrates.New York State Museum Bulletin, 466 :49 –71 .
no DOI — not checkedW. E. Duellman, and R. G. Zweifel .1962 .A synopsis of the lizards of the sexlineatus group (genus Cnemidophorus)., Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 123 :155 –210 .
no DOI — not checkedA. E. Dunham, D. B. Miles, and D. N. Reznick .1988 .Life history patterns in squamate reptiles.InC. Gans and R.B. Huey (editors),Biology of the Reptilia, 16 :441 –522 .New York: Alan R. Liss.
no DOI — not checkedA. C. Echternacht, 1971 .Middle American lizards of the genus Ameiva (Teiidae) with emphasis on geographic variation., University of Kansas Museum of Natural History Miscellaneous Publications, 55 :1 –86 .
no DOI — not checkedD. S. Gallagher, and J. R. Dixon .1992 .Taxonomic revision of the South American lizard genus Kentropyx Spix (Sauria: Teiidae)., Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali Bollettino (Torino), 10 :125 –171 .
no DOI — not checkedL. L. Grismer, 1999 .Phylogeny, taxonomy, and biogeography of Cnemidophorus hyperythrus and C. ceralbensis (Squamata: Teiidae) in Baja California, Mexico., Herpetologica, 55 :28 –42 .
no DOI — not checkedO. Hernandez-Gallegos, N. Manriquez-Moran, F. R. Mendez, M. Villagran, and O. Cuellar .1998 .Histocompatibility in parthenogenetic lizards of the Cnemidophorus cozumela complex from the Yucatan Peninsula of Mexico., Biogeographica, 74 :117 –124 .
no DOI — not checkedA. Hernando, 1994 .Cariotipo y region organizadora del nucleolo en Teius teyou (Daudin, 1802) (Squamata: Teiidae)., Cuadernos de Herpetologia, 8 :87 –89 .
no DOI — not checkedA. L. Markezich, C. J. Cole, and H. C. Dessauer .1997 .The blue and green whiptail lizards (Squamata: Teiidae: Cnemidophorus) of the Peninsula de Paraguana, Venezuela: systematics, ecology, descriptions of two new taxa, and relationships to the whiptails of the Guianas., American Museum Novitates, 3207 :1 –60 .
no DOI — not checkedT. P. Maslin, and D. M. Secoy .1986 .A checklist of the lizard genus Cnemidophorus (Teiidae)., University of Colorado Museum Contributions in Zoology, 1 :1 –60 .
no DOI — not checkedC. O. McKinney, F. R. Kay, and R. A. Anderson .1973 .A new all-female species of the genus Cnemidophorus., Herpetologica, 29 :361 –366 .
no DOI — not checkedC. Moritz, W. M. Brown, L. D. Densmore, J. W. Wright, D. Vyas, S. Donnellan, M. Adams, and P. Baverstock .1989a .Genetic diversity and the dynamics of hybrid parthenogenesis in Cnemidophorus (Teiidae) and Heteronotia (Gekkonidae).InR.M. Dawley and J.P. Bogart (editors), Evolution and ecology of unisexual vertebrates.New York State Museum Bulletin, 466 :87 –112 .
no DOI — not checkedC. Moritz, J. W. Wright, V. Singh, and W. M. Brown .1992b .Mitochondrial DNA analyses and the origin and relative age of parthenogenetic Cnemidophorus. V. The cozumela species group., Herpetologica, 48 :417 –424 .
no DOI — not checkedW. B. Neaves, 1971 .Tetraploidy in a hybrid lizard of the genus Cnemidophorus (Teiidae)., Breviora, 381 :1 –25 .
no DOI — not checkedE. D. Parker, and R. K. Selander .1984 .Low clonal diversity in the parthenogenetic lizard Cnemidophorus neomexicanus (Sauria: Teiidae)., Herpetologica, 40 :245 –252 .
no DOI — not checkedE. D. Parker, J. M. Walker, and M. A. Paulissen .1989 .Clonal diversity in Cnemidophorus: ecological and morphological consequences.InR.M. Dawley and J.P. Bogart (editors), Evolution and ecology of unisexual vertebrates.New York State Museum Bulletin, 466 :72 –86 .
no DOI — not checkedD. Paull, E. E. Williams, and W. P. Hall .1976 .Lizard karyotypes of the Galapagos Islands: chromosomes in phylogeny and evolution., Breviora, 441 :1 –31 .
no DOI — not checkedW. Presch, 1974 .Evolutionary relationships and biogeography of the macroteiid lizards (family Teiidae, subfamily Teiinae)., Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences, 73 :23 –32 .
no DOI — not checkedC. F D. Rocha, H. G. Bergallo, and D. Peccinini-Seale .1997 .Evidence of an unisexual population for the Brazilian whiptail lizard genus Cnemidophorus (Teiidae), with description of a new species., Herpetologica, 53 :374 –382 .
no DOI — not checkedJ. W. Sites, J. W. Archie, C. J. Cole, and O. F. Villela .1992 .A review of phylogenetic hypotheses for lizards of the genus Sceloporus (Phrynosomatidae): implications for ecological and evolutionary studies., Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 213 :1 –110 .
no DOI — not checkedS. E. Trauth, 1992 .A new subspecies of six-lined racerunner, Cnemidophorus sexlineatus (Sauria, Teiidae), from southern Texas., Texas Journal of Science, 44 :437 –443 .
no DOI — not checkedP. E. Vanzolini, and J. Valencia .1965 .1966.The genus Dracaena, with a brief consideration of macroteiid relationships (Sauria, Teiidae)., Arquivos de Zoologia, 13 :7 –35 .
no DOI — not checkedJ. M. Walker, J. E. Cordes, and H. L. Taylor .1997 .Parthenogenetic Cnemidophorus tesselatus complex (Sauria: Teiidae): a neotype for diploid C. tesselatus (Say, 1823), redescription of the taxon, and description of a new triploid species., Herpetologica, 53 :233 –259 .
no DOI — not checkedJ. W. Wright, and C. H. Lowe .1993 .Synopsis of the subspecies of the little striped whiptail lizard, Cnemidophorus inornatus Baird., Journal of the Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 27:129 –157 .
no DOI — not checkedJ. W. Wright, C. Spolsky, and W. M. Brown .1983 .The origin of the parthenogenetic lizard Cnemidophorus laredoensis inferred from mitochondrial DNA analysis., Herpetologica, 39 :410 –416 .
no DOI — not checkedR. G. Zweifel, 1965 .Variation in and distribution of the unisexual lizard Cnemidophorus tesselatus., American Museum Novitates, 2235 :1 –35 .
What this badge says. CiteStamped means the CHECKABLE references of this
work were clean at the dated check: each resolved to a known work in a public registry, and none
carried a retraction notice at that time. It says nothing about the quality, findings,
or importance of the work itself, and nothing about references deposited without a DOI.
checked 2026-07-22 — re-checked daily as this page is visited; titles and statuses come from Crossref and DataCite and are not part of the signed record
Embed this badge
Both snippets point at the live badge image and link back to this page. The badge re-renders from the daily check, so an embed never goes stale by more than a day of visits.
<a href="https://citestamp.com/citestamped/10.1206/0003-0082(2002)365%3C0001%3Aprowlo%3E2.0.co%3B2"><img src="https://citestamp.com/citestamped/10.1206/0003-0082(2002)365%3C0001%3Aprowlo%3E2.0.co%3B2/badge.svg" alt="CiteStamped reference-health badge" width="460" height="64"></a>
[365%3C0001%3Aprowlo%3E2.0.co%3B2/badge.svg)](https://citestamp.com/citestamped/10.1206/0003-0082(2002)365%3C0001%3Aprowlo%3E2.0.co%3B2)