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Increased cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of the chemokine CXCL13 in active MS
38/38 checkable references clean · checked 2026-07-23
Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.
3 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.
The 38 checked references that resolve
resolves10.1002/ana.21363
Rituximab in relapsing‐remitting multiple sclerosis: A 72‐week, open‐label, phase I trial
resolves10.1056/NEJMoa0706383
B-Cell Depletion with Rituximab in Relapsing–Remitting Multiple Sclerosis
resolves10.1038/nm1714
Matching of oligoclonal immunoglobulin transcriptomes and proteomes of cerebrospinal fluid in multiple sclerosis
resolves10.1002/ana.410270207
Antimyelin basic protein and antimyelin antibody‐producing cells in multiple sclerosis
resolves10.1002/eji.200737784
Clonally expanded plasma cells in the cerebrospinal fluid of MS patients produce myelin‐specific antibodies
resolves10.1038/5532
Identification of autoantibodies associated with myelin damage in multiple sclerosis
resolves10.1002/1531-8249(200006)47:6<707::AID-ANA3>3.0.CO;2-Q
Heterogeneity of multiple sclerosis lesions: Implications for the pathogenesis of demyelination
resolves10.1002/ana.410430409
Multiple sclerosis: In situ evidence for antibody‐ and complement‐mediated demyelination
resolves10.1016/j.clim.2008.05.002
Impact of myelin-specific antigen presenting B cells on T cell activation in multiple sclerosis
resolves10.1016/S0165-5728(97)00261-0
Costimulatory CD80 (B7-1) and CD86 (B7-2) on cerebrospinal fluid cells in multiple sclerosis
resolves10.1016/S0165-5728(96)00234-2
Increased expression of B7-1 costimulatory molecule on cerebrospinal fluid cells of patients with multiple sclerosis and infectious central nervous system disease
resolves10.4049/jimmunol.178.10.6092
Distinct Effector Cytokine Profiles of Memory and Naive Human B Cell Subsets and Implication in Multiple Sclerosis
resolves10.1016/S0165-5728(01)00453-2
Chemokine receptor expression on B cells and effect of interferon-β in multiple sclerosis
resolves10.1093/brain/awh680
Chemokines in multiple sclerosis: CXCL12 and CXCL13 up-regulation is differentially linked to CNS immune cell recruitment
resolves10.1371/journal.pone.0002559
Cerebrospinal Fluid B Cells Correlate with Early Brain Inflammation in Multiple Sclerosis
resolves10.1212/WNL.51.2.529
Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study of oral, high-dose methylprednisolone in attacks of MS
resolves10.1212/WNL.52.7.1479
A randomized, controlled trial of oral high-dose methylprednisolone in acute optic neuritis
resolves10.1046/j.1468-1331.2000.00074.x
Immunological effects of oral high‐dose methylprednisolone in acute optic neuritis and multiple sclerosis
resolves10.1111/j.1468-1331.2009.02532.x
The effects of natalizumab on inflammatory mediators in multiple sclerosis: prospects for treatment‐sensitive biomarkers
resolves10.1177/1352458507087136
Increased IL-10 mRNA and IL-23 mRNA expression in multiple sclerosis: interferon-β treatment increases IL-10 mRNA expression while reducing IL-23 mRNA expression
resolves10.1006/cyto.2001.0923
HUMAN B CELL-ATTRACTING CHEMOKINE 1 (BCA-1; CXCL13) IS AN AGONIST FOR THE HUMAN CXCR3 RECEPTOR
resolves10.1212/01.wnl.0000327671.91357.96
Natalizumab disproportionately increases circulating pre-B and B cells in multiple sclerosis
resolves10.1002/ana.20858
Immune surveillance in multiple sclerosis patients treated with natalizumab
resolves10.1002/(SICI)1521-4141(199906)29:06<2037::AID-IMMU2037>3.0.CO;2-V
Switch in chemokine receptor expression upon TCR stimulation reveals novel homing potential for recently activated T cells
resolves10.1084/jem.192.11.1553
Cxc Chemokine Receptor 5 Expression Defines Follicular Homing T Cells with B Cell Helper Function
resolves10.1016/j.clim.2007.11.015
HIV-1 induced decrease of nitric oxide production and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression during in vivo and in vitro infection
resolves10.1016/S0165-5728(02)00441-1
Secondary lymphoid organ chemokines are elevated in the cerebrospinal fluid during central nervous system inflammation
resolves10.4049/jimmunol.177.11.8053
CXCL12 Limits Inflammation by Localizing Mononuclear Infiltrates to the Perivascular Space during Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
resolves10.1084/jem.20080730
CXCL12 (SDF-1α) suppresses ongoing experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by selecting antigen-specific regulatory T cells
resolves10.1093/brain/awn354
Differential immune cell dynamics in the CNS cause CD4+ T cell compartmentalization
resolves10.2353/ajpath.2008.070918
Pathological Expression of CXCL12 at the Blood-Brain Barrier Correlates with Severity of Multiple Sclerosis
resolves10.4049/jimmunol.176.12.7676
CXC Chemokine Ligand 13 Plays a Role in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
resolves10.1016/j.jneuroim.2003.10.056
Intracerebral expression of CXCL13 and BAFF is accompanied by formation of lymphoid follicle-like structures in the meninges of mice with relapsing experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
resolves10.1093/brain/awm038
Meningeal B-cell follicles in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis associate with early onset of disease and severe cortical pathology
resolves10.1093/brain/awp070
The relation between inflammation and neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis brains
resolves10.1016/S0165-5728(02)00464-2
Nitric oxide metabolite determinations reveal continuous inflammation in multiple sclerosis
resolves10.1212/01.wnl.0000171349.06645.79
The chemokine CXCL13 (BLC): A putative diagnostic marker for neuroborreliosis
The 3 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedGenc K, Dona DL, Reder AT. Increased CD80(+) B cells in active multiple sclerosis and reversal by interferon beta-1b therapy. J Clin Invest 1997;99:2664–2671.
no DOI — not checkedRansohoff RM, Kivisakk P, Kidd G. Three or more routes for leukocyte migration into the central nervous system. Nat Rev Immunol 2003;3:569–581.
no DOI — not checkedMoll NM, Cossoy MB, Fisher E, et al. Imaging correlates of leukocyte accumulation and CXCR4/CXCL12 in multiple sclerosis. Arch Neurol 2009;66:44–53.
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