Reference health
Non-pharmaceutical interventions during COVID-19 in the UK and Spain: a rapid realist review
2 of 45 checkable references need attention · checked 2026-07-23
At the dated check, the references listed below either did not resolve in Crossref or DataCite, or carried a retraction notice. Each one is shown with the registry record that put it there.
54 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.
References needing attention
does not resolve to a known work10.2307/1161993
does not resolve to a known work10.7758/9781610446792
The 43 checked references that resolve
resolves10.1186/s12889-021-12114-8
The “anti-vax” movement: a quantitative report on vaccine beliefs and knowledge across social media
resolves10.1016/S2352-4642(21)00066-3
Children and young people remain at low risk of COVID-19 mortality
resolves10.1186/s12916-018-1057-z
When complexity science meets implementation science: a theoretical and empirical analysis of systems change
resolves10.3389/fpsyg.2020.606180
Uses and Perceptions of Music in Times of COVID-19: A Spanish Population Survey
resolves10.1177/08982643211003794
Fatal Underfunding? Explaining COVID-19 Mortality in Spanish Nursing Homes
resolves10.1177/0952076717733325
Policy analysis in the face of complexity: What kind of knowledge to tackle wicked problems?
resolves10.1080/21622671.2020.1771022
The COVID-19 pandemic: territorial, political and governance dimensions of the crisis
resolves10.1177/000169939403700110
Book Reviews : Robert Erikson and John H. Goldthorpe: The Constant Flux. A Study of Class Mobility in Industrial Societies. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1992
resolves10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31690-1
The Cummings effect: politics, trust, and behaviours during the COVID-19 pandemic
resolves10.3390/su12093838
Current Response and Management Decisions of the European Union to the COVID-19 Outbreak: A Review
resolves10.1177/0272989X21990391
The Use and Misuse of Mathematical Modeling for Infectious Disease Policymaking: Lessons for the COVID-19 Pandemic
resolves10.1007/978-3-319-54675-9_6
Innovation and the State: Towards an Evolutionary Theory of Policy Capacity
resolves10.1111/hsc.13474
Clapping for carers in the Covid‐19 crisis: Carers' reflections in a UK survey
resolves10.6092/issn.1971-8853/10839
Complex Social Networks are Missing in the Dominant COVID-19 Epidemic Models
resolves10.1080/13501763.2021.1942518
Understanding policy responses to COVID-19: the stars haven’t fallen from the sky for scholars of public policy
resolves10.1007/978-3-030-50176-1_14
Psychological Governance and COVID-19: A Case Study in Macropsychology
resolves10.1016/j.jinf.2021.06.018
Systematic review of empirical studies comparing the effectiveness of non-pharmaceutical interventions against COVID-19
resolves10.1080/03906701.2017.1377406
Gender equality and family changes in the work–family culture in Southern Europe
resolves10.1136/bmj.m4039
Policy making during crises: how diversity and disagreement can help manage the politics of expert advice
resolves10.1038/d41586-021-01505-x
Six months of COVID vaccines: what 1.7 billion doses have taught scientists
resolves10.1186/s12939-020-01307-z
One country, two crises: what Covid-19 reveals about health inequalities among BAME communities in the United Kingdom and the sustainability of its health system?
resolves10.1136/bmj.n137
Pandemic fatigue? How adherence to covid-19 regulations has been misrepresented and why it matters
resolves10.1016/j.gaceta.2020.08.003
Face masks in the general healthy population. Scientific and ethical issues
resolves10.1186/1748-5908-8-103
A time-responsive tool for informing policy making: rapid realist review
resolves10.1136/bmj.n2061
A new framework for developing and evaluating complex interventions: update of Medical Research Council guidance
resolves10.1177/1356389012453289
Towards an evidence base of theory-driven evaluations: Some questions for proponents of theory-driven evaluation
resolves10.1136/bmj.n2997
Effectiveness of public health measures in reducing the incidence of covid-19, SARS-CoV-2 transmission, and covid-19 mortality: systematic review and meta-analysis
resolves10.1136/bmjgh-2020-003228
How previous epidemics enable timelier COVID-19 responses: an empirical study using organisational memory theory
The 54 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedSpain needs a legislative science advice mechanism
no DOI — not checkedCOVID-19 in the United Kingdom: Assessing jobs at risk and the impact on people and places
no DOI — not checkedLa capacidad de rastreo cae a la mitad en algunas comunidades
no DOI — not checkedDeterminantes sociales de la incidencia de la Covid-19 en Barcelona: un estudio ecológico preliminar usando datos públicos.
no DOI — not checkedLa otra pandemia - Entre el abandono y el desmantelamiento: El derecho a la salud y la atención primaria en España
no DOI — not checkedBarómetro especial de abril 2020. (Estudio no 3279.)
no DOI — not checkedBarómetro de febrero 2021 (Estudio no 3309)
no DOI — not checkedActuaciones de respuesta coordinada para el control de la transmisión de COVID-19
no DOI — not checkedThe global informal workforce: Priorities for inclusive growth
no DOI — not checkedRastreadores desbordados: Falla la detección precoz
no DOI — not checkedDoes anyone know what it means?’ How coronavirus rules have changed 200 times
no DOI — not checkedNissan shuts Barcelona plant as COVID-19 drives car giant into the red
no DOI — not checkedThe new wartime economy in the era of coronavirus
no DOI — not checkedIs the party over for Boris
no DOI — not checkedCOVID-19: Number of outbreaks in care homes
no DOI — not checkedAttendance in education and early years settings during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, Week 3 2021
no DOI — not checkedCases in the UK | Coronavirus in the UK
no DOI — not checkedWorking Safely During Coronavirus.
no DOI — not checkedMonitoring reports of the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccination
no DOI — not checkedWill Evidence-Based Medicine Survive COVID-19?
no DOI — not checkedWhat the public thinks – another five things we learnt from our COVID-19 polling
no DOI — not checkedThe Ongoing Problem of UK Hospital Acquired Infections
no DOI — not checkedThe continuing misuse of guidance in response to the pandemic.
no DOI — not checkedCoronavirus lockdown rules in each part of the UK
no DOI — not checkedLifting the Lockdown.
no DOI — not checkedEstudio ene-covid: Cuarta ronda estudio nacional de sero-epidemiología de la infección por sars-cov-2 en España
no DOI — not checkedMonitorización del comportamiento y las actitudes de la población relacionadas con la COVID-19 en España (COSMO-SPAIN): Estudio OMS
no DOI — not checked“Situación de COVID-19 en España a 26 de mayo de 2021” (No. 80).
no DOI — not checkedCOVID-19 Dashboard by the Center for Systems Science and Engineering (CSSE) at Johns Hopkins University (JHU)
no DOI — not checkedHow hospital activity in the NHS in England has changed over time.
no DOI — not checked¿Se culpabiliza injustamente a los jóvenes de la transmisión del COVID-19?
no DOI — not checkedThe Forgotten ‘C’? The impact of COVID-19 on cancer care
no DOI — not checkedEl caso de Extremadura o cómo pasar en 43 días de tener la incidencia más alta de España a ser la primera comunidad con riesgo bajo.
no DOI — not checkedCoronavirus is no longer seen as high risk by many - and that’s undermining control measures
no DOI — not checkedThe government’s approach to test and trace in England - interim report
no DOI — not checkedWhich occupations have the highest potential exposure to the coronavirus (COVID-19)?
no DOI — not checked‘El SOS enmudecido’ de las residencias: Un informe concluye que la respuesta al covid fue ‘tardía e ineficaz’.
no DOI — not checkedAyuso achaca los contagios en el sur de Madrid al ‘modo de vida de la inmigración’ y la densidad de población
no DOI — not checkedCoronavirus Las comunidades autónomas endurecen las restricciones para Nochevieja y Año Nuevo.
no DOI — not checkedThe economic impact of the pandemic on SMEs
no DOI — not checkedWicked problems.
no DOI — not checkedComo el Watergate, pero dibujado por Ibáñez.
no DOI — not checkedScience advice in a crisis.
no DOI — not checkedBritain’s Covid Response Is Graphic Confusion.
no DOI — not checkedWorking Paper: Covid-19 Mitigation Measures Among Children and Young People
no DOI — not checkedCoronavirus: Inside NHS Test and Trace - how the 'world beater' went wrong.
no DOI — not checkedHealth and Social Care, and Science and Technology Committees
no DOI — not checkedSin mascarillas y a lo loco: La fiesta más viral de El Español.
no DOI — not checkedIntelligence and Insight Pack
no DOI — not checkedRealism and Complexity in Social Science.
no DOI — not checkedPandemic fatigue: reinvigorating the public to prevent COVID-19: policy framework for supporting pandemic prevention and management: revised version November 2020 (No. WHO/EURO: 2020-1573-41324-56242).
no DOI — not checkedCOVID-19 and the social determinants of health and health equity: Evidence brief
no DOI — not checkedCoronavirus (COVID-19) Dashboard
no DOI — not checkedEl exceso de mortalidad por covid-19 en las personas mayores que viven en las residencias de España: Variaciones entre comunidades autónomas.
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work were clean at the dated check: each resolved to a known work in a public registry, and none
carried a retraction notice at that time. It says nothing about the quality, findings,
or importance of the work itself, and nothing about references deposited without a DOI.
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