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Antibody trapping: A novel mechanism of parasite immune evasion by the trematode Echinostoma caproni

https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005773
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21/21 checkable references clean · checked 2026-07-22

Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.

1 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.

The 21 checked references that resolve
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Parasite immune evasion: a momentous molecular war
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To B or not to B: B cells and the Th2-type immune response to helminths
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Echinostoma revolutum in mice; dynamics of the antibody attack to the surface of an intestinal trematode
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The role of complement in innate, adaptive and eosinophil-dependent immunity to the nematode Nippostrongylus brasiliensis
resolves10.1016/j.smim.2014.06.003
Host protective roles of type 2 immunity: Parasite killing and tissue repair, flip sides of the same coin
resolves10.1016/S0065-308X(06)63003-0
Making Sense of the Schistosome Surface
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Vaccines to combat the neglected tropical diseases
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Liver fluke vaccines in ruminants: strategies, progress and future opportunities
resolves10.1111/bph.12898
Structure–function analysis of apical membrane‐associated molecules of the tegument of schistosome parasites of humans: prospects for identification of novel targets for parasite control
resolves10.1007/s00436-004-1161-1
The comparative development of Echinostoma caproni (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae) adults in experimentally infected hamsters and rats
resolves10.1645/GE-1091R.1
DEVELOPMENT AND PATHOLOGY OF ECHINOSTOMA CAPRONI IN EXPERIMENTALLY INFECTED MICE
resolves10.1016/j.exppara.2007.02.008
Echinostoma caproni: Kinetics of IgM, IgA and IgG subclasses in the serum and intestine of experimentally infected rats and mice
resolves10.1016/j.exppara.2010.09.004
Echinostoma caproni (Trematoda): Differential in vivo cytokine responses in high and low compatible hosts
resolves10.1017/S0022149X00013110
<i>Echinostoma caproni</i> and <i>E. trivolvis</i> alter the binding of glycoconjugates in the intestinal mucosa of C3H mice as determined by lectin histochemistry
resolves10.1186/s13071-016-1465-x
Definitive host influences the proteomic profile of excretory/secretory products of the trematode Echinostoma caproni
resolves10.1371/journal.pone.0045974
Extracellular Vesicles from Parasitic Helminths Contain Specific Excretory/Secretory Proteins and Are Internalized in Intestinal Host Cells
resolves10.1111/j.1365-3024.2007.01019.x
Identification of antigenic proteins from <i>Echinostoma caproni </i>(Trematoda) recognized by mouse immunoglobulins M, A and G using an immunoproteomic approach
resolves10.1016/0020-7519(90)90032-I
Echinostoma caproni in mice: Ultrastructural studies on the formation of immune complexes on the surface of an intestinal trematode
resolves10.1016/0020-7519(89)90028-3
Echinostoma caproni in mice: Shedding of antigens from the surface of an intestinal trematode
resolves10.1006/expr.1999.4479
Fasciola hepatica: Parasite-Secreted Proteinases Degrade All Human IgG Subclasses: Determination of the Specific Cleavage Sites and Identification of the Immunoglobulin Fragments Produced
resolves10.1016/j.jprot.2013.06.017
The transcriptome of Echinostoma caproni adults: Further characterization of the secretome and identification of new potential drug targets
The 1 reference without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedThe biology of the echinostomes, from the molecule to the community
What this badge says. CiteStamped means the CHECKABLE references of this work were clean at the dated check: each resolved to a known work in a public registry, and none carried a retraction notice at that time. It says nothing about the quality, findings, or importance of the work itself, and nothing about references deposited without a DOI.

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