Reference health
The Untold Story of the Caudal Skeleton in the Electric Eel (Ostariophysi: Gymnotiformes: Electrophorus)
22/22 checkable references clean · checked 2026-07-14
Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a publisher retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.
26 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.
The 22 checked references that resolve
resolves10.1126/science.1101240
Amazonian Ecology: Tributaries Enhance the Diversity of Electric Fishes
resolves10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00588.x
Electric fishes of the genus Sternarchorhynchus (Teleostei, Ostariophysi, Gymnotiformes); phylogenetic and revisionary studies
resolves10.1111/j.1096-3642.2012.00827.x
South American electric knifefishes of the genus Archolaemus (Ostariophysi, Gymnotiformes): undetected diversity in a clade of rheophiles
resolves10.1111/j.1096-3642.2011.00736.x
Phylogenetic interrelationships, taxonomy, and reductive evolution in the Neotropical electric fish genus Hypopygus (Teleostei, Ostariophysi, Gymnotiformes)
resolves10.5962/bhl.title.68927
Caroli a Linné ... Systema naturae : per regna tria natura, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis /
resolves10.5962/bhl.title.41460
Le règne animal distribué d'après son organisation : pour servir de base a l'histoire naturelle des animaux et d'introduction a l'anatomie comparée
resolves10.5962/bhl.part.14515
The freshwater fishes of British Guiana, including a study of the ecological grouping of species, and the relation of the fauna of the plateau to that of the lowlands
resolves10.1111/j.1463-6395.1978.tb01036.x
Etude anatomique et histologique du squelette axial de <i>Eigenmannia virescens</i> (Rhamphichthyidae, Gymnotoidei)
resolves10.1111/j.1463-6395.1984.tb00819.x
Anatomical and Histological Investigations on the Caudal Skeleton of <i>Apteronotus leptorhynchus</i> (Apteronotidae, Gymnotoidei)
resolves10.1111/j.1096-3642.1981.tb01575.x
Interrelationships of the ostariophysan fishes (Teleostei)
resolves10.1016/S0016-6995(66)80028-1
Premier cas de morphogenèse réparatrice de l'endosquelette caudal d'un poisson Gymnotiforme du Miocène supérieur Bolivien
resolves10.1635/0097-3157(2007)156[1:ROOTBG]2.0.CO;2
Redescription of Orthosternarchus tamandua (Boulenger, 1898) (Gymnotiformes, Apteronotidae), with reviews of its ecology, electric organ discharges, external morphology, osteology, and phylogenetic affinities
resolves10.1590/S0031-10492007001700001
A new subterranean species of Phreatobius Goeldi, 1905 (Siluriformes, Incertae sedis) from the Southwestern Amazon basin
resolves10.11646/zootaxa.1626.1.4
A new phreatic catfish of the genus Phreatobius Goeldi 1905 from groundwaters of the Iténez River, Bolivia (Siluriformes: Heptapteridae)
resolves10.1016/j.ympev.2006.05.044
A phylogenetic analysis of the major groups of catfishes (Teleostei: Siluriformes) using rag1 and rag2 nuclear gene sequences
resolves10.1671/0272-4634(2007)27[17:PROFNE]2.0.CO;2
Phylogenetic relationships of fossil neotropical electric fishes (Osteichthyes: Gymnotiformes) from the upper Miocene of Bolivia
resolves10.1073/pnas.1011803107
Old gene duplication facilitates origin and diversification of an innovative communication system—twice
resolves10.1007/BF00002795
Why do electric fishes swim backwards? An hypothesis based on gymnotiform foraging behavior interpreted through sensory constraints
resolves10.1023/A:1007656801949
Swimming Patterns Associated with Foraging in Phylogenetically and Ecologically Diverse American Weakly Electric Teleosts (Gymnotiformes)
The 26 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedSpecies diversity and phylogenetic systematics of American knifefishes (Gymnotiformes, Teleostei)
no DOI — not checkedEschmeyer W, Fong JD (2013) Catalog of Fishes. Avaliable: <ext-link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://research.calacademy.org/redirect?url=http://researcharchive.calacademy" xlink:type="simple">http://research.calacademy.org/redirect?url=http://researcharchive.calacademy</ext-link>. org/research/Ichthyology/catalog/SpeciesByFamily.asp. Accessed 2013 Feb 7.
no DOI — not checkedCrampton WGR (2007) Diversity and adaptation in deep-channel Neotropical electric fishes. In: Sébert P, Onyango DW, Kapoor BG, editors. Fish life in special environments. New Hampshire: Science Publishers, Inc., Enfield. 283–339.
no DOI — not checkedCampos-da-Paz R (2003) Family Gymnotidae (Naked-back knifefishes). In: Reis RE, Kullander SO, Ferraris Jr CJ, editors. Check List of the freshwater fishes of South and Central America. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS. 483–486.
no DOI — not checkedMoller P (1995) Electric fishes, history and behavior. New York: Chapman and Hall. 584 p.
no DOI — not checkedReproduction and larval development of <italic>Electrophorus electricus</italic> on Marajó Island (Pará, Brazil)
no DOI — not checkedIchthyological notes
no DOI — not checkedGronovius LT (1763) Zoophylacii Gronoviani fasciculus primus exhibens animalia quadrupeda, amphibia atque pisces, quae in museo suo adservat, rite examinavit, systematice disposuit, descripsit, atque iconibus illustravit. 136 p.
no DOI — not checkedReis RE, Ferraris CJ, Kullander SO (2003) The check list of the freshwater fishes of South and Central America. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS. 729 p.
no DOI — not checkedChecklist of the freshwater fishes of the Guiana Shield
no DOI — not checkedAlbert JS, Campos-da-Paz R (1998) Phylogenetic systematics of Gymnotiformes with diagnoses of 58 clades: a review of available data. In: Malabarba LR, Reis RE, Vari RP, de Lucena ZMS, Lucena CAS, editors. Phylogeny and classification of Neotropical fishes. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS. 419–446.
no DOI — not checkedRevised procedures for staining and clearing small fishes and other vertebrates for bone and cartilage study
no DOI — not checkedThe anatomy and classification of the teleostean fishes of the order Iniomi Ann Mag Nat Hist
no DOI — not checkedFilogenia dos gêneros de Gymnotiformes (Actinopterygii, Ostariophysi), com base em caracteres esqueléticos
no DOI — not checked<italic>Ellisella Kirschbaumi</italic> Gayet & Meunier, 1991, Gymnotiforme fossile de Bolivie et ses relations phylogénétiques au des forms actuelles
no DOI — not checkedMago-Leccia F (1994) Electric fishes of the continental waters of America. Caracas, Fundacion para el Desarrollo de las Ciencias Fisicas, Matematicas y Naturales. Caracas. 206 p.
no DOI — not checkedLe complex urophore des poissons Téléostéens
no DOI — not checkedRevision of the South American freshwater fish genus <italic>Sternarchorhamphus</italic> Eigenmann, 1905 (Ostariophysi: Gymnotiformes: Apteronotidae), with notes on its relationships
no DOI — not checkedThe caudal skeleton of the catfishes, order Siluriformes
no DOI — not checkedEsqueleto caudal de peces Siluriformes y sus tendências evolutivas (Diplomystidae y Trichomycteridae)
no DOI — not checkedDescription of the primitive family Diplomystidae (Siluriformes, Teleostei, Pisces): morphology, taxonomy and phylogenetic implications
no DOI — not checkedFujita K (1990) The caudal skeleton of Teleostean fishes. Tokyo: Tokai University Press. 897 p.
no DOI — not checkedEtude anatômique du <italic>Phreatobius cisternarum</italic> Goeldi, silure aveugle du Brésil
no DOI — not checkedSkeletal morphology of the holotype of <italic>Gymnallabes nops</italic> Roberts and Stewart, 1976, using micro CT-scanning
no DOI — not checkedde Pinna MCC (1998) Phylogenetic relationships of Neotropical Siluriformes (Teleostei: Ostariophysi); historical overview and synthesis of hypothesis. In: Malabarba LR, Reis RE, Vari RP, Lucena ZM, Lucena CAS, editors. Phylogeny and classification of Neotropical fishes. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS. 279–330.
no DOI — not checkedAnálise cladística dos caracteres de anatomia externa e esquelética de Apteronotidae (Teleostei: Gymnotiformes)
What this badge says. CiteStamped means the CHECKABLE references of this
work were clean at the dated check: each resolved to a known work in a public registry, and none
carried a publisher retraction notice at that time. It says nothing about the quality, findings,
or importance of the work itself, and nothing about references deposited without a DOI.
checked 2026-07-14 — re-checked daily as this page is visited; titles and statuses come from Crossref and DataCite and are not part of the signed record
Embed this badge
Both snippets point at the live badge image and link back to this page. The badge re-renders from the daily check, so an embed never goes stale by more than a day of visits.
<a href="https://citestamp.com/citestamped/10.1371/journal.pone.0068719"><img src="https://citestamp.com/citestamped/10.1371/journal.pone.0068719/badge.svg" alt="CiteStamped reference-health badge" width="460" height="64"></a>
[](https://citestamp.com/citestamped/10.1371/journal.pone.0068719)