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Temperature Uncertainties for Bare-Bead and Aspirated Thermocouple Measurements in Fire Environments

https://doi.org/10.1520/stp10945s
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6/6 checkable references clean · checked 2026-07-23

Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.

12 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.

The 6 checked references that resolve
resolves10.1177/073490419501300401
On the Use of Metal Sheathed Thermocouples in a Hot Gas Layer Originating from a Room Fire
resolves10.1243/JMES_JOUR_1968_010_048_02
Measurement of High Gas Temperatures with Fine Wire Thermocouples
resolves10.1016/0010-2180(77)90036-0
Heat and mass transfer considerations in the use of electrically heated thermocouples of iridium versus an iridiumrhodium alloy in atmospheric pressure flames
resolves10.1016/0379-7112(89)90045-3
Scaling applications in fire research
resolves10.1016/0360-1285(93)90017-9
Thermocouples and sample probes for combustion studies
resolves10.1016/S0379-7112(99)00034-X
Modeling of bare and aspirated thermocouples in compartment fires
The 12 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedMoffatt, E. M.,Methods of Minimizing Errors in the Measurement of High Temperatures in Gases, Instruments, Vol. 22, No. 2, 021949, pp.122132.
no DOI — not checkedGas Temperature Measurement
no DOI — not checkedCollis, D. C. and Williams, M. J., Two-Dimensional Convection from Heated Wires at Low Reynolds Numbers, Journal of Fluid Mechanics 0022-1120, Vol. 6, No. 4, 101959, pp. 357384.
no DOI — not checkedHibshman, , J. R. II, An Experimental Study of Soot Formation in Dual Mode Laminar Wolfhard-Parker Flames, Master's Thesis, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, June, 1998.
no DOI — not checkedProposed Method for Room Fire Test of Wall and Ceiling Materials and Assemblies
no DOI — not checkedBryner, N. P., Johnsson, E. L., and Pitts, W. M.,Carbon Monoxide Production in Compartment Fire: Reduced-Scale Enclosure Facility, Internal Report NISTIR 5568, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, 091994.
no DOI — not checkedRadiation and Recovery Corrections and Time Constants of Several Chromel-Alumel Thermocouple Probes in High-Temperature, High-Velocity Gas Streams
no DOI — not checkedNewman, J. S. and Croce, P. A., Simple Aspirated Thermocouple for Use in Fires, Journal of Fire and Flammability, Vol. 10, No. 4, 1979, pp. 326336.
no DOI — not checkedHeat Transmission
no DOI — not checkedLand, T. and Barber, R.,The Design of Suction Pyrometers, Transactions of the Society of Instrument Technology, Vol. 6, No. 3, 091954, pp. 112130.
no DOI — not checkedBlevins, L. G. and Pitts, W. M., Modeling of Bare and Aspirated Thermocouples in Compartment Fires, Internal Report NISTIR 6310, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, 041999.
no DOI — not checkedTagawa, M. and Ohta, Y.,Two-Thermocouple Probe for Fluctuating Temperature Measurement in Combustion Rational Estimation of Mean and Fluctuating Time Constants, Combustion and Flame 0010-218010.1016/S0010-2180(97)00044-8, Vol. 109, No. 4, 061997, pp. 549560.
What this badge says. CiteStamped means the CHECKABLE references of this work were clean at the dated check: each resolved to a known work in a public registry, and none carried a retraction notice at that time. It says nothing about the quality, findings, or importance of the work itself, and nothing about references deposited without a DOI.

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