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The Law of Unintended Consequences: How the U.S. Biofuel Tax Credit with a Mandate Subsidizes Oil Consumption and Has No Impact on Ethanol Consumption

https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1024525
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8/8 checkable references clean · checked 2026-08-25

Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.

20 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.

The 8 checked references that resolve
resolves10.2139/ssrn.1071067
'Water' in the U.S. Ethanol Tax Credit and Mandate: Implications for Rectangular Deadweight Costs and the Corn-Oil Price Relationship
resolves10.2139/ssrn.1015542
The Welfare Economics of an Excise-Tax Exemption for Biofuels and the Interaction Effects with Farm Subsidies
resolves10.4159/harvard.9780674599468.c15
1936 September
resolves10.1086/466910
The Social Cost of Government Regulation of Milk
resolves10.1007/springerreference_75845
German Marshall Fund of the United States (GMF)
resolves10.1257/jel.45.2.373
Automobile Externalities and Policies
resolves10.1596/1813-9450-4341
Review Of Environmental, Economic And Policy Aspects Of Biofuels
resolves10.1257/aer.99.3.667
Distributional and Efficiency Impacts of Increased US Gasoline Taxes
The 20 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedEconomic Analysis of Alternative Indiana State Legislation on Biodiesel
no DOI — not checkedref4
no DOI — not checkedBiofuels: Is the Cure Worse than the Disease?
no DOI — not checkedEthanol Boom Is Running Out of Gas
no DOI — not checkedref8
no DOI — not checkedref9
no DOI — not checkedref10
no DOI — not checkedref13
no DOI — not checkedref14
no DOI — not checkedEthanol -At What Cost? Government Support for Ethanol and Biodiesel in the United States
no DOI — not checkedref16
no DOI — not checkedBiofuel Incentives and the Energy Title of the 2007 Farm Bill
no DOI — not checkedA Note on Proportionally Distributed Quotas
no DOI — not checkedref21
no DOI — not checkedref22
no DOI — not checkedref23
no DOI — not checkedBrazil's Ethanol Program: The Case of Hidden Subsidies
no DOI — not checkedBiofuels -At What Cost? Government support for ethanol and biodiesel in selected OECD countries
no DOI — not checkedref26
no DOI — not checkedTo request PDFs of AEM publications, write to (be sure to include your e-mail address): Publications, Department of Applied Economics and Management
What this badge says. CiteStamped means the CHECKABLE references of this work were clean at the dated check: each resolved to a known work in a public registry, and none carried a retraction notice at that time. It says nothing about the quality, findings, or importance of the work itself, and nothing about references deposited without a DOI.

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