Reference health
Nanotechnology and the Emergence of a General Purpose Technology
47/47 checkable references clean · checked 2026-08-27
Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.
17 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.
The 47 checked references that resolve
resolves10.3386/w12459
Science and Industry: Tracing the Flow of Basic Research through Manufacturing and Trade
resolves10.21236/ada461472
Volume 2. Information Age Anthology: National Security Implications of the Information Age
resolves10.1162/rest.88.4.774
Patent Citations as a Measure of Knowledge Flows: The Influence of Examiner Citations
resolves10.1016/j.eeh.2007.08.002
Steam power, establishment size, and labor productivity growth in nineteenth century American manufacturing
resolves10.24148/wp2006-29
Information and Communications Technology as a General-Purpose Technology: Evidence from U.S Industry Data
resolves10.3386/w7552
Protecting Their Intellectual Assets: Appropriability Conditions and Why U.S. Manufacturing Firms Patent (or Not)
resolves10.1111/j.1468-0297.2003.00200.x
Steam as a General Purpose Technology: A Growth Accounting Perspective
resolves10.1093/icc/dtr040
An empirical test for general purpose technology: an examination of the Cohen-Boyer rDNA technology
resolves10.4337/9781847201522.00015
The Determinants of Patentees’ Use of ‘Continuation’ Patent Applications in the United States Patent and Trademark Office, 1980–99
resolves10.1080/1043859042000188700
Submarines in software? continuations in US software patenting in the 1980s and 1990s
resolves10.1016/S0048-7333(02)00124-5
Citations, family size, opposition and the value of patent rights
resolves10.1016/j.eeh.2005.03.001
Industrialization and urbanization: Did the steam engine contribute to the growth of cities in the United States?
resolves10.3386/w10169
International R&D Deployment and Locational Advantage: A Case Study of Taiwan
resolves10.1353/jjq.2007.0000
“ Lux upon Lux ”: A Report on the 2006 Zurich James Joyce Foundation Workshop, 6-12 August 2006
resolves10.1007/s11192-007-0312-4
What do we know about innovation in nanotechnology? Some propositions about an emerging field between hype and path-dependency
resolves10.1257/0002828054825501
How Do Patent Laws Influence Innovation? Evidence from Nineteenth-Century World's Fairs
resolves10.1257/0002828041301407
Was Electricity a General Purpose Technology? Evidence from Historical Patent Citations
resolves10.1007/s11051-005-3141-5
International Perspective on Government Nanotechnology Funding in 2005
resolves10.1017/s0022050704002608
A General-Purpose Technology at Work: The Corliss Steam Engine in the Late-Nineteenth-Century United States
resolves10.1016/j.jengtecman.2005.06.002
Future management research directions in nanotechnology: A case study
resolves10.1007/s10961-007-9030-6
Assessing the nature of nanotechnology: can we uncover an emerging general purpose technology?
The 17 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
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no DOI — not checkedref12
no DOI — not checkedThe Dynamo and the Computer: A Historical Perspective on the Modern Productivity Paradox
no DOI — not checkedref22
no DOI — not checkedref24
no DOI — not checkedCross Pollination in Science and Technology: The Emergence of the Nanobio Subfield
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no DOI — not checkedref34
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no DOI — not checkedref43
no DOI — not checkedWhat Requires an Explanation
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no DOI — not checkedref47
no DOI — not checkedProceedings
no DOI — not checkedref53
no DOI — not checkedref63
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