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Deeply and Persistently Conflicted: Credit Rating Agencies in the Current Regulatory Environment
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no DOI — not checked(reporting that 2.97 percent of U.S. mortgage loans were in the process of foreclosure in the third quarter of
no DOI — not checkedA1 (noting that together the Federal National Mortgage Association (Fannie Mae) and the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (Freddie Mac) provide funding for approximately three-quarters of new home mortgages in the
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no DOI — not checkedDEEPLY AND PERSISTENTLY CONFLICTED 231 the 2000s, 13 and when the housing bubble burst, an ensuing wave of J
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no DOI — not checkedJones Industrial Average] fell 33.8 percent, for its bleakest year since 1931; the S&P skidded 38.5 percent; and the Nasdaq posted its worst year ever, with a 40.5 percent drop
no DOI — not checkedInflation Jumps; Fresh Worries in Developing Nations
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no DOI — not checked9:47:37 AM [hereinafter Standard & Poor's, Case-Shiller] (showing dramatic annual increase in national average housing prices between
no DOI — not checkedrocket-taking-off" boom in home prices in the U.S. since 1997 cannot be explained "in terms of building costs, population, or interest rates"); see also Vincent Reinhart
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no DOI — not checked(describing the connection between the housing bubble bursting, subprime mortgages, the credit crunch, and the economic slump). 19 Mortgage-backed securities are debt securities whose payments are based on the total principal and interest payments of a pool of mortgages. The pool may consist of thousands of mortgages. Collateralized debt obligations are securities whose securities are also based on a pool of underlying assets, and MBS-based CDOs are CDOs which are based on a pool of MBSs, often as many as 200 MBSs
no DOI — not checked20 MBSs and CDOs based on MBSs are highly structured, meaning, essentially, that the rights to the cash flows from the pool of underlying securities are segmented among different 1. Role in the Capital Markets and Investment Industry Investors use ratings to help them estimate the default risks associated with rated securities and rated issuers. 62 Rating services are structured finance sector that "uses a subscription-based investor model as opposed to the traditional issuer-paid model," which, according to its president and CEO
no DOI — not checkedCRA REPORT, supra note 34, at 41 n.110. Credit rating agencies still have investor subscription services. Moody's reports that $1.835 billion of its total $2.259 billion 2007 revenue, or 81 percent, was revenue from determining and maintaining credit ratings, and most of the remaining revenue was from selling subscription services
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no DOI — not checked] at the effect on investing publics of even a hint that one of these agencies might qualify their credit rating
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no DOI — not checkedInnovative Destruction-Structured Finance and Credit Market Reform in the Bubble Era, 5 HASTINGS BUS
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no DOI — not checkedhave acquired public authority due to their public professional expertise, their specialist knowledge, and their reputation and acceptance by market actors
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no DOI — not checkedExporting Risk: Global Implications of the Securitization of U.S. Housing Debt, 4 HASTINGS BUS
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