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Betting Big: Value, Caution and Accountability in an Era of Large Banks and Complex Finance
1 of 27 checkable references need attention · checked 2026-08-20
At the dated check, the references listed below either did not resolve in Crossref or DataCite, or carried a retraction notice. Each one is shown with the registry record that put it there.
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References needing attention
does not resolve to a known work10.1787/fin_sme_ent-2015-graph13-en
The 26 checked references that resolve
resolves10.1163/ilwo-vi27
V.I.27 Rio Declaration on Environment and Development (13 Jun 92) See Basic Document V.B.16, supra
resolves10.1057/9781137465740.0004
A Truthful Economics, or What Modern Economics is â and What it Should Be
resolves10.4337/9781849806794.00010
Internationalisation of Law – The ‘Complex’ Case of Bank Regulation
resolves10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.29851
Packer, William John, (born 19 Aug. 1940), painter and freelance critic; art critic, Financial Times, 1974–2004
resolves10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.u185155
Currie, Sir Donald, (17 Sept. 1825–13 April 1909), head of Donald Currie & Co. shipowners
resolves10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.u249547
McGrath, Sir Harvey (Andrew), (born 23 Feb. 1952), Chairman, Big Society Capital Ltd, since 2014; Deputy Chair, London Enterprise Panel, since 2012
resolves10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.u210623
Haldane, Elizabeth Sanderson, (1862–24 Dec. 1937), CH 1918
The 153 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
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no DOI — not checkedCaptive Irish Banks May Help Avoid Bailout Two in Bond Swap
no DOI — not checked(paraphrasing remarks made in a CNBC interview by the JP Morgan CEO and astutely adding his own observation: "Nailed it. Ultimately there's no divorcing the fate of a sovereign and the fates of banks within the country
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no DOI — not checkedat MM24 (describing Chairman Bair's desire to use Wachovia to save Citi). Whether this was Bair's real intention is unknown
no DOI — not checkedThe Fund does have the ability to borrow up to $500 billion from the Treasury. Helping Families Save Their Homes Act of
no DOI — not checkedwhich gave them access to the Fed's discount window and allowed them to borrow repeatedly
no DOI — not checkedGot $6.9 Billion From Fed Window in
no DOI — not checkedin which a healthy institution purchases some or all of the assets of a failed bank and assumes some or all of its liabilities, including insured deposits. The FDIC often provides guarantees against losses. A P&A transaction is attractive to the FDIC because it can greatly reduce the initial cash outlay that would otherwise have to be made to render insured depositors whole
no DOI — not checkedThe Bank Run We Knew So Little About
no DOI — not checkedFor a response, see generally Bloomberg News Responds to Bernanke Criticism of
no DOI — not checkedref17
no DOI — not checkedrisk of loss resulting from inadequate or failed internal processes, people and systems or from external events", and it includes legal risks, such as liabilities for damages or damage to reputation arising from failures in the conduct of business. See BASEL, REVISED FRAMEWORK, supra note 269, at 144. For a rare detailed discussion, see Tyson Macaulay, Convergence of Operational and Credit Risks: Additivity of Risk -Paper I of III
no DOI — not checkeddescribing the use and exploitation of derivatives models). 272 On the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision, see generally About the Basel Committee
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no DOI — not checkedThe United States banking regulators have now jointly implemented Pillars 1 and 2. See generally OCC Minimum Capital Ratios
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no DOI — not checkedSupervisory Guidance: Supervisory Review Process of Capital Adequacy (Pillar 2) Related to the Implementation of the Basel II Advanced Capital Framework
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no DOI — not checkedincluding the addition of global liquidity standards to supplement the capital buffers. Second, regulators broaden the coverage of risks associated with securitizations, trading and counterparties. Third, regulators introduce a non-risk-weighted leverage ratio as a backstop to the risk-based capital requirements of Basel II. Finally, the Financial Stability Board will identify global systemically important financial institutions (G-SIFIs) and provide standards to be phased in over time, including the need to secure additional loss absorbency, or "surcharges," through even higher capital requirements
no DOI — not checkedIn the aftermath of the crisis, there seems to be agreement among both academics and policymakers that financial regulation needs to move in a macroprudential direction
no DOI — not checkedIn the wake of the recent financial crisis, the term 'macroprudential' has become a true buzzword
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no DOI — not checkedMr. Corrigan was then President of the New York and Minneapolis Federal Reserve Banks and is currently a managing director at Goldman
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no DOI — not checkedAre Banks Special?: A Revisitation
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no DOI — not checkedThe fire-sale externality arises since each individual financial institution does not take into account the price impact its own fire-sales will have on asset prices in a possible future liquidity crunch. Hence, fire-sales by some institutions spillover, and adversely affect the balance sheet of others
no DOI — not checkedarguing that the growth of disintermediation calls for a greater focus on financial markets, rather than individual banks
no DOI — not checkedMany popular accounts of the failure of Lehman Brothers are now in publication
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no DOI — not checkedOther required elements for the Fed's decision, such as competitive and community reinvestment analysis, are omitted from discussion here. 324 This appears to be the view of the industry as well
no DOI — not checkedref69
no DOI — not checkedstating that the extended process preceding the Fed's Capital One ruling indicates a new era of heightened scrutiny for large financial institutions
no DOI — not checked2011) (providing methods of determining systemic risk). For rankings of the United States' and the world's most systemically risky financial institutions, see NYU Stern Systemic Risk Rankings
no DOI — not checkedFor an overview of complexity science and its application to social systems, including economic markets (which are highlighted as quintessential examples of complex adaptive systems), see generally MELANIE MITCHELL
no DOI — not checkedref73
no DOI — not checkedFor a detailed description of how economic systems become complex, see Dirk Helbing, Systemic Risks in Society and Economics
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no DOI — not checkeddefining complexity as it relates to financial institutions such that an understanding of the system requires an understanding of each component as well as the relationships among them); see also Iman Anabtawi & Steven L. Schwarcz, Regulating Systemic Risk: Towards an Analytical Framework
no DOI — not checkedref78
no DOI — not checkedFor more recognition of the increasing complexity of the financial system and how it affects the ability to regulate financial activity, see generally ERIC D. BEINHOCKER, THE ORIGIN OF WEALTH: THE RADICAL REMAKING OF
no DOI — not checkedWhy the Financial System Is Like an Ecosystem
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no DOI — not checkedBlackouts and Cascading Failures of the Global Markets
no DOI — not checkedToo Complex to Exist
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no DOI — not checkedsuggesting business strategies and principles based on complexity science). For a recent application of complexity theory, see generally IBM INST. FOR BUS. VALUE
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no DOI — not checkedFor technical analyses of financial networks, see generally Jan Lorenz et al., Systemic Risk in a Unifying Framework for Cascading Processes on Networks, 71 EUR
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no DOI — not checkedOne recent study focusing on British banks over the past century highlights the increasing complexity of bankclient webs. As they have grown larger, companies have developed multiple bank relationships rather than replacing their prior ones. Fabio Braggion & Steven Ongena, Hundred Years of British Firm-Bank Relationships: Why the Transition to Multiple Banking? 15-24 (Ctr. for Applied Research in Fin
no DOI — not checkedThat said, I feel that the focus of the discussion on banks' size has shifted away from what the issue actually involves: it is not size as such that is the problem but the interconnectedness of banks
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no DOI — not checkedNetworks of Economic Market Interdependence and Systemic Risk 6 (New Eng
no DOI — not checkedref108
no DOI — not checkedexamining "how the complexity and concentration of financial linkages can give rise to systemic liquidity crises that threaten financial system resilience
no DOI — not checkedref111
no DOI — not checkeddemonstrating the tension between the distribution of assets that individual banks would like to hold and the best distribution across banks for best promoting system stability)
no DOI — not checkedOptimal strategies for preventing disease spread focus on "super spreaders": not those most likely to diet, but those with the greatest capacity to infect counterparties. The same calculus applies to big
no DOI — not checkedref114
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no DOI — not checkedFor a practical attempt to reorient regulation toward promoting resiliency, see generally
no DOI — not checkedRegulating OTC Derivatives
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no DOI — not checkedInnovation and the Regulation of Modern Financial Markets, 1 HARV. BUS. L. REV. (forthcoming 2012) (arguing that post-financial crisis regulatory regimes fail to account for financial innovation)
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no DOI — not checkedW]hile size may offer some benefits, it can also introduce complexity into a business that makes it harder to manage effectively
no DOI — not checkedCitigroup Says Bank Will Exit Mortgage Brokerage Business
no DOI — not checkedPutting Competition First: Lloyd's and Royal Bank of Scotland Are Forced to Sell Businesses
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no DOI — not checkedThis position is powerfully argued in Peter Fox-Penner, Too Big to Regulate?
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no DOI — not checkedBasel III and European banking: Its impact, how banks might respond, and the challenges of implementation 22-24
no DOI — not checkedat C1 (describing the increased scrutiny imposed on financial institutions due to the growing number of regulators, many of whom are stationed at the institutions). The author has elsewhere argued that there is a more abstract benefit to the proliferation of multiple regulators, namely that their differing perspectives help generate more refined views on public policy. See generally Lawrence Baxter, Understanding Regulatory Capture: An Academic Perspective from the United States
no DOI — not checkedFor example, the 2010 congressional elections transferred power in the House Financial Services Committee from Democrats to Republicans, and this completely changed the Committee's agenda from one that supported increased regulation to one that vigorously opposes it. Press Release
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no DOI — not checkedThe OCC has an interest in a flourishing national bank industry as a part of its very raison d'�tre, and the FDIC has an interest in protecting the deposit insurance fund by preventing its exposure to unnecessary risk. A recent illustration of this conflict was the divergence of views on BofA's decision to transfer its derivatives portfolio into its insured bank to reduce the degree of collateral required by counterparties. See Bob Ivry et al., BofA Said to Split Regulators Over Moving Merrill Derivatives to Bank Unit
no DOI — not checkedBanks and the SEC: A Regulatory Mismatch?
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no DOI — not checkeddescribing the intervention paradox as the tendency of regulators to decline to
no DOI — not checkedAdaptive Regulation in the Amoral Bazaar
no DOI — not checkedAdaptation, and Administrative Law, 54 DUKE L
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no DOI — not checkedPredicting Economic Market Crises Using Measures of Collective Panic 2-9
no DOI — not checkedThe Global Financial Crisis: Learning from Regulatory and Governance Studies
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no DOI — not checkedHow to Think About Financial Regulation in an Era of Systemic Risk
no DOI — not checkedSmith v. Van Gorkom, 488 A.2d 858, 872 (Del. 1985) (quoting Aronson v. Lewis, 473 A.2d 805, 812 (Del. 1984)). Some have charged that BofA failed to, amongst other things, conduct proper due diligence, monitor the on-going financial condition of Merrill and make timely disclosure to shareholders. See, e.g., Mark T. Williams, A Breach of Fiduciary Duty at Bank of America
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no DOI — not checked(reporting that budget cuts will frustrate rulemaking mandated by the Dodd-Frank Act). Currently, proposed mergers are not required to express the costs of additional or compounded supervision
no DOI — not checkedthe Federal Energy Regulatory Commission ruled that two parties to a proposed merger had not sufficiently demonstrated that their proposed measures to mitigate the merger's anticompetitive effects would be adequate. When compared with the Fed's 410 Banks are categorized by total assets
no DOI — not checkedTD Bank US Holding Company, Ally Fin. Inc., Regions Fin
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no DOI — not checkedThe global sample contains a sample of twenty-six banks across a range of sizes and countries for
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