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Of Life and Torture: Differences in the 'Mistreatment-Threshold' for the Invocation of Article 2 and 3 of the European Convention on Human Rights
13/13 checkable references clean · checked 2026-08-27
Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.
23 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.
The 13 checked references that resolve
resolves10.1163/2210-7975_hrd-9709-2015012
Abuse of Detainees in Russia: Article 3 ECHR October 2012 - August 2014.
resolves10.1093/rsq/hdi031
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, G.A. res. 2200A (XXI), 21 U.N. GAOR Supp. (No. 16) at 52, U.N. Doc. A/6316 (1966), 999 U.N.T.S.171, entered into force Mar. 23, 1976
resolves10.1093/he/9780191842832.003.0013
Hirst v United Kingdom [2005] ECHR 681, European Court of Human Rights (Grand Chamber)
resolves10.1017/s0020782900026516
European Court of Human Rights (ECHR): Case of Tahsin Acar v. Turkey
resolves10.1017/s2071832200005551
Asserting the Right to Life (Article 2, ECHR) in the Context of Industry
The 23 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
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no DOI — not checkedInhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, concluded 10.12.1984, entry into force 26.06
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no DOI — not checkedApplication No. 42326/98, Concurring Opinion of Judge Greve 17. ECHR: �nery?ld?z v. Turkey, Grand Chamber Judgment of
no DOI — not checkedApplication No. 30209/04, Concurring Opinion Judge Kovler 23. ECHR: Raninen v. Finland, Judgment of
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no DOI — not checkedThe Right to Life in International Law
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no DOI — not checkedThe Right to Life and the Rule of Non-Derogability: Preemptory Norms of Jus Cogens
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