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The Impact of Operational Diversity on Corporate Philanthropy: An Empirical Study of U.S. Companies

https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1961294
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1 of 50 checkable references need attention · checked 2026-08-27

At the dated check, the references listed below either did not resolve in Crossref or DataCite, or carried a retraction notice. Each one is shown with the registry record that put it there.

17 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.

References needing attention

does not resolve to a known work10.5465/256611
The 49 checked references that resolve
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Corporate Social Performance and Attractiveness as an Employer to Different Job Seeking Populations
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The Effects of Firm Size and Industry on Corporate Giving
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The Ultimate Glass Ceiling Revisited: The Presence of Women on Corporate Boards
resolves10.1177/014920639101700108
Firm Resources and Sustained Competitive Advantage
resolves10.1177/0007650302041003004
Governance and Corporate Philanthropy: Restraining Robin Hood?
resolves10.1007/s10551-010-0505-2
The Impact of Board Diversity and Gender Composition on Corporate Social Responsibility and Firm Reputation
resolves10.1007/978-90-481-3401-4_3
Building the Business Case for Women Corporate Directors
resolves10.1002/cprt.30011
Intel launches $300 million diversity initiative
resolves10.1086/NTJ41789197
TAXES AND CORPORATE CHARITY: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM MICROLEVEL PANEL DATA
resolves10.1002/smj.4250110602
Corporate linkages and organizational environment: A test of the resource dependence model
resolves10.1111/j.1467-6486.2004.00480.x
The Development of Corporate Charitable Contributions in the UK: A Stakeholder Analysis
resolves10.1111/j.1467-8608.2006.00424.x
Firm size, organizational visibility and corporate philanthropy: an empirical analysis
resolves10.1002/nvsm.129
Corporate giving
resolves10.5465/amr.2007.25275684
Why would corporations behave in socially responsible ways? an institutional theory of corporate social responsibility
resolves10.1007/s10551-007-9567-1
Corporate Charitable Contributions: A Corporate Social Performance or Legitimacy Strategy?
resolves10.1086/467038
Agency Problems and Residual Claims
resolves10.1002/9781118258439.ch12
Board Diversity
resolves10.1017/cbo9781139192675.003
THE STAKEHOLDER APPROACH
resolves10.2307/256026
Corporate Contributions: Altruistic or For-Profit?
resolves10.1007/s10551-009-0143-8
Does Social Performance Really Lead to Financial Performance? Accounting for Endogeneity
resolves10.1177/000765039703600102
The Corporate Social Performance and Corporate Financial Performance Debate
resolves10.5465/amr.2007.26586096
What's the difference? diversity constructs as separation, variety, or disparity in organizations
resolves10.5465/ame.1996.9606161554
Managing and partnering with external stakeholders
resolves10.5465/amr.2003.10196729
Boards of Directors and Firm Performance: Integrating Agency and Resource Dependence Perspectives
resolves10.1002/1097-0266(200101)22:2<125::aid-smj150>3.0.co;2-h
Shareholder value, stakeholder management, and social issues: what's the bottom line?
resolves10.1016/0304-405x(76)90026-x
Theory of the firm: Managerial behavior, agency costs and ownership structure
resolves10.1016/j.jbusres.2009.12.010
Women in top management and agency costs
resolves10.1002/smj.810
Is doing good good for you? how corporate charitable contributions enhance revenue growth
resolves10.2307/3556659
Misery Loves Companies: Rethinking Social Initiatives by Business
resolves10.1002/smj.2028
Who is governing whom? Executives, governance, and the structure of generosity in large U.S. firms
resolves10.1177/0007650305281939
Measurement of Corporate Social Action
resolves10.1086/296420
Why Do Corporations Give to Charity?
resolves10.1108/sd.2007.05623ead.006
Strategy and society: the link between competitive advantage and corporate social responsibility
resolves10.1515/9781503619692
Redefining the Corporation
resolves10.1177/0007650310394642
Green Governance: Boards of Directors’ Composition and Environmental Corporate Social Responsibility
resolves10.2307/1556374
RACIAL DIVERSITY, BUSINESS STRATEGY, AND FIRM PERFORMANCE: A RESOURCE-BASED VIEW.
resolves10.1002/smj.633
The impact of racial diversity on intermediate and long‐term performance: The moderating role of environmental context
resolves10.1002/smj.4250050203
Cognitive simplification processes in strategic decision‐making
resolves10.1023/A:1024199411807
Comparing Big Givers and Small Givers: Financial Correlates of Corporate Philanthropy
resolves10.1177/0007650304263919
Having, Giving, and Getting: Slack Resources, Corporate Philanthropy, and Firm Financial Performance
resolves10.2307/257057
CORPORATE SOCIAL PERFORMANCE AND ORGANIZATIONAL ATTRACTIVENESS TO PROSPECTIVE EMPLOYEES.
resolves10.1177/0899764011417719
May the Economic Downturn Affect Corporate Philanthropy? Exploring the Contribution Trends in Spanish and U.S. Companies
resolves10.1057/ijea.2009.43
Corporate giving to education during economic downturns: General trends and the difficulty of prediction
resolves10.2307/41165814
The Dynamics of Change in Corporate Community Relations
resolves10.1002/(sici)1097-0266(199704)18:4<303::aid-smj869>3.0.co;2-g
THE CORPORATE SOCIAL PERFORMANCE-FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE LINK
resolves10.1007/bf00872309
Board composition and corporate philanthropy
resolves10.1002/smj.4250050207
A resource‐based view of the firm
resolves10.1108/eb028831
STAKEHOLDER MISMATCHING: A THEORETICAL PROBLEM IN EMPIRICAL RESEARCH ON CORPORATE SOCIAL PERFORMANCE
resolves10.1007/s10551-009-0248-0
Corporate Philanthropic Giving, Advertising Intensity, and Industry Competition Level
The 17 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedHow companies respond to social demands
no DOI — not checkedref2
no DOI — not checkedref20
no DOI — not checkedCorporate Contributions to Charity: Nothing More than a Marketing Strategy?
no DOI — not checkedref25
no DOI — not checkedref30
no DOI — not checkedref33
no DOI — not checkedCritical mass on corporate boards: Why three or more women enhance governance
no DOI — not checkedref42
no DOI — not checkedThe competitive advantage of corporate philanthropy
no DOI — not checkedA flaw in the Sarbanes-Oxley Reform: Can diversity in the boardroom quell corporate corruption?
no DOI — not checkedref48
no DOI — not checkedThe economic theory of agency: The principal's problem
no DOI — not checkedref55
no DOI — not checkedref58
no DOI — not checkedref64
no DOI — not checkedWomen on board of directors and their influence on corporate philanthropy
What this badge says. CiteStamped means the CHECKABLE references of this work were clean at the dated check: each resolved to a known work in a public registry, and none carried a retraction notice at that time. It says nothing about the quality, findings, or importance of the work itself, and nothing about references deposited without a DOI.

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