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no DOI — not checkedMyth or reality? The long-run underperformance of initial public offerings: Evidence from venture and nonventure capital-backed companies
no DOI — not checkedValuation ratios and the long-run stock market outlook
no DOI — not checkedCan managers time the market? Evidence using repurchase price data
no DOI — not checkedref37
no DOI — not checkedUnderpricing and entrepreneurial wealth losses in IPOs: Theory and evidence
no DOI — not checkedThe long-run performance of initial public offerings
no DOI — not checkedFigure 3: Stock Market Valuation Ratios
no DOI — not checkedref61
no DOI — not checkedref62
no DOI — not checkedThe data cover the period from 1976Q1 to 2020Q4. is equal to one if firm i is actively traded for three years post IPO. Perm i,-k (Tran i,-k ) is a permanent (transitory) shock that occurred k quarters before firm i goes public. D i,IPO equals one if firm i is listed within three years. Idiosyncratic volatility (IdioVol) is the standard deviation of the residuals, obtained by regressing stock returns of an IPO firm on Fama-French five factors. We use the daily data for one year period since the IPO. MB (market equity over book equity), Leverage (book equity over the sum of book equity and book debt) and Profitability (ROE) are generated from the Compustat. The number in parentheses is the t-value computed using the heteroskedasticityautocorrelation-consistent standard error
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