Reference health
Understanding Ransom Kidnapping and its Duration
15/15 checkable references clean · checked 2026-09-02
Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.
10 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.
The 15 checked references that resolve
resolves10.38024/arpe.106
Should the Law Prohibit Paying Ransom to Kidnappers? Kidnapping|Binding Contracts|Aleinability of Life
resolves10.1007/s11698-008-0032-x
A cliometric analysis of the Aldo Moro kidnapping and assassination
resolves10.1111/j.1745-9125.1997.tb01230.x
SURVIVAL ANALYSIS AND SPECIFIC DETERRENCE: INTEGRATING THEORETICAL AND EMPIRICAL MODELS OF RECIDIVISM*
resolves10.2307/2938817
The Effectiveness of Antiterrorism Policies: A Vector-Autoregression-Intervention Analysis
resolves10.1177/0022343309339249
Hostage Taking: Determinants of Terrorist Logistical and Negotiation Success
resolves10.4324/9781315128788-9
Ransom Kidnapping in Sardinia, Subcultural Theory and Rational Choice
The 10 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedApprehension may, for example, occur long after the kidnapping; especially since law enforcement's information improves after the victim is released or the ransom-payment is arranged. Duration is driven more by benefits and maintenance costs. The primary shortcoming of the empirical results is that we are unable to identify how each of our independent variables affects the decision to kidnap. This selection bias can, for example, account for some of our inconclusive results. Additionally, we rely on kidnappings reported to law enforcement. This may exclude some express kidnappings completed in very short durations
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no DOI — not checkedTo bargain or not to bargain: That is the question
no DOI — not checkedDisrupting the business of kidnappings: How kidnapping harms the world economy and how governments can thwart kidnapping organizations
no DOI — not checkedSurvival analysis in medical research
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