Reference health
Understanding Causation in Private Securities Lawsuits: Building on Amgen
4/4 checkable references clean · checked 2026-08-28
Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.
7 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.
The 4 checked references that resolve
resolves10.2307/1340072
Constitutional Law. Freedom of Speech. Secondary School Teachers Have Right to Engage in Mild "Political" Expression in Classroom. James v. Board of Education, 461 F. 2d 566 (2d Cir.), Cert. Denied, 409 U. S. 1042 (1972); Russo v. Central School District No. 1, 469 F. 2d 623 (2d Cir. 1972), Cert. Denied, 41 U. S. L. W. 3554 (U. S. Apr. 16, 1973)
The 7 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedref2
no DOI — not checkedref3
no DOI — not checkedSee generally Patricia Groot, Note, Fraud on the Market Gets a Minitrial: Eisen Through In re IPO, 58 DUKE 108. Jason Kephart, Passive Investing: If It's Good Enough for CalPERS
no DOI — not checkedlisting percentages of passive investment for several large pension funds where the range for the top five for their equity portfolio was seventy-two to ninety-three percent
no DOI — not checkedref8
no DOI — not checkedInstitutional Industry Herding, 94
no DOI — not checkedref11
What this badge says. CiteStamped means the CHECKABLE references of this
work were clean at the dated check: each resolved to a known work in a public registry, and none
carried a retraction notice at that time. It says nothing about the quality, findings,
or importance of the work itself, and nothing about references deposited without a DOI.
checked 2026-08-28 — re-checked daily as this page is visited; titles and statuses come from Crossref and DataCite and are not part of the signed record
Embed this badge
Both snippets point at the live badge image and link back to this page. The badge re-renders from the daily check, so an embed never goes stale by more than a day of visits.
<a href="https://citestamp.com/citestamped/10.2139/ssrn.2349741"><img src="https://citestamp.com/citestamped/10.2139/ssrn.2349741/badge.svg" alt="CiteStamped reference-health badge" width="460" height="64"></a>
[](https://citestamp.com/citestamped/10.2139/ssrn.2349741)