Reference health
Databasing Delinquency
30/30 checkable references clean · checked 2026-08-27
Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.
98 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.
The 30 checked references that resolve
resolves10.1037/a0013241
An examination of the Sex Offender Registration and Notification Act as applied to juveniles: Evaluating the ability to predict sexual recidivism.
resolves10.2307/2571653
SOCIAL PATHOLOGY: A SYSTEMATIC APPROACH TO THE THEORY OR SOCIOPATHIC BEHAVIOR. By Edwin M. Lemert. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc., 1951. 459 pp. $4.50
resolves10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.u162198
Bottrall, (Francis James) Ronald, (2 Sept. 1906–25 June 1989)
resolves10.1016/j.jsp.2007.09.001
The discipline gap and African Americans: Defiance or cooperation in the high school classroom
resolves10.1525/fsr.2013.26.2.75
Remarks at the Annual Meeting of American Bar Association's House Of Delegates
resolves10.1111/ajcp.2016.57.issue-1pt2
resolves10.1037/0003-066x.63.9.852
Are zero tolerance policies effective in the schools?: An evidentiary review and recommendations.
resolves10.1017/cbo9781316151327.300
<i>In re</i> Société Française Radio-Electrique Et Compagnie Générale De T.S.F.
The 98 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
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no DOI — not checked106-386, 114 Stat. 1464 (codified in scattered sections of chapters 18, 22, 27 and 42 of the U.S.C.) (requiring sex offenders to report their enrollment in or employment at an institution of higher learning)
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no DOI — not checkedMinors and Privacy: Are Legal and Psychological Concepts Compatible?, 62 Neb
no DOI — not checkedThe Boundaries of Privacy Harm
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no DOI — not checkedThe Civil Case at the Heart of Criminal Procedure: In re Winship, Stigma, and the CivilCriminal Distinction, 38
no DOI — not checkedConceptualizing Stigma
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no DOI — not checkedOfficial Labeling, Criminal Embeddedness, and Subsequent Delinquency: A Longitudinal Test of Labeling Theory, 43
no DOI — not checkedThe Coming of the Super-Predators
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no DOI — not checkedNegative social labels stimulate antisocial behavior; they create the expectation that an individual will conform to the label and "play an important part in an individual's passage from merely having committed a questionable act to possessing a 'deviant character
no DOI — not checkedA Modified Labeling Theory Approach to Mental Disorders: An Empirical Assessment
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no DOI — not checkedThe Problem of Rap Sheet Errors
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no DOI — not checkedresponsible agencies systematically fail to adhere to policies requiring names to be purged after specified amounts of time without criminal or gang activity
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no DOI — not checkedCottage Grove Man Arrested on Suspicion of Burning House Intended for Sex Offender
no DOI — not checkedMarked: Race, Crime, and Finding Work in an Era of
no DOI — not checkedInvisible Punishment: An Instrument of Social Exclusion
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no DOI — not checkedArrests as Regulation, 67 Stan
no DOI — not checkedThere is substantial research showing that arrested youth are not only more likely to experience immediate negative consequences such as contact with the justice system, school failure and dropout, and family difficulties, but these problems are likely to reverberate long down the life course in terms of additional arrests, job instability, lower wages, longer bouts with unemployment, more relationship troubles
no DOI — not checked) (identifying thirty-eight states that allow employers to ask about arrests); see also U.S. Equal Emp't Opportunity Comm'n, Policy Guidance on the Consideration of Arrest Records in Employment Decisions Under Title VII of the Civil Rights 335
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no DOI — not checkedBut their primary job is to detect and prevent crime, and to catch offenders. 384. Anyone who has listened to the NPR podcast Serial will surely understand how seemingly stray pieces of information (was there a phone booth in a Maryland Best Buy parking lot in 1998?) can become key pieces of evidence in a criminal matter
no DOI — not checked(describing the NSA's warrantless collection of domestic e-mails and phone call content and the separate bulk metadata collection program
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no DOI — not checked) (mandating fingerprints from adults arrested for felonies and certain misdemeanors but only mandating fingerprints from juveniles for felonies or an offense of violence)
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no DOI — not checkedIn 2010, the mandatory community notification requirements were also removed from the SORNA Guidelines in response to juvenile advocates' arguments. Supplemental Guidelines for Sex Offender Registration and Notification, 75 Fed. Reg
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no DOI — not checked2009) (holding ten year juvenile sex offender registration requirement cruel and unusual punishment as
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no DOI — not checkedProposed Settlement Agreement at 4, United States v
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no DOI — not checkedYouth Opportunities Act Opens Doors to Thousands of Young Adults Across Washington State
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no DOI — not checkedbut are not required to do so. Halbrook, supra note 225, at 56. SORNA guidelines allow states to withhold information about juveniles from the public registry and still be considered to be in substantial compliance. Supplemental Guidelines for Sex Offender Registration and Notification
no DOI — not checkedBan the Box: U.S. Cities, Counties, and States Adopt Fair Hiring Policies to Reduce Unfair Barriers to Employment of People with Criminal Records
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work were clean at the dated check: each resolved to a known work in a public registry, and none
carried a retraction notice at that time. It says nothing about the quality, findings,
or importance of the work itself, and nothing about references deposited without a DOI.
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