Reference health

Voter Suppression or Voter Fraud in the 2014 US Elections?

https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2698229
CiteStamped reference-health badge
24/24 checkable references clean · checked 2026-08-29

Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.

88 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.

The 24 checked references that resolve
resolves10.1111/iar.12029
2013 Island Arc Award
resolves10.5040/9781782256632.ch-016
Form and Substance in Equitable RemediesI am grateful to Jeff Berryman for comments on an earlier version of this paper and to Brodie Noga for research assistance.
resolves10.1007/springerreference_75886
Pew Charitable Trusts
resolves10.2172/10134206
[Some basic research problems related to energy: Annual progress report]
resolves10.1017/s1537592716004382
Electoral Protest and Democracy in the Developing World. By Emily Beaulieu. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2014. 238p. $89.99 cloth, $34.99 paper.
resolves10.1093/benz/9780199773787.article.b00044625
Critchlow, Michael Bernard
resolves10.2172/1159105
Center for Multiscale Plasma Dynamics: Report on Activities (UCLA/MIT), 2009-2010
resolves10.18356/2e870a92-en
Introduction
resolves10.1097/00042871-200403000-00010
Nelda Wray Departs Veterans Administration
resolves10.5860/choice.50-4117
The voting wars: from Florida 2000 to the next election meltdown
resolves10.1111/j.1467-923x.2005.00700.x
First past the Postman: Voting by Mail in Comparative Perspective
resolves10.1002/j.1662-6370.2007.tb00075.x
The Impact of Postal Voting on Participation: Evidence for Switzerland
resolves10.2307/1946895
Appendix XI: The American Political Science Review
resolves10.1111/0038-4941.00015
Election Day Registration's Effect on U.S. Voter Turnout
resolves10.1177/1532673x9402200105
The Impact of Allowing Day of Registration Voting On Turnout in U.S. Elections From 1960 To 1992
resolves10.1017/pan.2017.32
Reflections from the Co-Editors
resolves10.1080/10371398908522093
A promotion
resolves10.1017/cbo9781107589117
The Measure of American Elections
resolves10.1017/cbo9781139226547
Evaluating Elections
resolves10.4324/9780203847800
Third Party Blues
resolves10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190603601.001.0001
Checkbook Elections?
The 88 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedref4
no DOI — not checkedref7
no DOI — not checkedref8
no DOI — not checkedref9
no DOI — not checkedref10
no DOI — not checkedref12
no DOI — not checkedref14
no DOI — not checked!'Can!experts!judge!elections?!Testing! the!validity!of!expert!judgments!for!measuring!election!integrity
no DOI — not checkedref16
no DOI — not checkedref17
no DOI — not checkedref19
no DOI — not checked!International$Obligations$for$Elections:$Guidelines$for$Legal$Frameworks
no DOI — not checkedref23
no DOI — not checked!'The!Carter!Center!and!election!observation:!An!obligationsUbased!approach! for!assessing!elections
no DOI — not checkedref25
no DOI — not checkedref26
no DOI — not checkedref28
no DOI — not checkedref29
no DOI — not checkedref30
no DOI — not checkedref31
no DOI — not checkedref32
no DOI — not checkedref33
no DOI — not checkedref35
no DOI — not checkedref36
no DOI — not checkedref39
no DOI — not checkedref40
no DOI — not checkedref41
no DOI — not checkedref43
no DOI — not checked!'Election!laws,!mobilization,! and!turnout:!The!unanticipated!consequences!of!election!reform
no DOI — not checked!'The!perverse!consequences!of!electoral!reform!in!the!United!States
no DOI — not checkedVoter!Registration!and!Turnout!in!the!United!States
no DOI — not checkedref47
no DOI — not checkedref48
no DOI — not checkedref49
no DOI — not checkedref50
no DOI — not checkedref51
no DOI — not checkedref52
no DOI — not checked!!'Election!laws,!mobilization,! and!turnout:!The!unanticipated!consequences!of!election!reform
no DOI — not checkedref54
no DOI — not checked!!'Election!laws,!mobilization,! and!turnout:!The!unanticipated!consequences!of!election!reform
no DOI — not checked!'Balancing!Fraud!Prevention!and!Electoral! Participation:!Attitudes!Toward!Voter!Identification
no DOI — not checkedref57
no DOI — not checkedref58
no DOI — not checkedref59
no DOI — not checkedref60
no DOI — not checkedref61
no DOI — not checkedref62
no DOI — not checked!'Jim!Crow!2?!Why!States!Consider!and!Adopt!Restrictive!Voter!Access! Policies
no DOI — not checked!'Easy!registration!and!voter!turnout
no DOI — not checkedref67
no DOI — not checkedDoes!'motor!voter'!work?
no DOI — not checkedref69
no DOI — not checkedref70
no DOI — not checkedref71
no DOI — not checkedref73
no DOI — not checkedref74
no DOI — not checkedref75
no DOI — not checked!!'Searching! for! electoral! irregularities! in! an! established! democracy:! Applying! Benford's! Law! tests! to! Bundestag! elections! in! Unified!Germany
no DOI — not checkedref77
no DOI — not checkedref78
no DOI — not checkedref79
no DOI — not checkedref80
no DOI — not checkedLaw!and!the!detection!of!election!fraud
no DOI — not checked! 'What!the!numbers!say:!a!digitUbased!test!for!election!fraud
no DOI — not checked!'Forensic!Analysis!of!Venezuelan!Elections!during!the!Chavez!Presidency
no DOI — not checked!!'Election!administration!and! perceptions!of!fair!elections
no DOI — not checked!'The!social!prerequisites!or!democracy
no DOI — not checkedref86
no DOI — not checkedref87
no DOI — not checked! 'Controlling! democracy:! The! principal! agent! problems! in! election! administration
no DOI — not checked!'Building!secure!and! transparent! elections! through! standard! operating! procedures
no DOI — not checkedref90
no DOI — not checkedref91
no DOI — not checked!'Building!secure!and!transparent!elections! through!standard!operating!procedures
no DOI — not checkedref96
no DOI — not checkedref97
no DOI — not checkedref98
no DOI — not checkedref101
no DOI — not checkedref102
no DOI — not checkedref103
no DOI — not checkedref104
no DOI — not checked!!'Election!administration! and!perceptions!of!fair!elections
no DOI — not checkedref107
no DOI — not checkedref108
no DOI — not checkedref109
no DOI — not checkedref110
no DOI — not checkedref111
no DOI — not checkedref112
What this badge says. CiteStamped means the CHECKABLE references of this work were clean at the dated check: each resolved to a known work in a public registry, and none carried a retraction notice at that time. It says nothing about the quality, findings, or importance of the work itself, and nothing about references deposited without a DOI.

checked 2026-08-29 — re-checked daily as this page is visited; titles and statuses come from Crossref and DataCite and are not part of the signed record

Embed this badge

Both snippets point at the live badge image and link back to this page. The badge re-renders from the daily check, so an embed never goes stale by more than a day of visits.

<a href="https://citestamp.com/citestamped/10.2139/ssrn.2698229"><img src="https://citestamp.com/citestamped/10.2139/ssrn.2698229/badge.svg" alt="CiteStamped reference-health badge" width="460" height="64"></a>
[![CiteStamped reference-health badge](https://citestamp.com/citestamped/10.2139/ssrn.2698229/badge.svg)](https://citestamp.com/citestamped/10.2139/ssrn.2698229)