Reference health
Partisan Polarization in the United States: Diagnoses and Avenues for Reform
22/22 checkable references clean · checked 2026-08-27
Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.
19 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.
The 22 checked references that resolve
resolves10.1017/s0003055410000316
Leapfrog Representation and Extremism: A Study of American Voters and Their Members in Congress
resolves10.1086/683453
Ideological Donors, Contribution Limits, and the Polarization of American Legislatures
resolves10.2307/2111212
Robustness of the Multidimensional Voting Model: Candidate Motivations, Uncertainty, and Convergence
resolves10.1086/424737
Beyond the Median: Voter Preferences, District Heterogeneity, and Political Representation
resolves10.1017/cbo9781316091906.010
Focus on Political Fragmentation, Not Polarization: Re-Empower Party Leadership
resolves10.1017/s0022381613000042
Measuring Constituent Policy Preferences in Congress, State Legislatures, and Cities
resolves10.2139/ssrn.2649215
Unequal Incomes, Ideology and Gridlock: How Rising Inequality Increases Political Polarization
The 19 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedCauses and Consequences of Polarization
no DOI — not checkedEvaluating the Impact of Redistricting on District Homogeneity, Political Competition, and Political Extremism in the US House of Representatives
no DOI — not checkedref9
no DOI — not checkedThe League of Dangerous Mapmakers
no DOI — not checkedref11
no DOI — not checkedref12
no DOI — not checkedref14
no DOI — not checkedref17
no DOI — not checkedref21
no DOI — not checkedref23
no DOI — not checkedCalifornia Sees Gridlock Ease in Governing
no DOI — not checkedFixing the System
no DOI — not checkedref27
no DOI — not checkedref31
no DOI — not checkedSpatial Diversity
no DOI — not checkedPowering Down
no DOI — not checkedThe Great Election Grab
no DOI — not checkedref38
no DOI — not checkedPrimary Colors: To Change Congress Start with the Primaries
What this badge says. CiteStamped means the CHECKABLE references of this
work were clean at the dated check: each resolved to a known work in a public registry, and none
carried a retraction notice at that time. It says nothing about the quality, findings,
or importance of the work itself, and nothing about references deposited without a DOI.
checked 2026-08-27 — re-checked daily as this page is visited; titles and statuses come from Crossref and DataCite and are not part of the signed record
Embed this badge
Both snippets point at the live badge image and link back to this page. The badge re-renders from the daily check, so an embed never goes stale by more than a day of visits.
<a href="https://citestamp.com/citestamped/10.2139/ssrn.2714013"><img src="https://citestamp.com/citestamped/10.2139/ssrn.2714013/badge.svg" alt="CiteStamped reference-health badge" width="460" height="64"></a>
[](https://citestamp.com/citestamped/10.2139/ssrn.2714013)