Reference health
Terry and SQF Viewed Through the Lens of the Suspicion Heuristic
2 of 38 checkable references need attention · checked 2026-08-27
At the dated check, the references listed below either did not resolve in Crossref or DataCite, or carried a retraction notice. Each one is shown with the registry record that put it there.
67 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.
References needing attention
does not resolve to a known work10.1037//0022-3514.60.6.817
does not resolve to a known work10.1037//1089-2699.6.1.101
The 36 checked references that resolve
resolves10.1017/cbo9780511616167.007
The Rise and Decline of Hard Drugs, Drug Markets, and Violence in Inner-City New York
resolves10.3886/icpsr21660.v1
New York Police Department (NYPD) Stop, Question, and Frisk Database, 2006
resolves10.1198/016214506000001040
An Analysis of the New York City Police Department's “Stop-and-Frisk” Policy in the Context of Claims of Racial Bias
resolves10.2139/ssrn.2572718
Precinct or Prejudice? Understanding Racial Disparities in New York City's Stop-and-Frisk Policy
resolves10.1037/0022-3514.92.6.1006
Across the thin blue line: Police officers and racial bias in the decision to shoot.
resolves10.1111/j.0956-7976.2005.00800.x
The Consequences of Race for Police Officers' Responses to Criminal Suspects
resolves10.2307/1342657
Constitutional Law. Free Speech Clause. Sixth Circuit Classifies Computer Source Code as Protected Speech. Junger v. Daley, 209 F.3d 481 (6th Cir. 2000)
resolves10.1111/j.0011-1348.2005.00012.x
POLICE SUSPICION AND DISCRETIONARY DECISION MAKING DURING CITIZEN STOPS*
resolves10.1109/fie.2016.7757560
Research culture in engineering faculty: Its effect on the attainment of graduate attributes
resolves10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.u25172
Lynch, Michael Richard, (16 June 1965–19 Aug. 2024), Founder, Invoke Capital, since 2012
resolves10.1111/1540-5893.3703002
The Role of Procedural Justice and Legitimacy in Shaping Public Support for Policing
resolves10.2139/ssrn.257813
Street Stops and Broken Windows: Terry, Race and Disorder in New York City
resolves10.18574/nyu/9780814776155.003.0020
Chapter 20. Preventing Racially Biased Policing through Internal and External Controls
resolves10.2307/785460
Municipal Corporations. Franchises. Power of Revocation. City of New York v. Montague, 124 N. Y. Supp., 959
The 67 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedThe Paradox of the Drug Elimination Program in New York City Public Housing, 13 GEO
no DOI — not checkedDo Police Matter? An Analysis of the Impact of New York City's Police Reforms
no DOI — not checkedThe Impact of Order-Maintenance Policing on New York City Homicide and Robbery Rates
no DOI — not checkedThe Impact of Police Stops on Precinct Robbery and Burglary Rates
no DOI — not checkedref6
no DOI — not checkedref12
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no DOI — not checkedref14
no DOI — not checkedref15
no DOI — not checkedFrisking Every Suspect: The Withering of Terry, 28 U
no DOI — not checkedref18
no DOI — not checkedSeeing Black: Race, Crime, and Visual Processing
no DOI — not checkedref22
no DOI — not checkedref24
no DOI — not checkedref25
no DOI — not checkedref26
no DOI — not checkedThe Influence of Stereotypes on Decisions to Shoot, 37
no DOI — not checkedsupra note 189; B. Michelle Peruche & E. Ashby Plant, The Correlates of Law Enforcement Officers' Automatic and Controlled Race-Based Responses to Criminal Suspects, 28 BASIC & APPLIED
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no DOI — not checkedat 480; see also Capers, supra note 186
no DOI — not checkedref49
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no DOI — not checkedref51
no DOI — not checkedDifferential Social Perception and Attribution of Intergroup Violence: Testing the Lower Limits of Stereotyping of Blacks
no DOI — not checkedThe Consequences of Race for Police Officers' Responses to Criminal Suspects
no DOI — not checkedref55
no DOI — not checkedReasonable but Unconstitutional: Racial Profiling and the Radical Objectivity of Whren v. United States, 83 GEO
no DOI — not checkedref59
no DOI — not checkedref60
no DOI — not checkedCrime and Neighborhood Change
no DOI — not checkedref65
no DOI — not checkedref67
no DOI — not checkedDeterminants of Police Growth in Phoenix
no DOI — not checkedref75
no DOI — not checkedHigher Crime? The Role of Racial Stereotypes in Evaluations of Neighborhood Crime, 107 AM
no DOI — not checkedref77
no DOI — not checkedLAW ENFORCEMENT IN A DEMOCRATIC SOCIETY 41 (1966); see also Jennifer Hunt, Police Accounts of Normal Force
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no DOI — not checkedref106
no DOI — not checkedAnguish: Freddie Gray, the Drug War, and the Decline of "Real Policing
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