Reference health
Election Stakeholder Forum for Free, Fair & Transparent Elections in Nigeria
4/4 checkable references clean · checked 2026-08-29
Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.
15 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.
The 4 checked references that resolve
resolves10.14217/9781848596962-22-en
INEC Guidelines for the Formation and Registration of Political Parties
resolves10.2139/ssrn.1116248
Reappraising the Greed and Grievance Explanations for Violent Internal Conflict
The 15 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedref1
no DOI — not checkedref2
no DOI — not checkedref3
no DOI — not checkedref4
no DOI — not checkedref5
no DOI — not checkedref8
no DOI — not checkedFunding of Political Parties and Candidates in Nigeria: Analysis of the Past and Present
no DOI — not checkedref10
no DOI — not checkedThe election of 1923 into the Legislative Council led to the formation of the first political party in the country, the Nigerian National Democratic Party (NNDP) under the leadership of Herbert Macaulay. Others followed: the Lagos Youth Movement, (1933) later Nigerian Youth Movement (1936). By 1947, the NNDP had been joined by the National Council of Nigeria and Cameroons, NCNC (later National Council of Nigerian Citizens), the Action Group (AG), the Northern Peoples' Congress (NPC). When the military handed over in 1979, the parties in existence were believed to have been reincarnations
no DOI — not checkedAction Group (AG) reincarnate)
no DOI — not checkedNational Council of Nigerian Citizens (NCNC) reincarnate)
no DOI — not checkedElection and Democratic Consolidation in Nigeria
no DOI — not checkedElection-Related Violence: Implications for Electoral Dispute Resolution
no DOI — not checkedMechanism for the Conduct of Free and Fair Elections in Nigeria: 1992 and Beyond
no DOI — not checkedref18
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