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Hidden Power of the Big Three? Passive Index Funds, Re-Concentration of Corporate Ownership, and New Financial Risk

https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2798653
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32/32 checkable references clean · checked 2026-08-28

Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.

30 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.

The 32 checked references that resolve
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8. Obamacare and the Theory of the Firm - Einer Elhauge
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Passive investors, not passive owners
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Institutional Investors and Concentration of Financial Power: Berle and Means Revisited
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Rhenish capitalism meets activist hedge funds: Blockholders and the impact of impatient capital
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Perpetual decline or persistent dominance? Uncovering Anglo-America’s true structural power in global finance
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Agency capitalism: further implications of equity intermediation
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The Globalization of Informal Violence, Theories of World Politics, and the “Liberalism of Fear”
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The 30 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
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no DOI — not checkedPassive investors are good corporate stewards
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no DOI — not checkedref13
no DOI — not checkedref14
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no DOI — not checkedref17
no DOI — not checkedHybrid Intermediaries
no DOI — not checkedWhy investors may need to lower their sights
no DOI — not checkedref28
no DOI — not checkedHorizontal Shareholding
no DOI — not checkedDemocratising finance: How passive funds changed investing
no DOI — not checkedref34
no DOI — not checkedInvestment: Vanguard's commanding position
no DOI — not checkedVanguard and BlackRock Plan to Get More Assertive With Their Investments
no DOI — not checkedref39
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no DOI — not checkedBig US fund managers fight off 'systemic' label
no DOI — not checkedInvestors Poured Record $236 Billion Into Vanguard Last Year
no DOI — not checkedref45
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no DOI — not checkedPassive' Investing Can Be a Lot More Active Than You Think
no DOI — not checkedref54
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no DOI — not checkedWoebegone Stock Pickers Vow: We Shall Return!
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