Reference health

25 Years of Real Option Empirical Research in Management

https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2908876
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7 of 85 checkable references need attention · checked 2026-08-27

At the dated check, the references listed below either did not resolve in Crossref or DataCite, or carried a retraction notice. Each one is shown with the registry record that put it there.

7 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.

References needing attention

does not resolve to a known work10.5465/amr.2004.11851715
does not resolve to a known work10.5465/amr.1993.9402210157
does not resolve to a known work10.5465/amr.1997.9711022113
does not resolve to a known work10.5465/amr.1999.1580438
does not resolve to a known work10.5465/256844
does not resolve to a known work10.1037//0033-295x.102.2.269
does not resolve to a known work10.5465/amr.2002.7566108
The 78 checked references that resolve
resolves10.1002/smj.1992
Firm heterogeneity in growth option value: The role of managerial incentives
resolves10.1177/0149206307307645
A Review of Approaches to Empirical Research on the Resource-Based View of the Firm†
resolves10.5465/amr.2008.32465698
An Attention-Based View of Real Options Reasoning
resolves10.1177/0149206309350776
Dynamic Capabilities: A Review of Past Research and an Agenda for the Future
resolves10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8400319
On the growth of foreign affiliates: multinational plant networks, joint ventures, and flexibility
resolves10.1057/jibs.2008.108
Real options and foreign affiliate divestments: A portfolio perspective
resolves10.1002/smj.2087
Multinationality and downside risk: The roles of option portfolio and organization
resolves10.1111/j.1467-6486.2009.00875.x
Acquisitions and Real Options: The Greenfield Alternative
resolves10.1177/0149206307300817
Boundaries of the Firm: Insights From International Entry Mode Research
resolves10.1111/j.1467-6486.2007.00753.x
Real Options, International Entry Mode Choice and Performance
resolves10.1057/jibs.2015.20
Explaining the internationalization of ibusiness firms
resolves10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8490023
Models of the Multinational Enterprise
resolves10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8490212
Multinational Investment under Uncertainty in the Chemical Processing Industries
resolves10.1057/jibs.2008.103
Determinants of the share of equity sought in cross-border acquisitions
resolves10.1002/(sici)1097-0266(200006)21:6<665::aid-smj109>3.0.co;2-0
Option to acquire or divest a joint venture
resolves10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8490136
Collaborative Ventures and Value of Learning: Integrating the Transaction Cost and Strategic Option Perspectives on the Choice of Market Entry Modes
resolves10.1057/jibs.2009.72
Subsidiary expansion/contraction during times of economic crisis
resolves10.1007/bf00434904
Perceiving competitive reactions: The value of accuracy (and paranoia)
resolves10.1002/smj.353
Alliance form: a test of the contractual and competence perspectives
resolves10.1002/smj.836
Why some firms never invest in formal R&amp;D
resolves10.1057/jibs.2009.17
What makes and what does not make a real option? A study of equity shares in international joint ventures
resolves10.1002/smj.2243
Real options in divestment alternatives
resolves10.2307/j.ctt7sncv
Investment under Uncertainty
resolves10.1111/j.1468-2370.2011.00304.x
Real Options in Management and Organizational Strategy: A Review of Decision‐making and Performance Implications
resolves10.5465/amp.2013.0039
Escalation of Commitment: When To Stay the Course?
resolves10.2307/2392145
Characteristics of Organizational Environments and Perceived Environmental Uncertainty
resolves10.1002/smj.2262
Time to exit: Rational, behavioral, and organizational delays
resolves10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8400362
Investment in new foreign subsidiaries under receding perception of uncertainty
resolves10.1002/smj.1999
The role of operational flexibility in the expansion of international production networks
resolves10.1002/(sici)1097-0266(1998110)19:11<1007::aid-smj999>3.3.co;2-#
Governance and uncertainty: the trade‐off between administrative control and commitment
resolves10.1287/mnsc.1090.1094
Hybrid Entrepreneurship
resolves10.1002/smj.209
Real options in equity partnerships
resolves10.1002/smj.368
Entry in the presence of dueling options
resolves10.1080/02671520701296189
Weight of Evidence: a framework for the appraisal of the quality and relevance of evidence
resolves10.1002/smj.910
Global equity offerings, corporate valuation, and subsequent international diversification
resolves10.1002/smj.2085
Fast‐mover advantages: Speed capabilities and entry into the emerging submarket of atlantic basin LNG
resolves10.1002/smj.4250130202
Calls on high‐technology: Japanese exploration of venture capital investments in the United States
resolves10.5465/ame.2004.15268687
Can real-options analysis improve decision-making? Promises and pitfalls
resolves10.1057/jibs.2008.71
Licensing duration in foreign markets: A real options perspective
resolves10.1287/orsc.7.3.283
Technological Platforms and Diversification
resolves10.5465/amj.2012.0703
Real Options Logic Revisited: The Performance Effects of Alternative Resource Allocation Regimes
resolves10.1287/mnsc.37.1.19
Joint Ventures and the Option to Expand and Acquire
resolves10.1287/mnsc.40.1.123
Operating Flexibility, Global Manufacturing, and the Option Value of a Multinational Network
resolves10.5465/amp.24.2.65
Real Options and Strategic Investment Decisions: Can They Be of Use to Scholars?
resolves10.1002/smj.449
The value from acquiring and divesting a joint venture: a real options approach
resolves10.1002/smj.742
Flexibility in internationalization: is it valuable during an economic crisis?
resolves10.1057/jibs.2008.79
The effect of domestic uncertainty on the real options value of international investments
resolves10.1002/smj.340
An empirical examination of transaction‐ and firm‐level influences on the vertical boundaries of the firm
resolves10.1016/s0742-3322(07)24003-3
Real Options Theory and International Strategy: A Critical Review
resolves10.1057/jibs.2010.25
Flexibility versus commitment: MNEs’ ownership strategy in China
resolves10.1002/smj.2073
Venture capitalists' decision to withdraw: The role of portfolio configuration from a real options lens
resolves10.1287/mnsc.1110.1380
Intellectual Capital and Financing Decisions: Evidence from the U.S. Patent Data
resolves10.1002/smj.358
Real options reasoning and a new look at the R&amp;D investment strategies of pharmaceutical firms
resolves10.1002/smj.244
Option value and entry timing
resolves10.1002/smj.374
An empirical test of heuristics and biases affecting real option valuation
resolves10.1111/j.1460-8545.2004.00099.x
Real R&amp;D options<sup>1</sup>
resolves10.1002/smj.664
Uncertainty and the market valuation of R&amp;D within a real options logic
resolves10.5465/amj.2012.0522
Should I Quit My Day Job?: A Hybrid Path to Entrepreneurship
resolves10.2307/1556377
DOWNSIDE RISK IMPLICATIONS OF MULTINATIONALITY AND INTERNATIONAL JOINT VENTURES.
resolves10.1177/0149206304272184
Real Options in International Joint Ventures
resolves10.1016/s0742-3322(07)24005-7
How Do Real Options Matter? Empirical Research on Strategic Investments and Firm Performance
resolves10.1287/orsc.1080.0397
Discovering Valuable Growth Opportunities: An Analysis of Equity Alliances with IPO Firms
resolves10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8490138
Foreign Direct Investment and Investment under Uncertainty
resolves10.1002/smj.506
The effect of uncertainty and asset co‐specialization on governance in biotechnology alliances
resolves10.2307/3069455
ORGANIZATIONAL CONTEXT AS A MODERATOR OF THEORIES ON FIRM BOUNDARIES FOR TECHNOLOGY SOURCING.
resolves10.1002/smj.2061
The assignment of call option rights between partners in international joint ventures
resolves10.1287/orsc.1100.0551
Real Options and Investment Mode: Evidence from Corporate Venture Capital and Acquisition
resolves10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8400260
Real options in multinational corporations: organizational challenges and risk implications
resolves10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8400355
How much does country matter? An analysis of firms’ growth options
resolves10.5465/amj.2008.34789680
International Joint Ventures and The Value of Growth Options
resolves10.2307/3665939
Real Options and Interactions with Financial Flexibility
resolves10.2307/2331148
The Nature of Option Interactions and the Valuation of Investments with Multiple Real Options
resolves10.1002/smj.414
Non‐additivity in portfolios of exploration activities: a real options‐based analysis of equity alliances in biotechnology
resolves10.1002/smj.493
The choice among acquisitions, alliances, and divestitures
resolves10.1177/0149206305280108
Managing Uncertainty in a Formal Standards-Based Industry: A Real Options Perspective on Acquisition Timing
resolves10.1057/jibs.2009.16
A real options perspective on sequential acquisitions in China
resolves10.1002/smj.2190
The relationship between portfolio diversification and firm value: The evidence from corporate venture capital activity
resolves10.1287/mnsc.1070.0705
Real Options in Technology Licensing
The 7 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedref10
no DOI — not checkedref23
no DOI — not checkedStrategy under uncertainty
no DOI — not checkedref63
no DOI — not checkedStrategic flexibility, firm organization, and managerial work in dynamic markets: A strategic-options perspective
no DOI — not checkedref83
no DOI — not checkedref88
What this badge says. CiteStamped means the CHECKABLE references of this work were clean at the dated check: each resolved to a known work in a public registry, and none carried a retraction notice at that time. It says nothing about the quality, findings, or importance of the work itself, and nothing about references deposited without a DOI.

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