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The Race Between Deterrence and Displacement: Theory and Evidence from Bank Robberies
26/26 checkable references clean · checked 2026-08-27
Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.
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The 26 checked references that resolve
resolves10.1016/j.jebo.2017.03.023
Crime protection investment spillovers: Theory and evidence from the City of Buenos Aires
resolves10.3386/w5928
Measuring Positive Externalities from Unobservable Victim Precaution: An Empirical Analysis of Lojack
resolves10.1257/pol.6.1.1
The Incapacitation Effect of Incarceration: Evidence from Several Italian Collective Pardons
resolves10.1007/s11292-011-9134-8
Spatial displacement and diffusion of benefits among geographically focused policing initiatives: a meta-analytical review
resolves10.1007/s11292-005-8133-z
Hot spots policing and crime prevention: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials
resolves10.1111/j.1745-9125.1999.tb00496.x
PROBLEM‐ORIENTED POLICING IN VIOLENT CRIME PLACES: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED EXPERIMENT*
resolves10.1111/j.0020-6598.2004.00283.x
AN ON‐THE‐JOB SEARCH MODEL OF CRIME, INEQUALITY, AND UNEMPLOYMENT*
resolves10.1111/j.1467-6435.1988.tb02311.x
The Economics of Crime Deterrence: A Survey of Theory and Evidence
resolves10.1257/000282804322970733
Do Police Reduce Crime? Estimates Using the Allocation of Police Forces After a Terrorist Attack
resolves10.1257/aer.101.5.2157
Panic on the Streets of London: Police, Crime, and the July 2005 Terror Attacks
resolves10.1108/s0731-905320170000038005
The Deterrence Effect of Prison: Dynamic Theory and Evidence
resolves10.2139/ssrn.2989914
Crime is Terribly Revealing: Information Technology and Police Productivity
resolves10.1016/j.jeem.2016.11.001
Temporal displacement of environmental crime: Evidence from marine oil pollution
resolves10.1111/j.1468-0297.2011.02429.x
Does Regulation of Built‐in Security Reduce Crime? Evidence from a Natural Experiment
resolves10.7717/peerj.3867/table-4
Table 4: External validation statistics obtained from regression equations of laboratory values of CP, NDF, ADF and WSC contents (% DM) in Italian ryegrass and NIRS predicted values for the validation set.
The 8 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedref11
no DOI — not checkedPublic services, private substitutes, and the demand for protection against crime
no DOI — not checkedref15
no DOI — not checkedSocial osmosis and patterns of crime: A dynamic economic analysis
no DOI — not checked711735. A Proofs Lemma 1. Bank i will hire a guard only if all banks j < i hire guards
no DOI — not checkedref30
no DOI — not checkedg ?i ) = ?(1, g ?i ) for all values ofg ?i . Without loss of generality, we can call this ?(0)
no DOI — not checkedref32
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