Reference health
Students Are Almost as Effective as Professors in University Teaching
20/20 checkable references clean · checked 2026-08-28
Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.
3 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.
The 20 checked references that resolve
resolves10.1198/016214508000000841
Multiple Inference and Gender Differences in the Effects of Early Intervention: A Reevaluation of the Abecedarian, Perry Preschool, and Early Training Projects
resolves10.1093/biomet/93.3.491
Adaptive linear step-up procedures that control the false discovery rate
resolves10.1016/j.econedurev.2016.01.005
When inputs are outputs: The case of graduate student instructors
resolves10.1162/rest_a_00014
Does Cheaper Mean Better? The Impact of Using Adjunct Instructors on Student Outcomes
resolves10.1257/aer.90.2.355
Foreign-Born Teaching Assistants and the Academic Performance of Undergraduates
resolves10.1086/653808
Does Professor Quality Matter? Evidence from Random Assignment of Students to Professors
resolves10.1257/aer.104.9.2593
Measuring the Impacts of Teachers I: Evaluating Bias in Teacher Value-Added Estimates
resolves10.1257/aer.104.9.2633
Measuring the Impacts of Teachers II: Teacher Value-Added and Student Outcomes in Adulthood
resolves10.1257/aer.104.8.2567
A Community College Instructor Like Me: Race and Ethnicity Interactions in the Classroom
resolves10.1086/689472
Understanding Peer Effects: On the Nature, Estimation, and Channels of Peer Effects
resolves10.1353/jhr.2009.0008
Class Size Reduction and Student Achievement: The Potential Tradeoff between Teacher Quality and Class Size
The 3 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedref2
no DOI — not checkedref22
no DOI — not checkedEach regression includes a PhD student instructor (unreported) dummy and the base group is senior instructor. Other characteristics include student GPA before taking the course, instructor gender and nationality, student gender and nationality, and a cubic polynomial for student age. All regressions condition on time-of-day and day-of-week fixed effects as well as course & other course combination fixed effects. Robust standard errors clustered at the instructor level in parentheses
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