Reference health
Passive Investors
9/9 checkable references clean · checked 2026-09-01
Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.
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The 9 checked references that resolve
resolves10.5040/9781784514471.chapterg5
Positioning internal audit for effective CSR and ESG
This chapter first appeared as Chambers, AD (2015) ‘Positioning Internal Audit for Effective CSR and ESG – Scope, Competence and Reporting’ 30(3) Internal Auditing, May/June, 5–13, ISSN 0897-0378, © Thomson Reuters/Tax & Accounting.
,
ESG – Environmental, social and governance; CSR – Corporate Social Responsibility. Available at
https://www.globalreporting.org/information/sustainability-reporting/Pages/default.aspx
, accessed 5 December 2016.
resolves10.2139/ssrn.1397208
Comovement of Newly Added Stocks with National Market Indices: Evidence from Around the World
The 46 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
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no DOI — not checkedBlackRock had increased the size of its governance staff to 31 persons
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no DOI — not checkedShareholder Divorce Court, 44
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no DOI — not checkedOn the perils of regulating proxy advisors, see generally Asaf Eckstein, Great Expectations: The Peril of an Expectations Gap in Proxy Advisory Firm Regulation, 40 DEL
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no DOI — not checkedMore Institutional Investors Throw Weight into Fight Against Climate Change
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no DOI — not checkedRaising the Stakes on Board Gender Diversity
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no DOI — not checkedfinding that index investing introduces noise into stock prices, but does not impact long-term price efficiency or trading by arbitrageurs
no DOI — not checkedOne study, for example, found that an increase in holdings by exchange traded funds is associated with less firm-level price efficiency. See Doron Israeli, Charles M. C. Lee & Suhas A. Sridharan, Is There a Dark Side to Exchange Traded Funds? An Information Perspective
no DOI — not checkeda market in which everyone has equal information, it must pay off for someone to make the extra effort to obtain superior information
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no DOI — not checkedidentifying various limitations on effective shareholder voting that are inconsistent with a contractual understanding of the corporation); see also Scott Hirst, Frozen Charters, 34 YALE
no DOI — not checked98 companies newly listed on U.S. exchanges had dual class IPOs
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no DOI — not checkedState Street Blasts Snap Over Lack of Shareholder Voting Rights
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no DOI — not checkednot simply passive funds, although the rise of passive investing increases the frequency of cross-ownership. See Chris Brooks, Zhong Chen & Yeqin Zeng, Institutional Cross-Ownership and Corporate Strategy: The Case of Mergers and Acquisitions
no DOI — not checkedSimilar concerns were raised about the HP-Compaq merger and, indeed, Walter Hewitt, a substantial HP shareholder, successfully filed litigation challenging the merger. Hewlett v. Hewlett-Packard Co
no DOI — not checkedFor a further discussion of Delaware's redefinition of these standards to an arguably lower level, see generally
no DOI — not checkedref47
no DOI — not checkedAnswering Brief in Opposition to Defendants' Motion to Dismiss the Second Amended Complaint at 23-24, In re Tesla Motors
no DOI — not checkedTesla's top 25 institutional shareholders, which collectively held 45.7% of Tesla's stock, also owned shares in Solar City
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no DOI — not checkedAt least one study found that institutional investors' ownership of both bidders and targets affects their voting on acquisitions. See Gregor Matvos & Michael Ostrovsky, Cross-ownership, Returns, and Voting in Mergers
no DOI — not checkedfinding that acquirers with higher institutional cross-ownership pay lower premiums for targets and tend to use stock as the method of payment). In contrast, a study focusing on the years 1984-2006 found no effect on vote outcomes or deal characteristics
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