At the dated check, the references listed below either did not resolve in
Crossref or DataCite, or carried a retraction notice. Each one is shown with the
registry record that put it there.
The 43 checked references that resolve
resolves10.2139/ssrn.3059439Closing Heaven's Door: Evidence from the 1920s U.S. Immigration Quota Acts
resolves10.1086/381474Political Jurisdictions in Heterogeneous Communities
resolves10.1111/ecoj.12624Nation-building Through Compulsory Schooling during the Age of Mass Migration
resolves10.1257/aer.101.7.3019School Desegregation, School Choice, and Changes in Residential Location Patterns by Race
resolves10.1257/pol.20150394Gridlock: Ethnic Diversity in Government and the Provision of Public Goods
resolves10.1257/aer.20120642The Impact of the Great Migration on Mortality of African Americans: Evidence from the Deep South
resolves10.1257/aer.102.3.238Moving to Higher Ground: Migration Response to Natural Disasters in the Early Twentieth Century
resolves10.1086/209979Immigrant Inflows, Native Outflows, and the Local Labor Market Impacts of Higher Immigration
resolves10.1257/pol.4.3.91Cracks in the Melting Pot: Immigration, School Choice, and Segregation
resolves10.3886/icpsr08611.v1Electoral Data for Counties in the United States: Presidential and Congressional Races, 1840-1972
resolves10.3386/w21384The Great Migration in Black and White: New Evidence on the Selection and Sorting of Southern Migrants
resolves10.3386/w11295Is the Melting Pot Still Hot? Explaining the Resurgence of Immigrant Segregation
resolves10.1086/665800Ethnic Diversity and Preferences for Redistribution
resolves10.2139/ssrn.3242111From Immigrants to Americans: Race and Assimilation during the Great Migration
resolves10.1257/aer.103.3.232Achieving Escape Velocity: Neighborhood and School Interventions to Reduce Persistent Inequality
resolves10.3386/w4345The Political Economy of Immigration Restriction in the United States, 1890 to 1921
resolves10.1257/aer.104.3.963When the Levee Breaks: Black Migration and Economic Development in the American South
resolves10.3386/w24285Shift-Share Instruments and the Impact of Immigration
resolves10.1111/sjoe.12209Revisiting the Relationship between Ethnic Diversity and Preferences for Redistribution: Comment
resolves10.1093/restud/rdz027Gifts of the Immigrants, Woes of the Natives: Lessons from the Age of Mass Migration
The 28 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedref7
no DOI — not checkedSchool Desegregation and Urban Change: Evidence from City Boundaries
no DOI — not checkedref19
no DOI — not checkedref20
no DOI — not checkedSelection and Income Gains in the Great Migration of African Americans
no DOI — not checkedref31
no DOI — not checkedref33
no DOI — not checkedref34
no DOI — not checkedref37
no DOI — not checkedref38
no DOI — not checkedref44
no DOI — not checkedHistorical, Demographic, Economic, and Social Data: The United States
no DOI — not checkedDemographic Trends in the 20th Century
no DOI — not checkedref50
no DOI — not checkedReducing Inequality: Neighborhood and School Interventions
no DOI — not checkedTechnical Change and the Relative Demand for Skilled Labor: The United States in Historical Perspective
no DOI — not checkedThe changing geography of US poverty
no DOI — not checkedMethodological Considerations and Reference Tables
no DOI — not checkedref59
no DOI — not checkedref60
no DOI — not checkedref62
no DOI — not checkedref63
no DOI — not checkedImmigration and the Neighborhood
no DOI — not checkedRacial Sorting and the Emergence of Segregation in American Cities
no DOI — not checkedref67
no DOI — not checkedref69
no DOI — not checkedref71
no DOI — not checkedref72
checked 2026-08-24 — re-checked daily as this page is visited;
titles and statuses come from Crossref and DataCite and are not part of the signed record
Both snippets point at the live badge image and link back to this page. The
badge re-renders from the daily check, so an embed never goes stale by more than a day of visits.