Reference health
Did the Paycheck Protection Program Hit the Target?
18/18 checkable references clean · checked 2026-07-25
Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.
36 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.
The 18 checked references that resolve
resolves10.1086/691701
Policy Intervention in Debt Renegotiation: Evidence from the Home Affordable Modification Program
resolves10.3386/w27623
When Should Public Programs be Privately Administered? Theory and Evidence from the Paycheck Protection Program
resolves10.1093/qje/qjt031
The Employment Effects of Credit Market Disruptions: Firm-level Evidence from the 2008–9 Financial Crisis
*
resolves10.3386/w27659
Does FinTech Substitute for Banks? Evidence from the Paycheck Protection Program
resolves10.1257/aer.98.3.737
Temporary Investment Tax Incentives: Theory with Evidence from Bonus Depreciation
resolves10.3386/w28286
Who Supplies PPP Loans (And Does it Matter)? Banks, Relationships and the COVID Crisis
resolves10.1093/qje/qjs024
The Effects of Fiscal Stimulus: Evidence from the 2009 Cash for Clunkers Program*
The 36 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedref2
no DOI — not checkedref4
no DOI — not checkedref5
no DOI — not checkedGovernment Guarantees and the Valuation of American Banks
no DOI — not checkedref7
no DOI — not checkedLoan Guarantees and Credit Supply
no DOI — not checkedref9
no DOI — not checkedref10
no DOI — not checkedref11
no DOI — not checkedMeasuring the labor market at the onset of the COVID-19 crisis
no DOI — not checkedref14
no DOI — not checkedref15
no DOI — not checkedref16
no DOI — not checkedref17
no DOI — not checkedGeographic Cross-Sectional Fiscal Spending Multipliers: What Have We Learned
no DOI — not checkedref21
no DOI — not checkedref22
no DOI — not checkedref23
no DOI — not checkedref26
no DOI — not checkedref28
no DOI — not checkedref31
no DOI — not checkedref32
no DOI — not checkedref33
no DOI — not checkedDid FinTech Lenders Facilitate PPP Fraud?
no DOI — not checkedBusiness Continuity Insurance and Business Continuity Loans: Keeping America's Lights on During the Pandemic
no DOI — not checkedBusiness Credit Programs in the Pandemic Era
no DOI — not checkedHas the Paycheck Protection Program Succeeded?
no DOI — not checkedref39
no DOI — not checkedBank Incentives and the Impact of the Paycheck Protection Program
no DOI — not checkedref41
no DOI — not checkedref46
no DOI — not checkedCredit Guarantees and New Bank Relationships
no DOI — not checkedLimited Information, Credit Rationing, and Optimal Government Lending Policy
no DOI — not checkedWe Were Economic First Responders
no DOI — not checkedCredit Rationing in Markets with Imperfect Information
no DOI — not checkedIs it too late to automate? How to get started with PPP lending
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work were clean at the dated check: each resolved to a known work in a public registry, and none
carried a retraction notice at that time. It says nothing about the quality, findings,
or importance of the work itself, and nothing about references deposited without a DOI.
checked 2026-07-25 — re-checked daily as this page is visited; titles and statuses come from Crossref and DataCite and are not part of the signed record
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