Reference health
Patent, Screening, Innovation and Welfare
53/53 checkable references clean · checked 2026-08-11
Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.
17 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.
The 53 checked references that resolve
resolves10.1016/s0048-7333(98)00033-x
What percentage of innovations are patented? empirical estimates for European firms
resolves10.3386/w7552
Protecting Their Intellectual Assets: Appropriability Conditions and Why U.S. Manufacturing Firms Patent (or Not)
resolves10.1162/rest_a_00605
Is the Time Allocated to Review Patent Applications Inducing Examiners to Grant Invalid Patents? Evidence from Microlevel Application Data
resolves10.3386/w8807
Post-Issue Patent "Quality Control": A Comparative Study of US Patent Re-examinations and European Patent Oppositions
resolves10.1126/science.280.5364.698
Can Patents Deter Innovation? The Anticommons in Biomedical Research
resolves10.2139/ssrn.392202
The Case for Registering Patents and the Law and Economics of Present Patent-Obtaining Rules
resolves10.1111/1467-937X.00064
Patent Protection in the Shadow of Infringement: Simulation Estimations of Patent Value
resolves10.2307/1912835
Patents as Options: Some Estimates of the Value of Holding European Patent Stocks
resolves10.2307/2233173
Estimates of the Value of Patent Rights in European Countries During the Post-1950 Period
resolves10.1111/joie.12029
Inventors and Impostors: An Analysis of Patent Examination with Self‐Selection of Firms into R&D
resolves10.2307/2555929
Protecting Early Innovators: Should Second-Generation Products be Patentable?
resolves10.1017/9781316443057.027
Joseph Farrell and Suzanne Scotchmer, “Partnerships” (1988) and Bryan Ellickson, Birgit Grodal, Suzanne Scotchmer, and William R. Zame, “Clubs and the Market” (1999)
The 17 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedUnderstanding the Realities of Modern Patent Litigation
no DOI — not checkedref9
no DOI — not checkedInventing Invention: A Case Study of Legal Innovation
no DOI — not checkedObvious to Whom -Evaluating Inventions from the Perspective of PHOSITA
no DOI — not checkedIncentives to Challenge and Defend Patents: Why Litigation Won't Reliably Fix Patent Office Errors and Why Administrative Patent Review Might Help
no DOI — not checkedTo Promote Innovation: The Proper Balance Between Competition and Patent Law and Policy
no DOI — not checkedref43
no DOI — not checkedref46
no DOI — not checkedBurdens of Proof: Degrees of Belief, Quanta of Evidence, or Constitutional Guarantees?
no DOI — not checkedUncertainty and the Standard of Patentability
no DOI — not checkedPatent Carrots and Sticks: A Model of Nonobviousness
no DOI — not checkedref55
no DOI — not checkedTime to Fix Patents
no DOI — not checkedref67
no DOI — not checkedref68
no DOI — not checkedref69
no DOI — not checkedref70
What this badge says. CiteStamped means the CHECKABLE references of this
work were clean at the dated check: each resolved to a known work in a public registry, and none
carried a retraction notice at that time. It says nothing about the quality, findings,
or importance of the work itself, and nothing about references deposited without a DOI.
checked 2026-08-11 — re-checked daily as this page is visited; titles and statuses come from Crossref and DataCite and are not part of the signed record
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