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Cross-Border Factors Behind Social Unrest in Africa: An Analysis of Biofuel Production, Oil Price, Speculations, and the Us Dollar Index

https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4070562
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27/27 checkable references clean · checked 2026-08-27

Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.

35 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.

The 27 checked references that resolve
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How the international media framed ‘food riots’ during the global food crises of 2007–12
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Devil or Angel? The Role of Speculation in the Recent Commodity Price Boom (and Bust)
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Testing the null hypothesis of stationarity against the alternative of a unit root
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Quasi-Likelihood Functions
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Disentangling Corn Price Volatility: The Role of Global Demand, Speculation, and Energy
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Generalized Linear Models
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The 35 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedWhat's Driving Food Prices? Farm Foundation
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no DOI — not checkedFood Prices, Ethics and Forms of Speculation
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no DOI — not checkedThe Impact on World Price of Cereals and Oilseeds of Export Restriction Policies
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no DOI — not checkedFood and Agriculture Data -FAOSTAT
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no DOI — not checkedThe impact of speculation on commodity futures markets -A review of the findings of 100 empirical studies
no DOI — not checkedAnatomy of a crisis: the causes and consequences of surging food prices
no DOI — not checkedGrievance and Opportunity: Food Prices, Political Regime, and Protest
no DOI — not checkedInternational Rice Research Institute (IRRI)
no DOI — not checkedFrom global to local, food insecurity is associated with contemporary armed conflicts
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no DOI — not checkedThe Tobin Tax: A Review of the Evidence
no DOI — not checkedCauses & implications of the food price surge. Food and Agricultural Policy Research Institute (FAPRI) December 12-08
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no DOI — not checkedHigh Food Prices: The What, Who, and How of Proposed Policy Actions
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