Reference health
<div> Cartel fines in India 2009-2021:&nbsp;<span>The role of recidivism and fining metrics</span> </div>
26/26 checkable references clean · checked 2026-08-28
Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.
25 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.
The 26 checked references that resolve
resolves10.1080/24730580.2022.2140909
Sweeter carrots, same stick: transplanting leniency plus into Indian competition law
resolves10.1007/978-3-031-24938-9_9
Neither Crime Nor (Much) Punishment: India’s Cartel Penalty Practices
resolves10.1016/S0573-8555(06)82004-3
Chapter 4 Optimal Fines in the Era of Whistleblowers. Should Price Fixers still Go to Prison?
resolves10.1007/s10842-006-0028-9
Effectiveness of Antitrust Sanctions on Modern International Cartels
resolves10.1111/joie.12014
Corporate Leniency Programs when Firms have Private Information: The Push of Prosecution and the Pull of Pre‐emption
resolves10.1016/j.ijindorg.2015.07.007
Penalizing cartels: The case for basing penalties on price overcharge
resolves10.1007/s11151-019-09738-x
Penalising on the Basis of the Severity of the Offence: A Sophisticated Revenue-Based Cartel Penalty
resolves10.1016/j.ijindorg.2012.04.004
Leniency programs for multimarket firms: The effect of Amnesty Plus on cartel formation
resolves10.1007/s11151-022-09862-1
Characteristics of Prosecuted Cartels and Cartel Enforcement in South Africa
resolves10.1111/joie.12155
Cartel Attributes and Cartel Performance: The Impact of Trade Associations
The 25 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedref1
no DOI — not checkedThe CCI's Leniency Program: Shortcomings and Solutions
no DOI — not checkedRelative Performance Evaluation, Sabotage and Collusion
no DOI — not checkedThe Drivers of Antitrust Effectiveness
no DOI — not checkedWhy India Adopted a New Competition Law
no DOI — not checkedRecidivism Revealed: Private International Cartels 1990-2009
no DOI — not checkedref17
no DOI — not checkedWhat can the duration of discovered cartels tell us about the duration of all cartels?
no DOI — not checkedImpact of MRTP act for development of nation-a study
no DOI — not checkedref22
no DOI — not checkedref27
no DOI — not checkedref29
no DOI — not checkedThe EU Leniency Programme and Recidivism
no DOI — not checkedLeniency Inflation, Cartel Damages, and Criminalization
no DOI — not checkedref36
no DOI — not checkedThe MRTP amendment bill: A trojan horse
no DOI — not checkedIndia's New Competition Regime Steadily Gaining Ground
no DOI — not checkedCartel leniency programme in india-why no race here?
no DOI — not checkedref44
no DOI — not checkedLeniency and Whistleblowers in Antitrust
no DOI — not checkedref46
no DOI — not checkedref47
no DOI — not checkedref48
no DOI — not checkedA Principled Argument for Personal Criminal Sanctions as Punishment Under EC Cartel Law
no DOI — not checkedref51
What this badge says. CiteStamped means the CHECKABLE references of this
work were clean at the dated check: each resolved to a known work in a public registry, and none
carried a retraction notice at that time. It says nothing about the quality, findings,
or importance of the work itself, and nothing about references deposited without a DOI.
checked 2026-08-28 — re-checked daily as this page is visited; titles and statuses come from Crossref and DataCite and are not part of the signed record
Embed this badge
Both snippets point at the live badge image and link back to this page. The badge re-renders from the daily check, so an embed never goes stale by more than a day of visits.
<a href="https://citestamp.com/citestamped/10.2139/ssrn.4071152"><img src="https://citestamp.com/citestamped/10.2139/ssrn.4071152/badge.svg" alt="CiteStamped reference-health badge" width="460" height="64"></a>
[](https://citestamp.com/citestamped/10.2139/ssrn.4071152)