Reference health
A young versus an older messenger: Effective health communication during the COVID-19 pandemic
22/22 checkable references clean · checked 2026-08-28
Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.
20 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.
The 22 checked references that resolve
resolves10.1371/journal.pone.0245100
The effect of spokesperson attribution on public health message sharing during the COVID-19 pandemic
resolves10.1111/j.1559-1816.2009.00485.x
From Intentions to Behavior: Implementation Intention, Commitment, and Conscientiousness<sup>1</sup>
resolves10.1016/j.ajic.2007.09.007
Gender and ethnic differences in hand hygiene practices among college students
resolves10.30636/jbpa.31.158
To shop or shelter? Issue framing effects and social-distancing preferences in the COVID-19 pandemic
resolves10.1073/pnas.2012520117
Gender differences in COVID-19 attitudes and behavior: Panel evidence from eight countries
resolves10.1007/s12144-017-9717-2
Exploring the Role of Messenger Effects and Feedback Frames in Promoting Uptake of Energy-Efficient Technologies
resolves10.1007/s10389-017-0798-z
Gender influence on health and risk behavior in primary prevention: a systematic review
resolves10.1080/00913367.1982.10672807
The Credibility of Physically Attractive Communicators: A Review
resolves10.1111/j.1540-4560.2005.00404.x
Attitudes Toward Younger and Older Adults: An Updated Meta‐Analytic Review
resolves10.1371/journal.pone.0274966
What message appeal and messenger are most persuasive for COVID-19 vaccine uptake: Results from a 5-country survey in India, Indonesia, Kenya, Nigeria, and Ukraine
resolves10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.113370
Non-compliance with COVID-19-related public health measures among young adults in Switzerland: Insights from a longitudinal cohort study
resolves10.1016/j.pmedr.2022.101903
Can targeted messages reduce COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy? A randomized trial
resolves10.1002/casp.2593
“Keep your distance for me”: A field experiment on empathy prompts to promote distancing during the <scp>COVID</scp>‐19 pandemic
resolves10.1080/00981389.2020.1871157
Compliance with preventative measures during the COVID-19 pandemic in the USA and Canada: Results from an online survey
resolves10.1016/j.ecolecon.2019.03.004
The importance of selecting the right messenger: A framed field experiment on recycled water products
The 20 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedWho is listening? Spokesperson effect on communicating social and physical distancing measures during the COVID-19 pandemic
no DOI — not checkedCan a trusted messenger change behavior when information is plentiful? Evidence from the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic in West Bengal
no DOI — not checkedref7
no DOI — not checkedInterventions to promote physical distancing behaviour during infectious disease pandemics or epidemics: A systematic review
no DOI — not checkedMessenger effects in COVID-19 communication: Does the level of government matter? Health Policy OPEN 2, 100027. Federal Office of Public Health
no DOI — not checkedref12
no DOI — not checkedInterventions to improve hand hygiene compliance in patient care
no DOI — not checkedMotivating social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic: An online experiment
no DOI — not checkedref24
no DOI — not checkedEncouraging COVID-19 vaccine uptake through effective health communication. Front
no DOI — not checkedLook me in the eyes
no DOI — not checkedref28
no DOI — not checkedEpidemiological investigation on hand hygiene knowledge and behaviour: A cross-sectional study on gender disparity
no DOI — not checkedHandwashing adherence during the COVID-19 pandemic: A longitudinal study based on protection motivation theory
no DOI — not checkedAge-based messaging strategies for communication about COVID-19
no DOI — not checkedComfort with and willingness to participate in COVID-19 contact tracing: The role of risk perceptions, trust, and political ideology
no DOI — not checkedref36
no DOI — not checkedref40
no DOI — not checkedref41
no DOI — not checkedNotes: The table shows the distribution of gender, age groups, weekdays, and stores for the whole sample and for the three conditions
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