Reference health
Excess Commitment in R&D
55/55 checkable references clean · checked 2026-08-20
Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.
18 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.
The 55 checked references that resolve
resolves10.1162/0033553041502144
Market Size in Innovation: Theory and Evidence from the Pharmaceutical Industry
resolves10.1111/1475-679X.12396
Do Mandatory Disclosure Requirements for Private Firms Increase the Propensity of Going Public?
resolves10.1093/restud/rdy034
Public R&D Investments and Private-sector Patenting: Evidence from NIH Funding Rules
resolves10.1111/jofi.13321
Mergers, Product Prices, and Innovation: Evidence from the Pharmaceutical Industry
resolves10.1257/aer.20131176
Do Firms Underinvest in Long-Term Research? Evidence from Cancer Clinical Trials
resolves10.1016/S0167-2681(99)00026-8
The econometrics and behavioral economics of escalation of commitment: a re-examination of Staw and Hoang’s NBA data
resolves10.1111/1475-679X.00064
Estimating the Value of Employee Stock Option Portfolios and Their Sensitivities to Price and Volatility
resolves10.1016/S0167-6296(02)00126-1
The price of innovation: new estimates of drug development costs
resolves10.1016/j.jhealeco.2016.01.012
Innovation in the pharmaceutical industry: New estimates of R&D costs
resolves10.1086/261826
Optimal Incentive Contracts in the Presence of Career Concerns: Theory and Evidence
resolves10.1093/acrefore/9780190625979.013.457
Behavioral Corporate Finance: The Life Cycle of a CEO Career
resolves10.1093/rfs/hhq009
New Evidence on Measuring Financial Constraints: Moving Beyond the KZ Index
resolves10.1016/j.jfineco.2005.04.004
The outsourcing of R&D through acquisitions in the pharmaceutical industry
resolves10.1017/S002210902400084X
Information Disclosure and Peer Innovation: Evidence from Mandatory Reporting of Clinical Trials
resolves10.1162/003355397555163
Do Investment-Cash Flow Sensitivities Provide Useful Measures of Financing Constraints?
resolves10.1016/j.jeconom.2005.02.011
Generalized reduced rank tests using the singular value decomposition
resolves10.1287/mnsc.2021.4243
Find and Replace: R&D Investment Following the Erosion of Existing Products
resolves10.1136/jim-2015-000010
Investigational New Drug Applications: A 1-Year Pilot Study on Rates and Reasons for Clinical Hold
resolves10.1016/S0304-405X(02)00256-8
Do equity financing cycles matter? evidence from biotechnology alliances
resolves10.1111/j.1467-6451.2009.00398.x
THE ROLE OF SUNK COSTS IN THE DECISION TO INVEST IN R&D<sup>*</sup>
resolves10.2307/2938192
Long-term, Short-term and Renegotiation: On the Value of Commitment in Contracting
resolves10.1177/1740774515625964
Key cost drivers of pharmaceutical clinical trials in the United States
resolves10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.50996
Analysis of Rates of Completion, Delays, and Participant Recruitment in Randomized Clinical Trials in Surgery
resolves10.1016/0030-5073(76)90005-2
Knee-deep in the big muddy: a study of escalating commitment to a chosen course of action
resolves10.2307/2393794
Sunk Costs in the NBA: Why Draft Order Affects Playing Time and Survival in Professional Basketball
resolves10.1037/0021-9010.82.1.130
Escalation at the credit window: A longitudinal study of bank executives' recognition and write-off of problem loans.
resolves10.1198/073500102288618658
A Survey of Weak Instruments and Weak Identification in Generalized Method of Moments
resolves10.1017/S0022109021000284
Competition and R&D Financing: Evidence From the Biopharmaceutical Industry
resolves10.1093/biostatistics/kxx069
Estimation of clinical trial success rates and related parameters
resolves10.1001/jama.2020.1166
Estimated Research and Development Investment Needed to Bring a New Medicine to Market, 2009-2018
The 18 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedResearch and development in the pharmaceutical industry
no DOI — not checkedInternal deadlines, drug approvals, and safety problems
no DOI — not checked2021. Killer acquisitions
no DOI — not checkedref23
no DOI — not checkedOrganizational scope and investment: Evidence from the drug development strategies and performance of biopharmaceutical firms
no DOI — not checkedCost of capital for pharmaceutical, biotechnology, and medical device firms
no DOI — not checkedManagerial incentive schemes: A dynamic perspective
no DOI — not checkedLearning by investing: Entrepreneurial spillovers from venture capital
no DOI — not checkedref46
no DOI — not checkedFinancial intermediation and the funding of biomedical innovation: A review
no DOI — not checkedA quantitative analysis of distortions in managerial forecasts
no DOI — not checkedBehavioral corporate finance
no DOI — not checkedref55
no DOI — not checkedref57
no DOI — not checkedref58
no DOI — not checkedPfizer to showcase diverse and growing oncology portfolio at the
no DOI — not checkedIrreversibility, uncertainty, and investment
no DOI — not checkedref72
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carried a retraction notice at that time. It says nothing about the quality, findings,
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