Reference health
The ProFHER (PROximal Fracture of the Humerus: Evaluation by Randomisation) trial – a pragmatic multicentre randomised controlled trial evaluating the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of surgical compared with non-surgical treatment for proximal fracture of the humerus in adults
3 of 87 checkable references need attention · checked 2026-08-01
At the dated check, the references listed below either did not resolve in Crossref or DataCite, or carried a retraction notice. Each one is shown with the registry record that put it there.
22 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.
References needing attention
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does not resolve to a known work10.1302/0301-620X.84B7.13010
The 84 checked references that resolve
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An estimate of the worldwide prevalence and disability associated with osteoporotic fractures
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Epidemiology of humerus fractures in the United States: nationwide emergency department sample, 2008
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Upper extremity fractures in the elderly: consequences on utilization of rehabilitation care
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Rehabilitation of two-part fractures of the neck of the humerus (two-year follow-up)
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Increased mortality after fracture of the surgical neck of the humerusA case-control study of 253 patients with a 12-year follow-up
resolves10.1007/s00198-005-1993-2
Fragility fracture-related direct medical costs in the first year following a nonvertebral fracture in a managed care setting
resolves10.2106/JBJS.I.01505
Trends and Variation in Incidence, Surgical Treatment, and Repeat Surgery of Proximal Humeral Fractures in the Elderly
resolves10.1186/1471-2458-13-531
Trends in incidence and costs of injuries to the shoulder, arm and wrist in The Netherlands between 1986 and 2008
resolves10.2106/00004623-199312000-00002
The Neer classification system for proximal humeral fractures. An assessment of interobserver reliability and intraobserver reproducibility.
resolves10.1007/s11999-012-2454-9
Classifications in Brief: The Neer Classification for Proximal Humerus Fractures
resolves10.1016/j.jclinepi.2007.04.014
Training improves agreement among doctors using the Neer system for proximal humeral fractures in a systematic review
resolves10.1302/0301-620X.70B5.3056948
Transcutaneous reduction and external fixation of displaced fractures of the proximal humerus. A controlled clinical trial
resolves10.1016/j.injury.2009.10.056
Health and cost consequences of surgical versus conservative treatment for a comminuted proximal humeral fracture in elderly patients
resolves10.1016/j.jse.2010.12.018
Internal fixation versus nonoperative treatment of displaced 3-part proximal humeral fractures in elderly patients: a randomized controlled trial
resolves10.1016/j.jse.2011.04.016
Hemiarthroplasty versus nonoperative treatment of displaced 4-part proximal humeral fractures in elderly patients: a randomized controlled trial
resolves10.1002/(SICI)1097-0274(199606)29:6<602::AID-AJIM4>3.0.CO;2-L
Development of an upper extremity outcome measure: The DASH (disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and head)
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QUESTIONNAIRE ON THE PERCEPTIONS OF PATIENTS ABOUT SHOULDER SURGERY
resolves10.1186/1471-2474-13-261
Trends in the surgical treatment of proximal humeral fractures – a nationwide 23-year study in Finland
resolves10.1007/s00402-011-1430-2
All-arthroscopic intramedullary nailing of 2- and 3-part proximal humeral fractures: a new arthroscopic technique and preliminary results
resolves10.1186/1471-2474-10-140
Protocol for the ProFHER (PROximal Fracture of the Humerus: Evaluation by Randomisation) trial: a pragmatic multi-centre randomised controlled trial of surgical versus non-surgical treatment for proximal fracture of the humerus in adults
resolves10.1308/003588407X155798
Learning Curves in Orthopaedic Surgery: A Case for Super-Specialisation?
resolves10.1016/0168-8510(90)90421-9
EuroQol - a new facility for the measurement of health-related quality of life
resolves10.1016/j.jse.2007.04.019
A comparison of the Constant and Oxford shoulder scores in patients with conservatively treated proximal humeral fractures
resolves10.1136/bmj.c117
Is a subgroup effect believable? Updating criteria to evaluate the credibility of subgroup analyses
resolves10.1177/1740774507076914
Cost-effectiveness in clinical trials: using multiple imputation to deal with incomplete cost data
resolves10.2165/00148365-200504020-00001
Handling Missing Data in Patient-Level Cost-Effectiveness Analysis alongside Randomised Clinical Trials
resolves10.1067/mse.2002.124346
Four-segment classification of proximal humeral fractures: Purpose and reliable use
resolves10.12968/ijtr.2012.19.11.601
Developing the Allied Health Professions Research Network: Building Research Capacity and Capability
resolves10.1111/j.1758-5740.2009.00030.x
The UKUFF Trial and the NIHR Comprehensive Local Research Networks
resolves10.1136/bmj.324.7347.1183
Increasing response rates to postal questionnaires: systematic review
resolves10.2106/00004623-199312000-00003
The reproducibility of classification of fractures of the proximal end of the humerus.
resolves10.1093/oso/9780198529446.001.0001
Methods for the Economic Evaluation of Health Care Programmes
resolves10.1057/9780230583993
Designing Randomised Trials in Health, Education and the Social Sciences
resolves10.1016/j.jse.2011.06.010
Responsiveness of the EQ-5D in patients with proximal humeral fractures
resolves10.3310/hta3100
Methods for the analysis of quality-of-life and survival data in health technology assessment.
resolves10.1002/hec.944
Estimating mean QALYs in trial‐based cost‐effectiveness analysis: the importance of controlling for baseline utility
resolves10.1136/bmj.d40
Strategy for intention to treat analysis in randomised trials with missing outcome data
resolves10.1002/sim.4067
Multiple imputation using chained equations: Issues and guidance for practice
resolves10.1002/hec.843
Regression methods for covariate adjustment and subgroup analysis for non‐censored cost‐effectiveness data
resolves10.1177/0272989X07302132
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis Using Data from Multinational Trials: The Use of Bivariate Hierarchical Modeling
resolves10.3109/09638288.2013.829529
Reliability and validity of shoulder function outcome measures in people with a proximal humeral fracture
resolves10.1016/j.jse.2009.03.024
Functional outcomes after nonoperative management of fractures of the proximal humerus
resolves10.1186/1471-2474-13-114
Surgeons agree more on treatment recommendations than on classification of proximal humeral fractures
resolves10.1007/s11999-012-2531-0
Hemiarthroplasty for Humeral Four-part Fractures for Patients 65 Years and Older: A Randomized Controlled Trial
resolves10.1186/1471-2474-13-167
Conservative treatment, plate fixation, or prosthesis for proximal humeral fracture. A prospective randomized study
resolves10.1016/j.jse.2009.06.004
Treatment of proximal humerus fractures with locking plates: A systematic review
resolves10.1186/1745-6215-10-51
Effect of osteosynthesis, primary hemiarthroplasty, and non-surgical management for displaced four-part fractures of the proximal humerus in elderly: a multi-centre, randomised clinical trial
resolves10.1186/1471-2474-11-97
Primary hemiarthroplasty versus conservative treatment for comminuted fractures of the proximal humerus in the elderly (ProCon): A Multicenter Randomized Controlled trial
resolves10.1016/j.jse.2014.01.005
Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty for the treatment of proximal humeral fractures: patterns of use among newly trained orthopedic surgeons
resolves10.1186/1756-0500-6-69
Translation between the Neer- and the AO/OTA-classification for proximal humeral fractures: do we need to be bilingual to interpret the scientific literature?
resolves10.1097/00005131-200503000-00001
Impact of Smoking on Fracture Healing and Risk of Complications in Limb-Threatening Open Tibia Fractures
resolves10.1302/0301-620X.85B2.13717
Effect of smoking on early complications after elective orthopaedic surgery
The 22 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedFirst Results on Population for England and Wales
no DOI — not checkedHealth and Social Care Information Centre. Hospital Episode Statistics. URL: www.hscic.gov.uk/hes (accessed 29 May 2013).
no DOI — not checkedThe Shoulder: Rupture of the Supraspinatus Tendon and Other Lesions in or about the Subacromial Bursa
no DOI — not checkedSkeletal Trauma: Basic Science, Management and Reconstruction. Volume 2
no DOI — not checkedFrontiers in Fracture Management
no DOI — not checkedInterventions for treating proximal humeral fractures in adults
no DOI — not checkedInterventions for treating proximal humeral fractures in adults
no DOI — not checkedElectromagnetic field stimulation for treating delayed union or non-union of long bone fractures in adults
no DOI — not checkedDepartment of Health. Research Governance Framework for Health and Social Care. 2nd edn. London: Department of Health; 2005. URL: www.gov.uk/government/publications/research-governance-framework-for-health-and-social-care-second-edition (accessed 16 December 2014).
no DOI — not checkedThe Care of Patients with Fragility Fracture (‘Blue Book’)
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no DOI — not checkedHealth and Social Care Information Centre. Would PACS Have Happened Anyway? URL: http://systems.hscic.gov.uk/pacs/learn/different/myth (accessed 31 October 2013).
no DOI — not checkedDepartment of Health Informatics Directorate. NHS Connecting for Health (3ceased 1 March 2013). URL: http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20130502102046/http://www.connectingforhealth.nhs.uk/ (accessed 15 December 2014).
no DOI — not checkedUser’s Manual for the SF-12v2® Health Survey (With a Supplement Documenting SF-12® Health Survey)
no DOI — not checkedA Social Tariff for EuroQol: Results from a UK General Population Survey
no DOI — not checkedUnit Costs of Health and Social Care 2012
no DOI — not checkedDepartment of Health. NHS Reference Costs 2011/12. 2012. URL: www.dh.gov.uk/health/2012/11/2011–12-reference-costs/ (accessed 10 October 2013).
no DOI — not checkedBritish National Formulary
no DOI — not checkedStatistical Analysis with Missing Data
no DOI — not checkedClinicalTrials.gov. Operative Versus Non Operative Treatment of Proximal Humerus (Shoulder Joint) Fractures. URL: http://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT00818987 (accessed 2 December 2012).
no DOI — not checkedClinicalTrials.gov. Treatment of Comminuted Fractures of the Proximal Humerus. A Randomised, Controlled Study. http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/record/NCT00999193 (accessed 2 December 2012).
no DOI — not checkedJohansen A, Wakeman R, Boulton C, Plant F, Roberts J, Williams A. The National Hip Fracture Database. National Report 2013. URL: www.nhfd.co.uk/20/hipfractureR.nsf/luMenuDefinitions/CA920122A244F2ED802579C900553993/$file/NHFD%20Report%202013.pdf?OpenElement (accessed 13 March 2015).
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