Reference health
Recommendations for Abnormal Behaviour Ethograms in Monkey Research
70/70 checkable references clean · checked 2026-07-22
Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.
14 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.
The 70 checked references that resolve
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Stereotypic animal behaviour: fundamentals and applications to welfare
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Comparing options for pair housing rhesus macaques using behavioral welfare measures
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Benefits of pair housing are consistent across a diverse population of rhesus macaques
resolves10.1002/ajp.22161
Risk factors for stereotypic behavior and self‐biting in rhesus macaques (<i>Macaca mulatta</i>): Animal's history, current environment, and personality
resolves10.1016/j.applanim.2015.08.005
Evaluation of environmental and intrinsic factors that contribute to stereotypic behavior in captive rhesus macaques ( Macaca mulatta )
resolves10.1002/ajp.10063
Self‐injurious behavior in rhesus monkeys: New insights into its etiology, physiology, and treatment
resolves10.1016/j.applanim.2011.02.010
Early rearing interacts with temperament and housing to influence the risk for motor stereotypy in rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta)
resolves10.1016/j.bbr.2016.03.040
Early adversity contributes to chronic stress induced depression-like behavior in adolescent male rhesus monkeys
resolves10.1080/10888700802536798
Risk Factors and Remediation of Self-Injurious and Self-Abuse Behavior in Rhesus Macaques
resolves10.1002/ajp.10075
Stereotypic and self‐injurious behavior in rhesus macaques: A survey and retrospective analysis of environment and early experience
resolves10.1002/ajp.20831
Floating limb behaviors and self‐biting are associated in laboratory monkeys
resolves10.1080/17470919.2016.1145595
Depressive-like behavior, its sensitization, social buffering, and altered cytokine responses in rhesus macaques moved from outdoor social groups to indoor housing
resolves10.3389/fnbeh.2014.00309
Depressive-like behavioral response of adult male rhesus monkeys during routine animal husbandry procedure
resolves10.1001/jama.2009.878
Interaction Between the Serotonin Transporter Gene (5-HTTLPR), Stressful Life Events, and Risk of Depression
resolves10.1016/S0165-0327(03)00046-6
Early experience and depressive disorders: human and non-human primate studies
resolves10.1037/0096-3445.110.1.56
Multiple separations in adolescent monkeys: An opponent-process interpretation.
resolves10.1002/ajp.21013
Modeling depression in adult female cynomolgus monkeys (<i>Macaca fascicularis</i>)
resolves10.1371/journal.pone.0073293
Depression-Like Behavioral Phenotypes by Social and Social Plus Visual Isolation in the Adult Female Macaca fascicularis
resolves10.1002/dev.420280402
Total cortisol, free cortisol, and growth hormone associated with brief social separation experiences in young macaques
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A critical examination of the use of the term and concept of comorbidity in psychopathology research.
resolves10.1016/j.applanim.2016.01.002
Reconsidering coprophagy as an indicator of negative welfare for captive chimpanzees
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Pacing stereotypies in laboratory rhesus macaques: Implications for animal welfare and the validity of neuroscientific findings
resolves10.1016/j.beproc.2013.05.005
Socio-ecological factors correlate with levels of stereotypic behavior in zoo-housed primates
resolves10.1016/j.anbehav.2016.05.010
Stereotypic route tracing in captive Carnivora is predicted by species-typical home range sizes and hunting styles
resolves10.1016/0006-8993(90)91089-Y
Long-term effects of early social isolation in Macaca mulatta: changes in dopamine receptor function following apomorphine challenge
resolves10.1037/a0012600
Emergence of stereotypies in juvenile monkeys (Macaca mulatta) with neonatal amygdala or hippocampus lesions.
resolves10.1037/bne0000062
Adult social behavior with familiar partners following neonatal amygdala or hippocampus damage.
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Effects of puzzle feeders on pathological behavior in individually housed rhesus monkeys
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The Use of Artificial Turf as a Foraging Substrate for Individually Housed Rhesus Monkeys (<i>Macaca Mulatta)</i>
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Modifying the behaviour of singly caged baboons: evaluating the effectiveness of four enrichment techniques
resolves10.1016/j.anbehav.2018.05.006
Stereotypic behaviours are heterogeneous in their triggers and treatments in the American mink, Neovison vison, a model carnivore
resolves10.1016/j.applanim.2015.12.002
Environmentally enriching American mink (Neovison vison) increases lymphoid organ weight and skeletal symmetry, and reveals differences between two sub-types of stereotypic behaviour
resolves10.1016/j.bbr.2012.02.019
Some stereotypic behaviors in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) are correlated with both perseveration and the ability to cope with acute stressors
resolves10.1002/ajp.22239
Abnormal behavior and associated risk factors in captive baboons (<i>Papio hamadryas</i> spp.)
resolves10.1016/S0168-1591(01)00137-X
A survey assessment of variables related to stereotypy in captive giraffe and okapi
resolves10.1016/j.applanim.2011.06.012
Variables affecting the prevalence of behavioural problems in horses. Can riding style and other management factors be significant?
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Factors influencing the development of stereotypic and redirected behaviours in young horses: findings of a four year prospective epidemiological study
resolves10.1016/j.applanim.2017.05.003
Why pace? The influence of social, housing, management, life history, and demographic characteristics on locomotor stereotypy in zoo elephants
resolves10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.01.036
Clinical and Diagnostic Implications of Lifetime Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Comorbidity in Adults with Bipolar Disorder: Data from the First 1000 STEP-BD Participants
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Present and lifetime comorbidity of tobacco, alcohol and drug use in eating disorders: A European multicenter study
resolves10.1002/ajp.10052
Factors predicting increased incidence of abnormal behavior in male pigtailed macaques
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Using Principal Components and Factor Analysis in Animal Behaviour Research: Caveats and Guidelines
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Posture and body image in individuals with major depressive disorder: a controlled study
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What is the nonverbal communication of depression? Assessing expressive differences between depressive patients and healthy volunteers during clinical interviews
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Embodiment of Sadness and Depression—Gait Patterns Associated With Dysphoric Mood
resolves10.1016/j.applanim.2016.04.003
A Tinbergian review of self-injurious behaviors in laboratory rhesus macaques
resolves10.1002/dev.420080305
Effects of maternal mobility on the development of rocking and other behaviors in rhesus monkeys: A study with artificial mothers
resolves10.5014/ajot.35.12.775
Effects of a Vestibular Stimulation Program on Stereotypic Rocking Behavior
resolves10.1016/0162-3095(80)90004-7
Determinants of amounts of stereotyped behavior in normal human infants
resolves10.3389/fnint.2017.00019
A Cohesive Framework for Motor Stereotypy in Typical and Atypical Development: The Role of Sensorimotor Integration
resolves10.1111/j.1469-8749.2008.03178.x
Motor stereotypies in children with autism and other developmental disorders
resolves10.1016/0376-6357(91)90020-Z
Effects of immobility stress and food restriction on stereotypies in low and high stereotyping female ranch mink
resolves10.1016/j.applanim.2017.05.007
Towards a taxonomy of stereotypic behaviours in the American mink (Neovison vison) , a model Carnivore: Homogeneous or heterogeneous?
resolves10.1002/dev.20477
Development and temporal organization of repetitive behavior in an animal model
resolves10.1016/j.applanim.2017.10.010
A cross-species comparison of abnormal behavior in three species of singly-housed old world monkeys
resolves10.1038/s41598-019-43695-5
Pacing behaviour in laboratory macaques is an unreliable indicator of acute stress
resolves10.1163/1568539X-bja10132
Can animals develop depression? An overview and assessment of ‘depression-like’ states
The 14 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedEffects of outdoor housing on self-injurious and stereotypic behavior in adult male rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta)
no DOI — not checkedUse of nonhuman primates in research in North America
no DOI — not checkedHair loss and hair-pulling in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta)
no DOI — not checkedRisk factors for self-injurious behavior in captive rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta)
no DOI — not checkedThe effects of separating rhesus monkey infants from their mothers for six days
no DOI — not checkedThe effects of four nursery rearing strategies on infant behavioral development in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta)
no DOI — not checkedThe effects of fluoxetine and buspirone on self-injurious and stereotypic behavior in adult male rhesus macaques
no DOI — not checkedUnited States Department of Agriculture (USDA) (2019, November 01). Animal Welfare Act, Food Secuirity Act of 1985, Subtitle F-Animal Welfare, Available online: https://www.nal.usda.gov/awic/public-law-99-198-food-security-act-1985-subtitle-f-animal-welfare.
no DOI — not checkedProlonged and progressive effects of partial isolation on the behavior of macaque monkeys
no DOI — not checkedMcCowan, B. Personal communication.
no DOI — not checkedVideotaped behavior as a predictor of clinical outcome in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta)
no DOI — not checkedNovak, M.A., and Suomi, S.J. (2006). Abnormal behavior in nonhuman primates and models of development. Primate Models of Children’s Health and Developmental Disabilities, Academic Press.
no DOI — not checkedThe effects of institutionalization on development of stereotyped and social behaviors in mental defectives
no DOI — not checkedTreatment of self-injury by providing alternate sensory activities
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