Reference health
Is the Phenylalanine-Restricted Diet a Risk Factor for Overweight or Obesity in Patients with Phenylketonuria (PKU)? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
39/39 checkable references clean · checked 2026-07-22
Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.
14 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.
The 39 checked references that resolve
resolves10.1016/j.ymgme.2012.07.006
High prevalence of overweight and obesity in females with phenylketonuria
resolves10.1016/j.ymgme.2018.09.006
Prevalence of comorbid conditions among adult patients diagnosed with phenylketonuria
resolves10.1186/s13023-019-1153-y
Clinical burden of illness in patients with phenylketonuria (PKU) and associated comorbidities - a retrospective study of German health insurance claims data
resolves10.1007/s10545-010-9149-8
Whole body composition analysis by the BodPod air‐displacement plethysmography method in children with phenylketonuria shows a higher body fat percentage
resolves10.1016/j.advms.2019.08.001
Overweight in classical phenylketonuria children: A retrospective cohort study
resolves10.1186/s13023-017-0685-2
The complete European guidelines on phenylketonuria: diagnosis and treatment
resolves10.1186/s13023-015-0378-7
Special low protein foods for phenylketonuria: availability in Europe and an examination of their nutritional profile
resolves10.3390/nu12061893
Special Low Protein Foods in the UK: An Examination of Their Macronutrient Composition in Comparison to Regular Foods
resolves10.2147/PHMT.S49329
Dietary intervention in the management of phenylketonuria: current perspectives
resolves10.1016/j.numecd.2016.11.002
Dietary glycemic index, glycemic load and metabolic profile in children with phenylketonuria
resolves10.1016/j.ymgme.2013.10.009
Early dietary treated patients with phenylketonuria can achieve normal growth and body composition
resolves10.1023/A:1024063726046
Evaluation of nutritional status and pathophysiology of growth retardation in patients with phenylketonuria
resolves10.1016/j.ymgme.2017.07.007
The relationship between dietary intake, growth and body composition in Phenylketonuria
resolves10.1007/s10545-007-0549-3
Growth and body composition in children with classical phenylketonuria: Results in 34 patients and review of the literature
resolves10.2427/5768
The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate health care interventions: explanation and elaboration
resolves10.3390/nu11030552
Growth, Protein and Energy Intake in Children with PKU Taking a Weaning Protein Substitute in the First Two Years of Life: A Case-Control Study
resolves10.3945/an.116.013052
Perspective: NutriGrade: A Scoring System to Assess and Judge the Meta-Evidence of Randomized Controlled Trials and Cohort Studies in Nutrition Research
resolves10.1016/j.ymgme.2012.10.006
Dietary treatment in phenylketonuria does not lead to increased risk of obesity or metabolic syndrome
resolves10.5812/ijem.16061
Body Composition Profile of Young Patients With Phenylketonuria and Mild Hyperphenylalaninemia
resolves10.1186/s13023-019-1188-0
The cardiovascular phenotype of adult patients with phenylketonuria
resolves10.1038/ejcn.2016.54
Protein substitutes for phenylketonuria in Europe: access and nutritional composition
resolves10.3390/nu13031040
Protein Substitute Requirements of Patients with Phenylketonuria on BH4 Treatment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
resolves10.1016/j.ymgme.2013.05.017
Tetrahydrobiopterin therapy vs phenylalanine-restricted diet: Impact on growth in PKU
resolves10.1016/j.ymgme.2011.12.004
Diet in phenylketonuria: A snapshot of special dietary costs and reimbursement systems in 10 international centers
resolves10.1186/s13023-016-0508-x
Lipid profile status and other related factors in patients with Hyperphenylalaninaemia
resolves10.1007/s00431-015-2622-5
Diagnostic and management practices for phenylketonuria in 19 countries of the South and Eastern European Region: survey results
resolves10.1016/j.jclinepi.2007.11.008
The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies
resolves10.1371/journal.pmed.1002742
COSMOS-E: Guidance on conducting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of observational studies of etiology
The 14 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedOverweight and obesity in children under phenylalanine restricted diet
no DOI — not checkedOverweight and obesity in PKU: The results from 8 centres in Europe and Turkey
no DOI — not checkedSex differences in body composition and bone mineral density in phenylketonuria: A cross-sectional study
no DOI — not checkedWorld Health Organization (2021, January 04). Obesity and Overweight. Available online: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/obesity-and-overweight.
no DOI — not checkedWHO Consultation on Obesity & World Health Organization (2000). Obesity: Preventing and Managing the Global Epidemic: Report of a WHO Consultation, World Health Organization. 0512-3054.
no DOI — not checkedNutrient intake, body composition, and blood phenylalanine control in children with phenylketonuria compared to healthy controls
no DOI — not checkedBody fat percentage in adolescents with phenylketonuria and associated factors
no DOI — not checkedHiggins, J., Thomas, J., Chandler, J., Cumpston, M., Li, T., Page, M., and Welch, V. (2021). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions, Cochrane. Available online: www.training.cochrane.org/handbook.
no DOI — not checkedNational Institutes of Health (2020, September 14). Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies, Available online: https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/study-quality-assessment-tools.
no DOI — not checkedPlasma leptin concentrations in phenylketonuric patients
no DOI — not checkedAnalysis of body composition and nutritional status in Brazilian phenylketonuria patients
no DOI — not checkedBody protein in prepubertal children with phenylketonuria
no DOI — not checkedProtein substitute for children and adults with phenylketonuria
no DOI — not checkedWilson, K., Charmchi, P., and Dworetzky, B. (2016). State Statutes & Regulations on Dietary Treatment of Disorders Identified Through Newborn Screening, Ed. Catalyst Center. Available online: https://www.ciswh.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/State-Statues-and-Leg-re-Dietary-Treatment_Updated-7.24.17.pdf.
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