Reference health
Optimizing the Design of a Vertical Ground Heat Exchanger: Measurement of the Thermal Properties of Bentonite-Based Grout and Numerical Analysis
27/27 checkable references clean · checked 2026-07-23
Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.
8 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.
The 27 checked references that resolve
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Analysis and study of different grouting materials in vertical geothermal closed-loop systems
resolves10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.08.132
Experimental characterization and performance evaluation of geothermal grouting materials subjected to heating–cooling cycles
resolves10.1016/j.geothermics.2015.11.004
Direct utilization of geothermal energy 2015 worldwide review
resolves10.1016/j.apenergy.2009.04.038
Vertical-borehole ground-coupled heat pumps: A review of models and systems
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Numerical analysis and experimental validation of heat transfer in ground heat exchangers in alternative operation modes
resolves10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.152
An improved analytical model for vertical borehole ground heat exchanger with multiple-layer substrates and groundwater flow
resolves10.1093/ijlct/ctt001
Comparing the thermal performance of horizontal slinky-loop and vertical slinky-loop heat exchangers
resolves10.1016/j.renene.2016.05.040
Effect of natural convection on thermal response test conducted in saturated porous formation: Comparison of gravel-backfilled and cement-grouted borehole heat exchangers
resolves10.1002/er.1898
Experimental performance of borehole heat exchangers and grouting materials for ground source heat pumps
resolves10.1007/s11431-009-0413-9
Characteristics of thermally-enhanced bentonite grouts for geothermal heat exchanger in South Korea
resolves10.2172/307835
Thermally conductive cementitious grouts for geothermal heat pumps. Progress report FY 1998
resolves10.1016/j.renene.2011.09.013
Performance evaluation of closed-loop vertical ground heat exchangers by conducting in-situ thermal response tests
resolves10.1016/j.renene.2009.04.032
Temperature distributions in boreholes of a vertical ground-coupled heat pump system
resolves10.1002/er.2929
Back-analyses of in-situ thermal response test (TRT) for evaluating ground thermal conductivity
resolves10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2011.09.030
Thermal performance investigation of several types of vertical ground heat exchangers with different operation mode
resolves10.1016/j.compgeo.2011.07.004
Numerical simulation of vertical ground heat exchangers: Intermittent operation in unsaturated soil conditions
resolves10.1016/j.egypro.2014.12.278
Thermal Performance Investigation of Borehole Heat Exchanger with Different U-tube Diameter and Borehole Parameters
resolves10.1016/j.gete.2016.02.003
The importance of surface air temperature fluctuations on long-term performance of vertical ground heat exchangers
resolves10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2011.09.005
CFD simulations of horizontal ground heat exchangers: A comparison among different configurations
resolves10.1016/j.renene.2017.05.045
Experimental and numerical investigation of thermal properties of cement-based grouts used for vertical ground heat exchanger
resolves10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2014.12.068
Simulation study on the thermal performance of vertical U-tube heat exchangers for ground source heat pump system
resolves10.3390/su8090882
Numerical Analysis of the Factors Influencing a Vertical U-Tube Ground Heat Exchanger
resolves10.1016/j.renene.2014.06.007
Simulation and experimental analysis of optimal buried depth of the vertical U-tube ground heat exchanger for a ground-coupled heat pump system
resolves10.1088/0957-0233/7/6/012
Rapid numerical estimation of soil thermal properties for a broad class of heat-pulse emitter geometries
resolves10.1016/S0168-1923(97)00065-8
Measurement of thermal properties and water content of unsaturated sandy soil using dual-probe heat-pulse probes
resolves10.1016/j.apenergy.2008.02.010
Numerical and experimental assessment of thermal performance of vertical energy piles: An application
The 8 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedThermal conductivity of sand bentonite mixtures as a backfill material of geothermal boreholes
no DOI — not checkedDen Braven, K.R., and Mei, V. (1993). Thermal Enhancement of Bentonite Grouts for Vertical GSHP Systems in Heat Pump and Refrigeration Systems, American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
no DOI — not checkedJin, G., Zhang, X., Guo, S., Wu, X., and Bi, W. (2016, January 8–11). Evaluation and analysis of thermal short-circuiting in borehole heat exchangers. Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Applied Energy (ICAE2016), Beijing, China.
no DOI — not checked(2018, July 20). KD2 Pro Manual. Available online: http://manuals.decagon.com/Manuals/13351_KD2%20Pro_Web.pdf.
no DOI — not checkedCengel, Y.A. (2006). Heat and Mass Transfer: A Practical Approach, McGraw-Hill.
no DOI — not checkedHens, H. (2010). Applied Building Physics: Boundary Conditions, Building Performance and Material Properties, Wiley.
no DOI — not checked(2018, July 20). Engineeringtoolbox. Available online: http://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/specific-heat-capacity-d_391.html.
no DOI — not checked(2018, July 20). Fluent 6.3 User’s Guide. Available online: https://www.sharcnet.ca/Software/Fluent6/html/ug/main_pre.htm.
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