On the public citation graph

On the percentage of lightning flashes that begin with initial breakdown pulses

https://doi.org/10.1002/2013jd020854

0 signed · 88 inferred · view as graph

Inferred edges come from two machine sources: sweeps of open repository metadata (mostly SSRN and Zenodo), and a bulk OpenAlex citation snapshot. Every row below is labelled with the one it came from. Neither is a complete citation index — absence here is not evidence of absence.

Is this your work? Sign in with ORCID and put your name on the claims that are yours.

Claim with ORCID

Reference health. See whether every reference in this work resolves to a known work and none has been retracted — and get a dated CiteStamped badge you can embed.

See reference health

What this work says

Outgoing claims: the papers this work cites, builds on, or argues with.

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrd.50276openalex-snapshot

Luminosity of initial breakdown in lightning

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrd.50441openalex-snapshot

Locating initial breakdown pulses using electric field change network

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrd.50866openalex-snapshot

Initial breakdown pulses in intracloud lightning flashes and their relation to terrestrial gamma ray flashes

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.49708335603openalex-snapshot

Preliminary discharge processes in lightning flashes to ground

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-9079-0_3openalex-snapshot

Electric Field and Charge Structure in Lightning-Producing Clouds

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2008.01.014openalex-snapshot

Analysis of microsecond- and submicrosecond-scale electric field pulses produced by cloud and ground lightning discharges

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2012.01.012openalex-snapshot

Comparative study on preliminary breakdown pulse trains observed in Johor, Malaysia and Florida, USA

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jastp.2004.03.015openalex-snapshot

Radiation field pulses associated with the initiation of positive cloud to ground lightning flashes

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jastp.2008.08.013openalex-snapshot

Properties of preliminary breakdown processes in Scandinavian lightning

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jastp.2013.05.014openalex-snapshot

Preliminary breakdown pulses of cloud-to-ground lightning in winter thunderstorms in Japan

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/s1364-6826(98)00007-8openalex-snapshot

Comparison of preliminary breakdown pulses observed in Sweden and in Sri Lanka

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1029/1999gl010856openalex-snapshot

A GPS‐based three‐dimensional lightning mapping system: Initial observations in central New Mexico

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1029/2004jd004549openalex-snapshot

Accuracy of the Lightning Mapping Array

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1029/2004jd005332openalex-snapshot

Cloud‐to‐ground lightning in Austria: A 10‐year study using data from a lightning location system

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1029/2007jd008489openalex-snapshot

Pulse trains that are characteristic of preliminary breakdown in cloud‐to‐ground lightning but are not followed by return stroke pulses

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1029/2007jd009459openalex-snapshot

Horizontal lightning propagation, preliminary breakdown, and electric potential in New Mexico thunderstorms

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1029/2008gl036783openalex-snapshot

Some inferences on the role of lower positive charge region in facilitating different types of lightning

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1029/2009jd012429openalex-snapshot

Small negative cloud‐to‐ground lightning reports at the NASA Kennedy Space Center and Air Force Eastern Range

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1029/2010jd014929openalex-snapshot

Evaluation of U.S. National Lightning Detection Network performance characteristics using rocket-triggered lightning data acquired in 2004–2009

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1029/2011jd016890openalex-snapshot

Lightning morphology and impulse charge moment change of high peak current negative strokes

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1029/94jd01121openalex-snapshot

Microsecond‐scale electric field pulses in cloud lightning discharges

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1029/97jd01975openalex-snapshot

Electric fields of initial breakdown in positive ground flash

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1029/98jd00153openalex-snapshot

A Combined TOA/MDF Technology Upgrade of the U.S. National Lightning Detection Network

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1029/jc084ic06p03159openalex-snapshot

The radiation field wave forms produced by intracloud lightning discharge processes

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1029/jc087ic07p04883openalex-snapshot

Electric fields preceding cloud‐to‐ground lightning flashes

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1029/jd093id12p15933openalex-snapshot

Electric field pulses in close lightning cloud flashes

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1029/jz065i004p01189openalex-snapshot

A comparison of intracloud and cloud-to-ground lightning discharges

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1098/rspa.1937.0001openalex-snapshot

On the nature of atmospherics—IV

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/temc.2009.2023450openalex-snapshot

An Overview of Lightning Locating Systems: History, Techniques, and Data Uses, With an In-Depth Look at the U.S. NLDN

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1175/jtech1908.1openalex-snapshot

Total Lightning Observations with the New and Improved Los Alamos Sferic Array (LASA)

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1541/jae.12.47openalex-snapshot

BREAKDOWN ELECTRIC FIELDS IN WINTER STORMS

What points at this work

Incoming claims: where this work appears in other papers’ reference lists and arguments.

inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4051358openalex-extracted

Lightning-Generated Electric Field Over Land and Sea at Northern Peninsular Malaysia

inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1002/2014gl060913openalex-snapshot

Properties of the unusually short pulse sequences occurring prior to the first strokes of negative cloud‐to‐ground lightning flashes

inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1002/2014jd021553openalex-snapshot

Modeling initial breakdown pulses of CG lightning flashes

inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1002/2014jd021842openalex-snapshot

Lightning-initiator type of narrow bipolar events and their subsequent pulse trains

inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1002/2014jd021994openalex-snapshot

Leader observations during the initial breakdown stage of a lightning flash

inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1002/2014jd022155openalex-snapshot

Electromagnetic activity before initial breakdown pulses of lightning

inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1002/2015gl064777openalex-snapshot

Unipolar and bipolar pulses emitted during the development of lightning flashes

inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1002/2015gl067364openalex-snapshot

Subionospheric propagation and peak currents of preliminary breakdown pulses before negative cloud‐to‐ground lightning discharges

inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1002/2015ja022266openalex-snapshot

Initial breakdown and fast leaders in lightning discharges producing long‐lasting disturbances of the lower ionosphere

inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1002/2015jd023150openalex-snapshot

Observations of positive narrow bipolar pulses

inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1002/2015jd023209openalex-snapshot

Physical mechanism of initial breakdown pulses and narrow bipolar events in lightning discharges

inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1002/2015jd023777openalex-snapshot

A unified engineering model of the first stroke in downward negative lightning

inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1002/2015rs005853openalex-snapshot

Mathematical constraints on the use of transmission line models to investigate the preliminary breakdown stage of lightning flashes

inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1002/2016gl072270openalex-snapshot

Negative first stroke leader characteristics in cloud‐to‐ground lightning over land and ocean

inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1002/2016jd025281openalex-snapshot

Correlation analysis between initial preliminary breakdown process, the characteristic of radiation pulse, and the charge structure on the Qinghai‐Tibetan Plateau

inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1002/2016jd025859openalex-snapshot

Initial electric field changes of lightning flashes in two thunderstorms

inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1002/2016jd025899openalex-snapshot

Characteristic pulse trains of preliminary breakdown in four isolated small thunderstorms

inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1002/2017jd026566openalex-snapshot

Initiation locations of lightning flashes relative to radar reflectivity in four small Florida thunderstorms

inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1002/2017jd027579openalex-snapshot

An Analysis of Total Lightning Flash Rates Over Florida

inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1002/2017jd027729openalex-snapshot

Initial Breakdown Pulse Parameters in Intracloud and Cloud‐to‐Ground Lightning Flashes

inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2021.105450openalex-snapshot

Groups of narrow bipolar events within thunderstorms

inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2022.106126openalex-snapshot

Observation of preliminary breakdown and leader propagation characteristics in a negative cloud to ground flash with two strike points

inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jastp.2015.08.006openalex-snapshot

Characterization of negative cloud-to-ground lightning in Florida

inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1029/2018jd028716openalex-snapshot

Locating Preliminary Breakdown Pulses in Positive Cloud‐to‐Ground Lightning

inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1029/2018jd029907openalex-snapshot

Intracloud Lightning Flashes Initiated at High Altitudes and Dominated by Downward Positive Leaders

inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1029/2018rs006695openalex-snapshot

Modeling Initial Breakdown Pulses of Lightning Flashes Using a Matrix Inversion Method

inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1029/2019ea000582openalex-snapshot

A 3‐Year Sample of Almost 1,600 Elves Recorded Above South America by the Pierre Auger Cosmic‐Ray Observatory

inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1029/2019gl082488openalex-snapshot

Initial Breakdown Pulses Accompanied by VHF Pulses During Negative Cloud‐to‐Ground Lightning Flashes

inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1029/2019jd032104openalex-snapshot

Studying Sequences of Initial Breakdown Pulses in Cloud‐to‐Ground Lightning Flashes

inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1029/2020gl090593openalex-snapshot

Two Propagation Scenarios of Isolated Breakdown Lightning Processes in Failed Negative Cloud‐to‐Ground Flashes

inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1029/2020jd032851openalex-snapshot

Upward Negative Leaders in Positive Upward Lightning in Winter: Propagation Velocities, Electric Field Change Waveforms, and Triggering Mechanism

inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1029/2020jd033191openalex-snapshot

The Mechanism of the Origin and Development of Lightning From Initiating Event to Initial Breakdown Pulses (v.2)

inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1029/2020jd034492openalex-snapshot

Characteristics of Negative Cloud‐To‐Ground Flashes Observed in the Brazilian Amazon Region

inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1029/2021gl097367openalex-snapshot

Implications of Multiple Corona Bursts in Lightning Processes for Radio Frequency Interferometer Observations

inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1029/2021jd035780openalex-snapshot

A Frontal Thunderstorm With Several Multi‐Cell Lines Found to Produce Energetic Preliminary Breakdown

inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1029/2022gl098073openalex-snapshot

LOFAR Observations of Lightning Initial Breakdown Pulses

inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1029/2023gl103864openalex-snapshot

A Strong Pulsing Nature of Negative Intracloud Dart Leaders Accompanied by Regular Trains of Microsecond‐Scale Pulses

inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1029/2024jd041302openalex-snapshot

Continuous Initial Breakdown Development of In‐Cloud Lightning Flashes

inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1029/2025gl116986openalex-snapshot

The Nature of Standing Plasma Waves Following Fast Breakdown in Thunderstorms

inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-38351-6openalex-snapshot

Lightning at Jupiter pulsates with a similar rhythm as in-cloud lightning at Earth

inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-51684-0openalex-snapshot

Whistler echo trains triggered by energetic winter lightning

inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-025-00965-6openalex-snapshot

Rapid evolution of energetic lightning strokes in Mediterranean winter storms

inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1063/5.0198156openalex-snapshot

Evaluating the impact of air terminal geometry on lightning intercept efficacy under a strong background electric field

inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/602/1/012020openalex-snapshot

Morphological characteristics of preliminary breakdown pulses of hybrid intra cloud–negative cloud-to-ground lightning at low lattitude

inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1109/iclp.2014.6973356openalex-snapshot

Measurement of preliminary breakdown pulse trains in cloud-to-ground lightning using lightning locating systems

inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1109/iclp.2014.6973427openalex-snapshot

Characterization of negative cloud-to-ground lightning in Florida: Revisited

inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1109/iclp.2016.7791383openalex-snapshot

Power spectrum density analysis of intra-cloud lightning discharge components from electric field recordings in Poland

inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6381439openalex-snapshot

Comparing the Wave Characteristics of Breakdown Pulses of the Lightning Waveforms in the Himalayan Region

inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v11.i2.pp711-717openalex-snapshot

Sub Microsecond Analysis of Negative Cloud-To-Ground Lightning Flashes

inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1541/jae.39.16openalex-snapshot

A negative cloud-to-ground lightning flash initiating at a high altitude and starting without classic preliminary breakdown pulses

inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.15676/ijeei.2016.8.2.14openalex-snapshot

Some Characteristics of Multiple Stroke Negative Cloud to Ground Lightning Flashes in Padang

inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.3390/atmos16070765openalex-snapshot

Characterization of Hybrid Lightning Flashes Observed by Fast Antenna Lightning Mapping Array in Summer Thunderstorms

inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.3390/atmos6121837openalex-snapshot

Electric Field Signatures in Wideband, 3 MHz and 30 MHz of Negative Ground Flashes Pertinent to Swedish Thunderstorms

inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.3390/atmos7030039openalex-snapshot

Characteristics of Preliminary Breakdown Pulses in Positive Ground Flashes during Summer Thunderstorms in Sweden

inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.3390/atmos7100130openalex-snapshot

A Study of Preliminary Breakdown and Return Stroke Processes in High-Intensity Negative Lightning Discharges

inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-1791-2025openalex-snapshot

Post-return stroke VHF electromagnetic activity in north-western Mediterranean cloud-to-ground lightning flashes

inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.7862/re.2015.14openalex-snapshot

SYGNATURY POLA ELEKTRYCZNEGO UDARÓW PIORUNOWYCH OTRZYMANE Z NOWEJ STACJI DETEKCYJNEJ POLITECHNIKI RZESZOWSKIEJ

Editorial review for independent work. ICSAC — the Institute for Complexity Science and Advanced Computing — runs a structured editorial panel for researchers publishing outside journals, and publishes on CiteStamp rails. Submission is free and goes through ORCID: icsacinstitute.org/submit.