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Evolution of the vertebral formulae in mammals: A perspective on developmental constraints

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Outgoing claims: the papers this work cites, builds on, or argues with.

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The mitochondrial genome of a monotreme—the platypus (Ornithrohynchus anatinus)
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Localized and Transient Transcription of Hox Genes Suggests a Link between Patterning and the Segmentation Clock
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Interordinal relationships and timescale of eutherian evolution as inferred from mitochondrial genome data
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Phylogenetic Constraint in Evolutionary Theory: Has It Any Explanatory Power?
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PARALOGOUS HOX GENES: Function and Regulation
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Specification of vertebral identity is coupled to Notch signalling and the segmentation clock
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Hox genes and the evolution of vertebrate axial morphology
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inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1387/ijdb.7848839openalex-snapshot
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inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv228vqrqopenalex-snapshot
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The Shape of Life

What points at this work

Incoming claims: where this work appears in other papers’ reference lists and arguments.

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Regional differentiation of felid vertebral column evolution: a study of 3D shape trajectories
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Vertebral formula and numerical variations in the spine of the Antarctic and southern South American penguins (Aves: Sphenisciformes)
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Morphology
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Heritability in the Rhesus Macaque (Macaca mulatta) Vertebral Column
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.22901openalex-snapshot
Vertebral numbers and human evolution
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Primate tails: Ancestral state reconstruction and determinants of interspecific variation in primate tail length
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Evolutionary selection and morphological integration in the vertebral column of modern humans
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Comparative Morphological Configuration of the Cardiac Nervous System in Lorises and Galagos (Infraorder Lorisiformes, Strepsirrhini, Primates) with Evolutionary Perspective
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Effects of Precaudal Elongation on Visceral Topography in a Basal Clade of Ray‐Finned Fishes
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Vertebral pattern variation in the North Sea harbor porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) by computed tomography
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Modularity and integration of the neural arch and vertebral centrum in primates
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Morphological variation in atlas and axis of Neotropical spiny rats (Rodentia, Echimyidae)
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Modular adaptation of the ribcage in response to artificial selection for endurance running
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The new framework for understanding placental mammal evolution
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Zebrafish crocc2 mutants exhibit divergent craniofacial shape, misregulated variability, and aberrant cartilage morphogenesis
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Phenotypic integration in the carnivoran backbone and the evolution of functional differentiation in metameric structures
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Postcranial skeleton of Goodwin's brush‐tailed mouse (Calomyscus elburzensis Goodwin, 1939) (Rodentia: Calomyscidae): Shape, size, function, and locomotor adaptation
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Primitive versus derived traits in the developmental program of the vertebrate head: views from cyclostome developmental studies
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Developmental control of segment numbers in vertebrates
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1002/jez.b.21353openalex-snapshot
From fetus to adult—an allometric analysis of the giraffe vertebral column
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Variation in anthropoid vertebral formulae: implications for homology and homoplasy in hominoid evolution
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Variation in anthropoid vertebral formulae: implications for homology and homoplasy in hominoid evolution
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Ontogenetic criteria to distinguish vertebral types on the debated xenarthran synsacrum
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1002/jmor.20382openalex-snapshot
Evolutionary allometry of the thoracolumbar centra in felids and bovids
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Trunk elongation and ontogenetic changes in the axial skeleton of Triturus newts
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The noncervical lateral transverse foramina
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The squirrel is in the detail: Anatomy and morphometry of the tail in Sciuromorpha (Rodentia, Mammalia)
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1002/spp2.1220openalex-snapshot
Postcranial morphology of the Early Triassic epicynodont Galesaurus planiceps (Owen) from the Karoo Basin, South Africa
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-19349-2_5openalex-snapshot
Miocene Ape Spinal Morphology: The Evolution of Orthogrady
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-19349-2_6openalex-snapshot
Numbers of Vertebrae in Hominoid Evolution
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The Spine of Australopithecus
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Evolutionary and Developmental Issues of Cervical Ribs/Evolutionary Issues of Cervical Ribs
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Adaptation
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Introduction to the Structure, Function, and Comparative Anatomy of the Vertebrae and the Intervertebral Disc
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Adaptation
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Evodevo Questions Related to Ornamental Morphology
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Prominent caudal shift of the lumbar plexus roots in spines with 18 thoracolumbar vertebrae
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Is the iliolumbar ligament a reliable identifier of the L5 vertebra in lumbosacral transitional anomalies?
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Neuroanatomical and neurochemical atlas of the spiny mouse (Acomys cahirinus) spinal cord
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/s00435-022-00559-3openalex-snapshot
Vertebral anomalies in a natural population of Taricha granulosa (Caudata: Salamandridae)
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Variability of tail length in hybrids of the Japanese macaque (Macaca fuscata) and the Taiwanese macaque (Macaca cyclopis)
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Intervertebral and Epiphyseal Fusion in the Postnatal Ontogeny of Cetaceans and Terrestrial Mammals
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Growth Pattern and Functional Morphology of the Cervical Vertebrae in the Gerenuk (Litocranius walleri): The Evolution of Neck Elongation in Antilopini (Bovidae, Artiodactyla)
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An Overview of Xenarthran Developmental Studies with a Focus on the Development of the Xenarthrous Vertebrae
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Xenarthran Synsacrum Morphology and Evolution
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Built for Strength: Functional Insights from the Thoracolumbar and Sacrocaudal Regions of the Late Miocene Amphicyonid Magericyon anceps (Carnivora, Amphicyonidae) from Batallones-1 (Madrid, Spain)
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Evolution of the Mammalian Neck from Developmental, Morpho-Functional, and Paleontological Perspectives
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How to weigh a fossil mammal? South American notoungulates as a case study for estimating body mass in extinct clades
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The ancestral morphology of lumbar vertebrae and its diversification in early Cenozoic mammals
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Interdisciplinary Lessons for the Teaching of Biology from the Practice of Evo-Devo
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Evolutionary Developmental Biology and Human Language Evolution: Constraints on Adaptation
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Evo-Devo of the Human Vertebral Column: On Homeotic Transformations, Pathologies and Prenatal Selection
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Shape Covariation (or the Lack Thereof) Between Vertebrae and Other Skeletal Traits in Felids: The Whole is Not Always Greater than the Sum of Parts
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Coming to Grips with Evolvability
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Determination of whether morphometric analysis of vertebrae in the domestic cat (Felis catus) is related to sex or skull shape
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/s12565-022-00657-8openalex-snapshot
Relationship between the lumbosacral plexus deviation and 12th rib length in Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata)
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/s13258-019-00843-5openalex-snapshot
Association analysis of polymorphism in the NR6A1 gene with the lumbar vertebrae number traits in sheep
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The Vertebral Column and Spinal Meninges
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Great apes and humans evolved from a long-backed ancestor
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A Jurassic mammaliaform and the earliest mammalian evolutionary adaptations
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Three new Jurassic euharamiyidan species reinforce early divergence of mammals
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Breaking constraint of mammalian axial formulae
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Nr6a1 controls Hox expression dynamics and is a master regulator of vertebrate trunk development
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Repatterning of mammalian backbone regionalization in cetaceans
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-63606-9openalex-snapshot
Cellular and genetic mechanisms that shape the development and evolution of tail vertebral proportion in mice and jerboas
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-017-0247-yopenalex-snapshot
Anatomical integration of the sacral–hindlimb unit coordinated by GDF11 underlies variation in hindlimb positioning in tetrapods
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-019-0894-2openalex-snapshot
Increased variation in numbers of presacral vertebrae in suspensory mammals
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-023-01982-5openalex-snapshot
Divergent vertebral formulae shape the evolution of axial complexity in mammals
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03433-2openalex-snapshot
Fossoriality and evolutionary development in two Cretaceous mammaliamorphs
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-07095-8openalex-snapshot
On the genetic basis of tail-loss evolution in humans and apes
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-09133-0openalex-snapshot
Deep time perspective on turtle neck evolution: chasing the Hox code by vertebral morphology
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-56709-zopenalex-snapshot
The phenotypic morphology of human lumbar plexus roots associated with changes in the thoracolumbar vertebral count and trade-off
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-021-02346-0openalex-snapshot
Serial disparity in the carnivoran backbone unveils a complex adaptive role in metameric evolution
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-023-05512-8openalex-snapshot
The impact of the land-to-sea transition on evolutionary integration and modularity of the pinniped backbone
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1038/srep19240openalex-snapshot
Possible introgression of the VRTN mutation increasing vertebral number, carcass length and teat number from Chinese pigs into European pigs
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1053/j.jepm.2024.03.007openalex-snapshot
Vertebral formulae and congenital vertebral anomalies in African pygmy hedgehogs (Atelerix albiventris)
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0602920103openalex-snapshot
Developmental basis for hind-limb loss in dolphins and origin of the cetacean bodyplan
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0912622107openalex-snapshot
Homeotic effects, somitogenesis and the evolution of vertebral numbers in recent and fossil amniotes
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1010335107openalex-snapshot
Skeletal development in sloths and the evolution of mammalian vertebral patterning
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1300592110openalex-snapshot
Role of a polymorphism in a Hox/Pax-responsive enhancer in the evolution of the vertebrate spine
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1401392111openalex-snapshot
Fast running restricts evolutionary change of the vertebral column in mammals
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2411421121openalex-snapshot
Homeotic and nonhomeotic patterns in the tetrapod vertebral formula
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/01691864.2022.2086018openalex-snapshot
Comparative anatomy of quadruped robots and animals: a review
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/02724634.2012.707717openalex-snapshot
Developmental biology enriches paleontology
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/02724634.2016.1224892openalex-snapshot
The evolution of lateral accessory articulations in the lumbar region of perissodactyls
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/02724634.2017.1315425openalex-snapshot
The postcranial skeleton ofYanoconodon allinifrom the Early Cretaceous of Hebei, China, and its implications for locomotor adaptation in eutriconodontan mammals
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/02724634.2020.1799818openalex-snapshot
Postcranial Morphology ofAdalatherium hui(Mammalia, Gondwanatheria) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/02724634.2020.1811292openalex-snapshot
Dental morphology ofAdalatherium hui(Mammalia, Gondwanatheria) from the LATE Cretaceous of Madagascar
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/09064702.2023.2248120openalex-snapshot
Variation in the number of thoracolumbar vertebrae in Suffolk lambs and its effect on the weight and zoometric measurements of the carcass
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/14767058.2018.1431622openalex-snapshot
Increased prevalence of abnormal vertebral patterning in fetuses and neonates with trisomy 21
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/14772000.2010.484436openalex-snapshot
Recapitulating the evolution of Afrotheria: 57 genes and rare genomic changes (RGCs) consolidate their history
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/23144599.2022.2163561openalex-snapshot
Lumbar vertebral pattern variation in the common opossum ( Didelphis marsupialis Linnaeus, 1758): implication on lumbar nerve distribution
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1088/1361-665x/ae02ceopenalex-snapshot
Frontier advances in bionic-driven low-frequency nonlinear vibration isolation systems: a review of design mechanisms and analytical methods
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1093/9780197831533.001.0001openalex-snapshot
Adaptationist Evo-Devo
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1093/9780197831533.002.0004openalex-snapshot
Dedication
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1093/9780197831533.003.0001openalex-snapshot
Introduction
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1093/9780197831533.003.0002openalex-snapshot
Standard adaptation
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1093/9780197831533.003.0003openalex-snapshot
Developmental potential and adaptation
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1093/9780197831533.003.0004openalex-snapshot
Evolution and developmental systems
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1093/9780197831533.003.0005openalex-snapshot
Understanding phenotypic plasticity and its role in evolution
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1093/9780197831533.003.0006openalex-snapshot
Building adaptationist evo-devo explanations of organismal form
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1093/9780197831533.003.0007openalex-snapshot
Conclusion
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1093/9780197831533.003.0008openalex-snapshot
Glossary
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1093/evolut/qpag104openalex-snapshot
Clade-specific drivers of rapid vertebral evolution in squamate reptiles
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evag048openalex-snapshot
Genome Evolution and the Enigmatic Axial Skeleton of the Hero Shew (Soricidae: Scutisorex Somereni )
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1093/icb/icm081openalex-snapshot
Evolutionary novelties: the making and breaking of pleiotropic constraints
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1093/icb/icq029openalex-snapshot
Axial Elongation in Fishes: Using Morphological Approaches to Elucidate Developmental Mechanisms in Studying Body Shape
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/gyab138openalex-snapshot
Skeletal radiographic anatomy of echidnas: insights into unusual mammals
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1093/ve/veaf005openalex-snapshot
Genome sizes of animal RNA viruses reflect phylogenetic constraints
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1097/ogx.0000000000000388openalex-snapshot
Adverse Fetal and Neonatal Outcome and an Abnormal Vertebral Pattern: A Systematic Review
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2022.0047openalex-snapshot
Body-axis organization in tetrapods: a model-system to disentangle the developmental origins of convergent evolution in deep time
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.150521openalex-snapshot
The cervical anatomy of Samotherium , an intermediate-necked giraffid
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.150604openalex-snapshot
Functional cervicothoracic boundary modified by anatomical shifts in the neck of giraffes
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.181588openalex-snapshot
Correlated evolution of neck length and leg length in birds
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.240233openalex-snapshot
Extreme neck elongation evolved despite strong developmental constraints in bizarre Triassic reptiles—implications for neck modularity in archosaurs
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2015.0077openalex-snapshot
Correlation betweenHoxcode and vertebral morphology in archosaurs
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2019.1771openalex-snapshot
Divergent evolutionary morphology of the axial skeleton as a potential key innovation in modern cetaceans
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2023.1592openalex-snapshot
The functional significance of aberrant cervical counts in sloths: insights from automated exhaustive analysis of cervical range of motion
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1101/2022.03.21.485239openalex-snapshot
Nr6a1 controls axially-restricted body elongation, segmentation, patterning and lineage allocation
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1101/2024.10.25.620311openalex-snapshot
Cellular and molecular mechanisms that shape the development and evolution of tail vertebral proportion in mice and jerboas
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1101/2025.05.23.655800openalex-snapshot
Somitic Change Drives Changes in Vertebral Regionalisation in African Cichlids Despite Strong Canalisation of Somite Number
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1101/784926openalex-snapshot
“Abnormal vertebral patterns in genetically heterogeneous deceased fetuses and neonates: evidence of selection against variations”
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1101/gr.6085507openalex-snapshot
Fine mapping of a swine quantitative trait locus for number of vertebrae and analysis of an orphan nuclear receptor, germ cell nuclear factor (NR6A1)
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1111/1749-4877.12271openalex-snapshot
Evolutionary changes of Hox genes and relevant regulatory factors provide novel insights into mammalian morphological modifications
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1111/1749-4877.12484openalex-snapshot
Population genome of the newly discovered Jinchuan yak to understand its adaptive evolution in extreme environments and generation mechanism of the multirib trait
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1111/age.13237openalex-snapshot
Genome‐wide association study revealed ABCD4 on SSC7 and GREB1L and MIB1 on SSC6 as crucial candidate genes for rib number in Beijing Black pigs
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1111/ahe.12247openalex-snapshot
Gross Osteology, Radiographic and Computed Tomographic Morphology of the Axial Skeleton of the Nine‐Banded Armadillo (Dasypus novemcinctus)
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1111/ahe.12725openalex-snapshot
Morphometric analysis of cervical vertebrae in some marine and land mammals
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1111/ahe.12883openalex-snapshot
Morphometric analysis of the spinal cord of the Sus scrofa (large white and landrace crossbreed)
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1111/ans.17402openalex-snapshot
Missing cervical vertebrae
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1111/brv.12578openalex-snapshot
Development and evolution of the tetrapod skull–neck boundary
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1111/brv.70099openalex-snapshot
New perspectives on head and neck allometry and ecomorphology in tetrapods
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1111/dgd.12243openalex-snapshot
Expansion of the neck reconstituted the shoulder–diaphragm in amniote evolution
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1111/ede.12069openalex-snapshot
Ontogenetic allometry in the thoracolumbar spine of mammal species with differing gait use
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1111/ede.12136openalex-snapshot
New insights into the vertebral Hox code of archosaurs
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1111/ede.12218openalex-snapshot
Unravelling intravertebral integration, modularity and disparity in Felidae (Mammalia)
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1111/ede.12227openalex-snapshot
Finding sacral: Developmental evolution of the axial skeleton of odontocetes (Cetacea)
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1111/ede.12424openalex-snapshot
Breaking the constraint on the number of cervical vertebrae in mammals: On homeotic transformations in lorises and pottos
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1111/evo.13217openalex-snapshot
Developmental mechanisms of macroevolutionary change in the tetrapod axis: A case study of Sauropterygia
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1111/evo.13232openalex-snapshot
Differential scaling patterns of vertebrae and the evolution of neck length in mammals
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1111/evo.13702openalex-snapshot
Shared extremes by ectotherms and endotherms: Body elongation in mustelids is associated with small size and reduced limbs
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1111/evo.13815openalex-snapshot
Head‐turning morphologies: Evolution of shape diversity in the mammalian atlas–axis complex
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14143openalex-snapshot
Evolutionary and morphological patterns underlying carnivoran body shape diversity
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14614openalex-snapshot
Evolutionary rates and shape variation along the anuran vertebral column with attention to phylogeny, body size, and ecology
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1111/j.0014-3820.2006.tb01896.xopenalex-snapshot
EXTREME SELECTION IN HUMANS AGAINST HOMEOTIC TRANSFORMATIONS OF CERVICAL VERTEBRAE
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8312.2007.00714.xopenalex-snapshot
Evolution of axial patterning in elongate fishes
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00458.xopenalex-snapshot
The giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis) cervical vertebral column: a heuristic example in understanding evolutionary processes?
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2052.2011.02313.xopenalex-snapshot
Mapping and fine mapping of quantitative trait loci for the number of vertebrae in a W hite D uroc × C hinese E rhualian intercross resource population
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1111/j.1420-9101.2011.02240.xopenalex-snapshot
Variability and constraint in the mammalian vertebral column
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4983.2011.01036.xopenalex-snapshot
Postcranial morphology, functional adaptations and palaeobiology of Callistoe vincei, a predaceous metatherian from the Eocene of Salta, north‐western Argentina
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-142x.2007.00160.xopenalex-snapshot
Modular evolution of the Cetacean vertebral column
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-142x.2008.00303.xopenalex-snapshot
Anatomical transformation in mammals: developmental origin of aberrant cervical anatomy in tree sloths
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-142x.2012.00560.xopenalex-snapshot
Fixed cervical count and the origin of the mammalian diaphragm
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.2008.00384.xopenalex-snapshot
CONVERGENCE IN A MECHANICALLY COMPLEX PHENOTYPE: DETECTING STRUCTURAL ADAPTATIONS FOR CRUSHING IN CICHLID FISH
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-7692.2010.00411.xopenalex-snapshot
Vertebral and rib anatomy in Caperea marginata: Implications for evolutionary patterning of the mammalian vertebral column
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1111/joa.12502openalex-snapshot
Developmental origin of the clavicle, and its implications for the evolution of the neck and the paired appendages in vertebrates
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1111/joa.12638openalex-snapshot
Closure of the vertebral canal in human embryos and fetuses
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1111/joa.13111openalex-snapshot
The range of atlanto‐occipital joint motion in cetaceans reflects their feeding behavior
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1111/joa.13591openalex-snapshot
Variation in vertebrae shape across small‐bodied newts reveals functional and developmental constraints acting upon the trunk region
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1111/joa.13799openalex-snapshot
Truly dorsostable runners: Vertebral mobility in rhinoceroses, tapirs, and horses
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1111/joa.13955openalex-snapshot
Running, jumping, hunting, and scavenging: Functional analysis of vertebral mobility and backbone properties in carnivorans
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1111/mms.12100openalex-snapshot
New material of Natchitochia jonesi and a comparison of the innominata and locomotor capabilities of Protocetidae
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12403openalex-snapshot
Cryptic complexity in felid vertebral evolution: shape differentiation and allometry of the axial skeleton
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1126/science.1260880openalex-snapshot
Evolutionary development in basal mammaliaforms as revealed by a docodontan
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1130/abs/2021am-369056openalex-snapshot
EVOLVABILITY IN THE FOSSIL RECORD
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1134/s0031030114040042openalex-snapshot
On the phylogenetic position of monotremes (Mammalia, Monotremata)
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.11081511openalex-snapshot
Effect of Spinal Segment Variants on Numbering Vertebral Levels at Lumbar MR Imaging
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