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Detecting functional and security‐related issues in smart contracts: A systematic literature review

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What this work says

Outgoing claims: the papers this work cites, builds on, or argues with.

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-48166-4_14openalex-snapshot
The Concept of Dynamic Analysis
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-00305-0_3openalex-snapshot
On Symbolic Verification of Bitcoin’s script Language
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-03427-6_24openalex-snapshot
Security Analysis of Smart Contracts in Datalog
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-03427-6_28openalex-snapshot
SMT-Based Verification of Solidity Smart Contracts
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-03592-1_13openalex-snapshot
Towards Verification of Ethereum Smart Contracts: A Formalization of Core of Solidity
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-03769-7_8openalex-snapshot
Monitoring Smart Contracts: ContractLarva and Open Challenges Beyond
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-16181-1_51openalex-snapshot
DOORchain: Deep Ontology-Based Operation Research to Detect Malicious Smart Contracts
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-26574-8_6openalex-snapshot
A Software Analysis Based Vulnerability Detection System For Smart Contracts
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-30942-8_35openalex-snapshot
IELE: A Rigorously Designed Language and Tool Ecosystem for the Blockchain
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-31500-9_19openalex-snapshot
Practical Mutation Testing for Smart Contracts
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32409-4_18openalex-snapshot
sCompile: Critical Path Identification and Analysis for Smart Contracts
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-35653-8_32openalex-snapshot
Detect Abnormal Behaviours in Ethereum Smart Contracts Using Attack Vectors
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36938-5_26openalex-snapshot
An Efficient Vulnerability Detection Model for Ethereum Smart Contracts
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-41600-3_7openalex-snapshot
Formal Verification of Workflow Policies for Smart Contracts in Azure Blockchain
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44041-1_111openalex-snapshot
An Event-B Based Approach for Formal Modelling and Verification of Smart Contracts
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45234-6_4openalex-snapshot
A Generalized Formal Semantic Framework for Smart Contracts
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-25527-9_11openalex-snapshot
Validation of Decentralised Smart Contracts Through Game Theory and Formal Methods
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70278-0_33openalex-snapshot
Defining the Ethereum Virtual Machine for Interactive Theorem Provers
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72359-4_1openalex-snapshot
An Adaptive Gas Cost Mechanism for Ethereum to Defend Against Under-Priced DoS Attacks
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-73830-7_29openalex-snapshot
Using Virtualization for Blockchain Testing
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89722-6_10openalex-snapshot
A Semantic Framework for the Security Analysis of Ethereum Smart Contracts
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1137-0_4openalex-snapshot
Secure Smart Contract Generation Based on Petri Nets
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-3278-8_6openalex-snapshot
A New Approach to Prevent Reentrant Attack in Solidity Smart Contracts
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cose.2019.101604openalex-snapshot
Am I eclipsed? A smart detector of eclipse attacks for Ethereum
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnca.2020.102530openalex-snapshot
FSFC: An input filter-based secure framework for smart contract
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2020.110891openalex-snapshot
A systematic literature review of blockchain and smart contract development: Techniques, tools, and open challenges
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tele.2018.11.006openalex-snapshot
A systematic literature review of blockchain-based applications: Current status, classification and open issues
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1049/sej.1995.0010openalex-snapshot
Industrial perspective on static analysis
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2880744openalex-snapshot
Blockchain for Cities—A Systematic Literature Review
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2921624openalex-snapshot
A Survey on Security Verification of Blockchain Smart Contracts
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2947146openalex-snapshot
A Critical-Path-Coverage-Based Vulnerability Detection Method for Smart Contracts
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/aiccsa.2016.7945805openalex-snapshot
Blockchain for the Internet of Things: A systematic literature review
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/apsec48747.2019.00069openalex-snapshot
SIF: A Framework for Solidity Contract Instrumentation and Analysis
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/apsec48747.2019.00071openalex-snapshot
SolAnalyser: A Framework for Analysing and Testing Smart Contracts
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/ase.2019.00133openalex-snapshot
Manticore: A User-Friendly Symbolic Execution Framework for Binaries and Smart Contracts
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/ase.2019.00136openalex-snapshot
MuSC: A Tool for Mutation Testing of Ethereum Smart Contract
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/blockchain.2019.00050openalex-snapshot
Deviant: A Mutation Testing Tool for Solidity Smart Contracts
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/cirsyssim.2019.8935603openalex-snapshot
Smart Contract Defect Detection Based on Parallel Symbolic Execution
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/csf.2018.00022openalex-snapshot
KEVM: A Complete Formal Semantics of the Ethereum Virtual Machine
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/dappcon.2019.00018openalex-snapshot
A Survey of Tools for Analyzing Ethereum Smart Contracts
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/iccbb.2018.8756390openalex-snapshot
Blockchain-based Smart Contracts: A Systematic Mapping Study of Academic Research (2018)
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/iciscae51034.2020.9236931openalex-snapshot
A Survey on Vulnerability Detection Tools of Smart Contract Bytecode
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/icpc.2019.00048openalex-snapshot
Towards Automated Testing of Blockchain-Based Decentralized Applications
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/icse-companion.2019.00029openalex-snapshot
EASYFLOW: Keep Ethereum Away from Overflow
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/icse-companion.2019.00059openalex-snapshot
Guided, Automated Testing of Blockchain-Based Decentralized Applications
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/icse-nier.2019.00009openalex-snapshot
VULTRON: Catching Vulnerable Smart Contracts Once and for All
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/icse.1993.346058openalex-snapshot
Observations on industrial practice using formal methods
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/iotsms48152.2019.8939256openalex-snapshot
SoliAudit: Smart Contract Vulnerability Assessment Based on Machine Learning and Fuzz Testing
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/issre.2019.00052openalex-snapshot
MPro: Combining Static and Symbolic Analysis for Scalable Testing of Smart Contract
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/ntms.2019.8763832openalex-snapshot
Survey of Formal Verification Methods for Smart Contracts on Blockchain
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/pst47121.2019.8949045openalex-snapshot
Machine Learning Model for Smart Contracts Security Analysis
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/saner.2019.8668038openalex-snapshot
EVM: From Offline Detection to Online Reinforcement for Ethereum Virtual Machine
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/saner48275.2020.9054822openalex-snapshot
EthPloit: From Fuzzing to Efficient Exploit Generation against Smart Contracts
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/saner48275.2020.9054825openalex-snapshot
SMARTSHIELD: Automatic Smart Contract Protection Made Easy
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/wetseb.2019.00008openalex-snapshot
Slither: A Static Analysis Framework for Smart Contracts
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1134/s0361768819080164openalex-snapshot
Debugging Smart Contract’s Business Logic Using Symbolic Model Checking
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1145/2976749.2978309openalex-snapshot
Making Smart Contracts Smarter
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1145/2993600.2993611openalex-snapshot
Formal Verification of Smart Contracts
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1145/3158136openalex-snapshot
Online detection of effectively callback free objects with applications to smart contracts
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1145/3167084openalex-snapshot
Towards verifying ethereum smart contract bytecode in Isabelle/HOL
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1145/3183440.3183495openalex-snapshot
ReGuard
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1145/3185089.3185138openalex-snapshot
Formal Modeling and Verification of Smart Contracts
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1145/3194113.3194115openalex-snapshot
SmartCheck
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1145/3236024.3264591openalex-snapshot
A formal verification tool for Ethereum VM bytecode
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1145/3238147.3238177openalex-snapshot
ContractFuzzer: fuzzing smart contracts for vulnerability detection
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1145/3238147.3240728openalex-snapshot
S-gram: towards semantic-aware security auditing for Ethereum smart contracts
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1145/3243734.3243780openalex-snapshot
Securify
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1145/3274694.3274737openalex-snapshot
Osiris
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1145/3274694.3274743openalex-snapshot
Finding The Greedy, Prodigal, and Suicidal Contracts at Scale
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1145/3276486openalex-snapshot
MadMax: surviving out-of-gas conditions in Ethereum smart contracts
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1145/3278312.3278321openalex-snapshot
A Parallel Smart Contract Model
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1145/3290326openalex-snapshot
Type-guided worst-case input generation
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1145/3293882.3330560openalex-snapshot
Exploiting the laws of order in smart contracts
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1145/3293882.3338999openalex-snapshot
SAFEVM: a safety verifier for Ethereum smart contracts
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1145/3297280.3297322openalex-snapshot
The treewidth of smart contracts
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1145/3319535.3363230openalex-snapshot
Learning to Fuzz from Symbolic Execution with Application to Smart Contracts
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1145/3341105.3374226openalex-snapshot
Etherolic
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1145/3360611openalex-snapshot
Safer smart contract programming with Scilla
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1145/3377644.3377650openalex-snapshot
Static Analysis of Integer Overflow of Smart Contracts in Ethereum
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1145/3391195openalex-snapshot
A Survey on Ethereum Systems Security
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1145/390016.808444openalex-snapshot
A new approach to program testing
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003187165-10openalex-snapshot
Public and private blockchains
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.14722/ndss.2018.23082openalex-snapshot
ZEUS: Analyzing Safety of Smart Contracts
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3440802openalex-snapshot
Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3977007openalex-snapshot
Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.5121/csit.2017.71011openalex-snapshot
Blockchain Based Smart Contracts : A Systematic Mapping Study
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.5210/fm.v2i9.548openalex-snapshot
Formalizing and Securing Relationships on Public Networks

What points at this work

Incoming claims: where this work appears in other papers’ reference lists and arguments.

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A Multi‐Level Role‐Based Provable Data Possession Scheme for Medical Cloud Storage
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1002/spe.3361openalex-snapshot
Are the smart contracts on Q&A site reliable?
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VDABSys: A Novel Security-Testing Framework for Blockchain Systems Based on Vulnerability detection
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Evaluation of State-of-the-Art Machine Learning Smart Contract Vulnerability Detection Method
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-27343-7_3openalex-snapshot
Formal Method Approach for Verification of Blockchain Smart Contract for E-Governance Using Event B
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/s10664-025-10639-9openalex-snapshot
Why and how developers maintain smart contracts
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Digital assets: vulnerabilities and their classification
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An IoT-enabled blockchain system to secure medical data
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A systematic literature review on dynamic testing of blockchain oriented software
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VdaBSC: A Novel Vulnerability Detection Approach for Blockchain Smart Contract by Dynamic Analysis
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Enhancing smart contract security: Leveraging pre‐trained language models for advanced vulnerability detection
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A Comprehensive Analysis of Blockchain Technology and Consensus Protocols Across Multilayered Framework
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Blockchain Security in Focus: A Comprehensive Investigation Into Threats, Smart Contract Security, Cross-Chain Bridges, and Vulnerabilities Detection Tools and Techniques
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1109/ccnc51664.2024.10454763openalex-snapshot
Detecting Reentrancy Vulnerability in Smart Contracts using Graph Convolution Networks
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Secure and Scalable Blockchain Architecture for Seamless Cross-Border Payment and Settlement Systems
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1109/icccnt61001.2024.10724736openalex-snapshot
Smart Contracts and the Law: A Computer Engineering Perspective
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SELLM: An Integrated Tool Leveraging Symbolic Execution and LLMS for Smart Contract Vulnerability Detection
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Smart Contract Vulnerability Detection Model Based on Supervised Bi-PCA
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1109/idaacs58523.2023.10348890openalex-snapshot
Enforcement of Web3 Security by Use Blockchain and LLMs
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1109/tsc.2024.3463394openalex-snapshot
A Survey on Security Analysis Methods of Smart Contracts
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Towards Finding Accounting Errors in Smart Contracts
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When Contracts Meets Crypto: Exploring Developers' Struggles with Ethereum Cryptographic APIs
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1145/3769013openalex-snapshot
Blockchain Smart Contract Security: Threats and Mitigation Strategies in a Lifecycle Perspective
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Active tokens and crypto-asset valuation
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Smart Contract Security in Decentralized Finance: Enhancing Vulnerability Detection with Reinforcement Learning
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Ethereum Smart Contracts Under Scrutiny: A Survey of Security Verification Tools, Techniques, and Challenges
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Integrating AI With Blockchains for Securing Cloud-Based IoT Networks
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The Smart Contracts in the Oil, Gas and Petrochemical Industry
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