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A Literature Review of Textual Cyber Abuse Detection Using Cutting‐Edge Natural Language Processing Techniques: Language Models and Large Language Models

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Outgoing claims: the papers this work cites, builds on, or argues with.

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Vulnerability of Older Adults to Government Impersonation Scams

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Prevalence and Effect of Cyberbullying on Children and Young People

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Doxxing

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Deep recurrent neural network‐based Aquila optimization‐based online shaming emotion analysis

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Community detection in social networks

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Data mining and crime analysis

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Hate Speech Detection Using Static BERT Embeddings

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LLM Adoption Trends and Associated Risks

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HATDO: hybrid Archimedes Tasmanian devil optimization CNN for classifying offensive comments and non-offensive comments

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Multi-input integrative learning using deep neural networks and transfer learning for cyberbullying detection in real-time code-mix data

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1007/s10462-024-10888-yopenalex-snapshot

Large language models (LLMs): survey, technical frameworks, and future challenges

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UHated: hate speech detection in Urdu language using transfer learning

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1007/s10586-022-03668-2openalex-snapshot

Survey of Techniques on Data Leakage Protection and Methods to address the Insider threat

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1007/s10586-022-03956-xopenalex-snapshot

BERT-based ensemble learning for multi-aspect hate speech detection

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The role of cybersecurity as a preventive measure in digital tourism and travel: a systematic literature review

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Peer Cybervictimization Among Adolescents and the Associated Internalizing and Externalizing Problems: A Meta-Analysis

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COVID-19 and cyberbullying: deep ensemble model to identify cyberbullying from code-switched languages during the pandemic

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TrollsWithOpinion: A taxonomy and dataset for predicting domain-specific opinion manipulation in troll memes

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HateDetector: Multilingual technique for the analysis and detection of online hate speech in social networks

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-023-16685-zopenalex-snapshot

CIPF: Identifying fake profiles on social media using a CNN-based communal influence propagation framework

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Combining multiple pre-trained models for hate speech detection in Bengali, Marathi, and Hindi

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Performance analysis of transformer-based architectures and their ensembles to detect trait-based cyberbullying

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1007/s13278-023-01061-4openalex-snapshot

Unsupervised fine-grained hate speech target community detection and characterisation on social media

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1007/s13278-023-01158-wopenalex-snapshot

Enhancing cyberbullying detection: a comparative study of ensemble CNN–SVM and BERT models

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1007/s13278-023-01161-1openalex-snapshot

Keeping it authentic: the social footprint of the trolls’ network

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1007/s13278-023-01183-9openalex-snapshot

Offensive language and hate speech detection using deep learning in football news live streaming chat on YouTube in Thailand

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-023-08100-4openalex-snapshot

Data Augmentation for Improving Explainability of Hate Speech Detection

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-024-09540-2openalex-snapshot

Improving Hate Speech Classification Through Ensemble Learning and Explainable AI Techniques

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1007/s40653-021-00355-zopenalex-snapshot

Factors Associated with Cyberbullying Victimisation among Colombian High-School Adolescents

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1007/s40747-021-00608-2openalex-snapshot

ETHOS: a multi-label hate speech detection dataset

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1007/s40747-022-00693-xopenalex-snapshot

Evaluating feature combination strategies for hate-speech detection in Spanish using linguistic features and transformers

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1007/s41060-024-00607-9openalex-snapshot

Towards a cyberbullying detection approach: fine-tuned contrastive self-supervised learning for data augmentation

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2012.12.001openalex-snapshot

Associations among bullying, cyberbullying, and suicide in high school students

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnu.2020.05.002openalex-snapshot

The longitudinal influence of cyberbullying victimization on depression and posttraumatic stress symptoms: The mediation role of rumination

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cct.2024.107574openalex-snapshot

Study of a PST-trained voice-enabled artificial intelligence counselor for adults with emotional distress (SPEAC-2): Design and methods

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2024.108542openalex-snapshot

Exploring the impact of social network structures on toxicity in online mental health communities

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cie.2021.107250openalex-snapshot

Aquila Optimizer: A novel meta-heuristic optimization algorithm

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csl.2022.101365openalex-snapshot

Hate speech detection on Twitter using transfer learning

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2020.113765openalex-snapshot

Cross-lingual learning for text processing: A survey

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2022.117571openalex-snapshot

Character-level HyperNetworks for Hate Speech Detection

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2022.119446openalex-snapshot

SocialHaterBERT: A dichotomous approach for automatically detecting hate speech on Twitter through textual analysis and user profiles

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2023.121115openalex-snapshot

Improving hate speech detection using Cross-Lingual Learning

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsidi.2022.301446openalex-snapshot

Using deep learning to detect social media ‘trolls’

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsu.2010.02.007openalex-snapshot

Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: The PRISMA statement

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ipm.2022.103012openalex-snapshot

The language and targets of online trolling: A psycholinguistic approach for social cybersecurity

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ipm.2024.103651openalex-snapshot

Integrating GIN-based multimodal feature transformation and multi-feature combination voting for irony-aware cyberbullying detection

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2022.02.023openalex-snapshot

Altered centromedial amygdala functional connectivity in adults is associated with childhood emotional abuse and predicts levels of depression and anxiety

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jksuci.2022.05.006openalex-snapshot

BiCHAT: BiLSTM with deep CNN and hierarchical attention for hate speech detection

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jksuci.2022.06.010openalex-snapshot

Identification of Multilingual Offense and Troll from Social Media Memes Using Weighted Ensemble of Multimodal Features

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/j.knosys.2024.111386openalex-snapshot

Semi-meta-supervised hate speech detection

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neucom.2024.127517openalex-snapshot

EAP: An effective black-box impersonation adversarial patch attack method on face recognition in the physical world

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1017/nlp.2024.28openalex-snapshot

Hate speech detection in low-resourced Indian languages: An analysis of transformer-based monolingual and multilingual models with cross-lingual experiments

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1017/s1351324922000262openalex-snapshot

Automated hate speech detection and span extraction in underground hacking and extremist forums

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1017/s1351324923000396openalex-snapshot

SSL-GAN-RoBERTa: A robust semi-supervised model for detecting Anti-Asian COVID-19 hate speech on social media

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1017/s1351324923000517openalex-snapshot

OffensEval 2023: Offensive language identification in the age of Large Language Models

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1037/a0035618openalex-snapshot

Bullying in the digital age: A critical review and meta-analysis of cyberbullying research among youth.

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1037/cdp0000522openalex-snapshot

Psychological toll of hate speech: The role of acculturation stress in the effects of exposure to ethnic slurs on mental health among Ukrainian immigrants in Poland.

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1037/vio0000222openalex-snapshot

Hate and violence: Addressing discrimination based on race, ethnicity, religion, sexual orientation, and gender identity.

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1051/itmconf/20214003030openalex-snapshot

Comparative Analysis of Deep Learning Techniques to detect Online Public Shaming

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1080/00909882.2023.2282508openalex-snapshot

Social media trolls as faux third-party agents of image repair: China’s disinformation campaign and statecraft in the Daryl Morey affair

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1080/08839514.2023.2166719openalex-snapshot

Detection of Hate Speech using BERT and Hate Speech Word Embedding with Deep Model

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1080/13600869.2013.796706openalex-snapshot

The art of trolling law enforcement: a review and model for implementing ‘flame trolling' legislation enacted in Great Britain (1981–2012)

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1080/13600869.2024.2324540openalex-snapshot

Generative AI and deepfakes: a human rights approach to tackling harmful content

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2019.0370openalex-snapshot

Cyberbullying and Children and Young People's Mental Health: A Systematic Map of Systematic Reviews

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2022.0009openalex-snapshot

Online Hate Speech Victimization and Depressive Symptoms Among Adolescents: The Protective Role of Resilience

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1089/vio.2017.0061openalex-snapshot

Psychological Abuse in the Context of Social Media

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1093/jcmc/zmac008openalex-snapshot

The detection of political deepfakes

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-83982-848-520211015openalex-snapshot

Doxxing: A Scoping Review and Typology

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3299021openalex-snapshot

G-BERT: An Efficient Method for Identifying Hate Speech in Bengali Texts on Social Media

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3329347openalex-snapshot

Safeguarding Online Spaces: A Powerful Fusion of Federated Learning, Word Embeddings, and Emotional Features for Cyberbullying Detection

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3358811openalex-snapshot

Detection of Hate Speech and Offensive Language CodeMix Text in Dravidian Languages Using Cost-Sensitive Learning Approach

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3361322openalex-snapshot

Multimodal Hate Speech Detection in Memes Using Contrastive Language-Image Pre-Training

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3386637openalex-snapshot

RoBERTaNET: Enhanced RoBERTa Transformer Based Model for Cyberbullying Detection With GloVe Features

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3415350openalex-snapshot

So-haTRed: A Novel Hybrid System for Turkish Hate Speech Detection in Social Media With Ensemble Deep Learning Improved by BERT and Clustered-Graph Networks

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3430848openalex-snapshot

Leveraging Transfer Learning for Hate Speech Detection in Portuguese Social Media Posts

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3432908openalex-snapshot

Multilingual Detection of Cyberbullying in Mixed Urdu, Roman Urdu, and English Social Media Conversations

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3435840openalex-snapshot

A Chained Deep Learning Model for Fine-Grained Cyberbullying Detection With Bystander Dynamics

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3444188openalex-snapshot

Hate Speech and Target Community Detection in Nastaliq Urdu Using Transfer Learning Techniques

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3470901openalex-snapshot

Fine-Grained Multilingual Hate Speech Detection Using Explainable AI and Transformers

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3505614openalex-snapshot

MemesViTa: A Novel Multimodal Fusion Technique for Troll Memes Identification

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3532397openalex-snapshot

Hate Speech Detection Using Large Language Models: A Comprehensive Review

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/asonam.2018.8508247openalex-snapshot

Are they Our Brothers? Analysis and Detection of Religious Hate Speech in the Arabic Twittersphere

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/asonam49781.2020.9381437openalex-snapshot

Impersonation on Social Media: A Deep Neural Approach to Identify Ingenuine Content

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2021.3110588openalex-snapshot

Stop Deceiving! An Effective Defense Scheme Against Voice Impersonation Attacks on Smart Devices

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/mic.2022.3158583openalex-snapshot

A Multitask Multimodal Framework for Sentiment and Emotion-Aided Cyberbullying Detection

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/taffc.2017.2761757openalex-snapshot

Approaches to Automated Detection of Cyberbullying: A Survey

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/tbiom.2021.3078073openalex-snapshot

Writer Identification Using Microblogging Texts for Social Media Forensics

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/tcss.2019.2895734openalex-snapshot

Online Public Shaming on Twitter: Detection, Analysis, and Mitigation

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/tcss.2024.3376958openalex-snapshot

HateThaiSent: Sentiment-Aided Hate Speech Detection in Thai Language

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/tcss.2024.3422185openalex-snapshot

Cyberbullying Detection Using PCA Extracted GLOVE Features and RoBERTaNet Transformer Learning Model

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/tcss.2024.3512573openalex-snapshot

HateFusion: Harnessing Attention-Based Techniques for Enhanced Filtering and Detection of Implicit Hate Speech

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/tnnls.2022.3216010openalex-snapshot

Covert Task Embedding: Turning a DNN Into an Insider Agent Leaking Out Private Information

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1111/exsy.13290openalex-snapshot

Detecting impersonation episode using teaching learning‐based optimization and support vector machine techniques

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-1617.2010.01323.xopenalex-snapshot

CYBER‐ABUSE—A NEW WORLDWIDE THREAT TO CHILDREN'S RIGHTS

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.14144openalex-snapshot

Trajectories of parent criticism across treatment for youth self‐harm

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1111/spc3.12579openalex-snapshot

Supervised machine learning methods in psychology: A practical introduction with annotated R code

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1140/epjds/s13688-023-00423-4openalex-snapshot

Exposing influence campaigns in the age of LLMs: a behavioral-based AI approach to detecting state-sponsored trolls

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1145/3232676openalex-snapshot

A Survey on Automatic Detection of Hate Speech in Text

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1145/3411764.3445157openalex-snapshot

Don’t You Know That You’re Toxic: Normalization of Toxicity in Online Gaming

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1145/3487351.3488324openalex-snapshot

Racism is a virus

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1145/3501398openalex-snapshot

Investigating the Effect of Preprocessing Arabic Text on Offensive Language and Hate Speech Detection

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1145/3555167openalex-snapshot

Automated Detection of Doxing on Twitter

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1145/3654522.3654548openalex-snapshot

Deepfake Blackmailing on the Rise: The Burgeoning Posterity of Revenge Pornography in the Philippines

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1145/3679049openalex-snapshot

Abusive and Hate speech Classification in Arabic Text Using Pre-trained Language Models and Data Augmentation

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1162/jmlr.2003.3.4-5.993openalex-snapshot

10.1162/jmlr.2003.3.4-5.993

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1177/01655515221074325openalex-snapshot

Detecting agro : Korean trolling and clickbaiting behaviour in online environments

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1177/0706743718777397openalex-snapshot

Sex Differences in the Association Between Cyberbullying Victimization and Mental Health, Substance Use, and Suicidal Ideation in Adolescents

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1177/08862605251331523openalex-snapshot

Gaslighting in Teen Dating Violence: Links to Anxiety and Depression

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1177/10949968231172153openalex-snapshot

Should We Feed the Trolls? Using Marketer-Generated Content to Explain Average Toxicity and Product Usage

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444809341263openalex-snapshot

Cyberbullying among youngsters: profiles of bullies and victims

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244020973022openalex-snapshot

Hate Speech: A Systematized Review

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1177/29768624241303109openalex-snapshot

Platform gaslighting: A user-centric insight into social media corporate communications of content moderation

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1186/s13677-024-00600-4openalex-snapshot

Graph convolution networks for social media trolls detection use deep feature extraction

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0279750openalex-snapshot

Examining the role of moral, emotional, behavioural, and personality factors in predicting online shaming

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.14569/ijacsa.2022.01305109openalex-snapshot

BERT-based Approach to Arabic Hate Speech and Offensive Language Detection in Twitter: Exploiting Emojis and Sentiment Analysis

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.14569/ijacsa.2022.01308100openalex-snapshot

A New Hate Speech Detection System based on Textual and Psychological Features

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.14569/ijacsa.2023.0141035openalex-snapshot

Text Simplification using Hybrid Semantic Compression and Support Vector Machine for Troll Threat Sentences

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.14569/ijacsa.2024.01505118openalex-snapshot

Elevating Offensive Language Detection: CNN-GRU and BERT for Enhanced Hate Speech Identification

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.15678/eber.2023.110201openalex-snapshot

The dark side of generative artificial intelligence: A critical analysis of controversies and risks of ChatGPT

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v35i17.17745openalex-snapshot

HateXplain: A Benchmark Dataset for Explainable Hate Speech Detection

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1613/jair.953openalex-snapshot

SMOTE: Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.17803/1729-5920.2022.192.11.112-119openalex-snapshot

Deepfakes as a Threat to Human Rights

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2020.coling-mainopenalex-snapshot

Proceedings of the 28th International Conference on Computational Linguistics

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2020.emnlp-demos.2openalex-snapshot

BERTweet: A pre-trained language model for English Tweets

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2021.case-1openalex-snapshot

Proceedings of the 4th Workshop on Challenges and Applications of Automated Extraction of Socio-political Events from Text (CASE 2021)

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2021.woah-1.3openalex-snapshot

HateBERT: Retraining BERT for Abusive Language Detection in English

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2024.acl-long.488openalex-snapshot

NaijaHate: Evaluating Hate Speech Detection on Nigerian Twitter Using Representative Data

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2024.acl-long.652openalex-snapshot

Don’t Go To Extremes: Revealing the Excessive Sensitivity and Calibration Limitations of LLMs in Implicit Hate Speech Detection

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2024.acl-short.38openalex-snapshot

Explainability and Hate Speech: Structured Explanations Make Social Media Moderators Faster

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2024.findings-acl.355openalex-snapshot

ViHateT5: Enhancing Hate Speech Detection in Vietnamese With a Unified Text-to-Text Transformer Model

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2024.findings-acl.622openalex-snapshot

SharedCon: Implicit Hate Speech Detection using Shared Semantics

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2024.findings-acl.831openalex-snapshot

Tox-BART: Leveraging Toxicity Attributes for Explanation Generation of Implicit Hate Speech

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2024.findings-acl.957openalex-snapshot

Label-aware Hard Negative Sampling Strategies with Momentum Contrastive Learning for Implicit Hate Speech Detection

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/s19-2010openalex-snapshot

SemEval-2019 Task 6: Identifying and Categorizing Offensive Language in Social Media (OffensEval)

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/w17-1101openalex-snapshot

A Survey on Hate Speech Detection using Natural Language Processing

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.21018/rjcpr.2021.1.322openalex-snapshot

Hate Speech in Social Media and Its Effects on the LGBT Community: A Review of the Current Research

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.21134/zt4eht31openalex-snapshot

Deepfakes Sexuales: impacto, prevención y perspectivas de género en el entorno digital

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.2196/42249openalex-snapshot

Using Vocal Characteristics To Classify Psychological Distress in Adult Helpline Callers: Retrospective Observational Study

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.2196/46970openalex-snapshot

Detecting Clinically Relevant Emotional Distress and Functional Impairment in Children and Adolescents: Protocol for an Automated Speech Analysis Algorithm Development Study

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.23923/j.rips.2022.01.051openalex-snapshot

Emotional Dependence and Partner Cyber Abuse through Social Networks in Spanish University Students

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.24251/hicss.2024.014openalex-snapshot

How Doxing on Social Media Leads to Social Stigma and Perceived Dignity

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.24251/hicss.2025.303openalex-snapshot

Beyond Privacy: Understanding and Mitigating Doxing in the Digital Environment

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.26443/law.v69i4.1626openalex-snapshot

Legal Definitions of Intimate Images in the Age of Sexual Deepfakes and Generative AI

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.26556/jesp.v22i2.1628openalex-snapshot

Deepfakes, Deep Harms

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.29063/ajrh2021/v25i5s.6openalex-snapshot

Social media and emotional abuse in marriage: Evidence from Lagos State, Nigeria.

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.3233/ica-230720openalex-snapshot

An exploratory design science research on troll factories

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.3233/jifs-222057openalex-snapshot

mBERT-GRU multilingual deep learning framework for hate speech detection in social media

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.3233/jifs-230346openalex-snapshot

A novel ensemble model for identification and classification of cyber harassment on social media platform

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.32604/cmc.2024.054459openalex-snapshot

Cyberbullying Sexism Harassment Identification by Metaheurustics-Tuned eXtreme Gradient Boosting

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.32604/cmes.2024.049631openalex-snapshot

Comparing Fine-Tuning, Zero and Few-Shot Strategies with Large Language Models in Hate Speech Detection in English

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.32604/cmes.2024.052291openalex-snapshot

Enhancing Arabic Cyberbullying Detection with End-to-End Transformer Model

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.865541openalex-snapshot

Predicting Personality and Psychological Distress Using Natural Language Processing: A Study Protocol

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.3389/frai.2022.932381openalex-snapshot

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