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Local distribution of microglia in the normal adult human central nervous system differs by up to one order of magnitude

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What this work says

Outgoing claims: the papers this work cites, builds on, or argues with.

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-4547(19960615)44:6<606::aid-jnr11>3.0.co;2-wopenalex-snapshot
Leukocyte chemotactic factor, a natural ligand to CD4, is expressed by lymphocytes and microglial cells of the MS plaque
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1098-1136(199701)19:1<27::aid-glia3>3.0.co;2-7openalex-snapshot
Expression of the S-100 proteins MRP-8 and -14 in ischemic brain lesions
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1098-1136(199810)24:2<244::aid-glia9>3.0.co;2-3openalex-snapshot
Allograft-inflammatory factor-1 in rat experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, neuritis, and uveitis: Expression by activated macrophages and microglial cells
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1002/cne.901350104openalex-snapshot
Identification of microglia in light and electron microscopy
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1002/glia.440070108openalex-snapshot
Characterization of microglia and macrophages in the central nervous system of rats: Definition of the differential expression of molecules using standard and novel monoclonal antibodies in normal CNS and in four models of parenchymal reaction
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1002/glia.440070111openalex-snapshot
Altered antigen expression of microglia in the aged rodent CNS
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1002/glia.440120402openalex-snapshot
Blood monocytes and spleen macrophages differentiate into microglia‐like cells on monolayers of astrocytes: Morphology
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1002/glia.440150407openalex-snapshot
The role of macrophages, perivascular cells, and microglial cells in the pathogenesis of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1002/jlb.56.6.732openalex-snapshot
Human microglial cells have phenotypic and functional characteristics in common with both macrophages and dendritic antigen-presenting cells
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1002/jnr.490260303openalex-snapshot
Cultured microglial cells have a distinct pattern of membrane channels different from peritoneal macrophages
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-9465-2_16openalex-snapshot
Expression of Microglial Markers in the Human CNS After Closed Head Injury
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00687546openalex-snapshot
Identification of neuroglia by light and electronmicroscopy
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00688060openalex-snapshot
A specific histochemical marker (lectinRicinus communis agglutinin-1) for normal human microglia, and application to routine histopathology
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00689592openalex-snapshot
Expression of the histocompatibility glycoprotein HLA-DR in neurological disease
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02331413openalex-snapshot
The role of macrophage subpopulations in autoimmune disease of the central nervous system
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1007/s004010050938openalex-snapshot
Widespread expression of MRP8 and MRP14 in human cerebral malaria by microglial cells
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-510x(87)90218-8openalex-snapshot
Microglia are the major cell type expressing MHC class II in human white matter
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-510x(94)90340-9openalex-snapshot
Reactive microglia in multiple sclerosis lesions have an increased expression of receptors for the Fc part of IgG
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-5728(89)90115-xopenalex-snapshot
Relationship of microglia and astrocytes to amyloid deposits of Alzheimer disease
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-5728(94)90046-9openalex-snapshot
Expression of MRP14, 27E10, interferon-α and leukocyte common antigen by reactive microglia in postmortem human brain tissue
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/0166-2236(88)90110-5openalex-snapshot
Macrophages and microglia in the nervous system
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/0166-2236(96)10049-7openalex-snapshot
Microglia: a sensor for pathological events in the CNS
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-4522(90)90229-wopenalex-snapshot
Heterogeneity in the distribution and morphology of microglia in the normal adult mouse brain
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/s0165-0173(99)00007-7openalex-snapshot
Neuroglial activation repertoire in the injured brain: graded response, molecular mechanisms and cues to physiological function
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/s0165-5728(98)00181-7openalex-snapshot
The expression of cytokines and their receptors in normal and mildly reactive human brain
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/s0165-5728(99)00222-2openalex-snapshot
Allograft-Inflammatory-factor-1 is upregulated in microglial cells in human cerebral infarctions
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/s0197-4580(97)00168-1openalex-snapshot
Microglial Expression of MHC Class II Increases in Normal Aging of Nonhuman Primates
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2990.1998.00103.xopenalex-snapshot
Dynamics of microglial activation in the spinal cord after cerebral infarction are revealed by expression of MHC class II antigen
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2990.1998.00131.xopenalex-snapshot
Identification of glial cell proliferation in early multiple sclerosis lesions
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.166.4.1138openalex-snapshot
Modulation of CD4 antigen on macrophages and microglia in rat brain.
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.1993.10.37openalex-snapshot
Differential Expression of MHC Class II Antigen in the Contused Rat Spinal Cord
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1097/00001756-199407000-00026openalex-snapshot
Activation of microglia in HIV-1 infected brains is not dependent on the presence of HIV-1 antigens
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1097/00002030-199105000-00009openalex-snapshot
Expression of major histocompatibility complex and HIV antigens within the brains of AIDS patients
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1097/00005072-195604000-00004openalex-snapshot
Perineuronal Satelite Cells in the Motor Cortex of Aging Brains
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1097/00005072-199205000-00009openalex-snapshot
Ultrastructural Location of Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) Class II Positive Perivascular Cells in Histologically Normal Human Brain
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1097/00005072-199209000-00009openalex-snapshot
Biology of Adult Human Microglia in Culture: Comparisons with Peripheral Blood Monocytes and Astrocytes
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2990.1992.tb00811.xopenalex-snapshot
The inflammatory response in the CNS
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2990.1995.tb01097.xopenalex-snapshot
Reactive microgIia in Creutzfeldt‐Jakob disease
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1445-5994.1995.tb02881.xopenalex-snapshot
Role of macrophages in the pathogenesis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1161/01.str.28.7.1423openalex-snapshot
Alterations in Glia and Axons in the Brains of Binswanger’s Disease Patients
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.38.8.1285openalex-snapshot
Reactive microglia are positive for HLA‐DR in the substantia nigra of Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease brains
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.18-16-06358.1998openalex-snapshot
Upregulation of a New Microglial Gene,mrf-1, in Response to Programmed Neuronal Cell Death and Degeneration
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.2307/1270619openalex-snapshot
Modelling Frequency and Count Data

What points at this work

Incoming claims: where this work appears in other papers’ reference lists and arguments.

inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3932600openalex-extracted
Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Human Microglia are Linked with Brain Developmental Processes Across the Lifespan
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4512951openalex-extracted
Purinergic Preconditioning Induces Epigenomic and Transcriptomic-Mediated Training Resembling Epilepsy-Associated Microglial States
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1001/archneur.60.9.1245openalex-snapshot
Effect of Focal Cerebral Infarctions on Lesional RhoA and RhoB Expression
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1002/2211-5463.13735openalex-snapshot
Microglia heterogeneity in health and disease
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1002/9781118355886.ch10openalex-snapshot
Neurodegeneration from Drugs and Aging‐Derived Free Radicals
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Proteomic networks of gray and white matter reveal tissue‐specific changes in human tauopathy
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1002/adhm.201900558openalex-snapshot
A Critical Review of Microelectrode Arrays and Strategies for Improving Neural Interfaces
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1002/alz.050942openalex-snapshot
Atlas of genetic effects in human microglia transcriptome across brain regions, aging and disease pathologies
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1002/cne.20991openalex-snapshot
Development of microglia in the cerebral white matter of the human fetus and infant
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1002/cne.21538openalex-snapshot
Embryonic and postnatal development of microglial cells in the mouse retina
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1002/dneu.22706openalex-snapshot
Microglial Depletion Causes Region‐Specific Changes to Developmental Neuronal Cell Death in the Mouse Brain
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1002/dvg.22424openalex-snapshot
Genetic inactivation of the allograft inflammatory factor‐1 locus
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1002/glia.20554openalex-snapshot
Optimized isolation enables ex vivo analysis of microglia from various central nervous system regions
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1002/glia.20663openalex-snapshot
Region‐specific expression of immunoregulatory proteins on microglia in the healthy CNS
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1002/glia.21036openalex-snapshot
A homologous form of human interleukin 16 is implicated in microglia recruitment following nervous system injury in leech Hirudo medicinalis
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1002/glia.21251openalex-snapshot
An optimized protocol for the acute isolation of human microglia from autopsy brain samples
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1002/glia.23023openalex-snapshot
Characterizing primary human microglia: A comparative study with myeloid subsets and culture models
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1002/glia.23081openalex-snapshot
Fate of microglia during HIV‐1 infection: From activation to senescence?
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1002/glia.23572openalex-snapshot
A core transcriptional signature of human microglia: Derivation and utility in describing region‐dependent alterations associated with Alzheimer's disease
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1002/glia.23980openalex-snapshot
Activated microglia drive demyelination via CSF1R signaling
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1002/glia.24167openalex-snapshot
Microglia integration into human midbrain organoids leads to increased neuronal maturation and functionality
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1002/glia.24281openalex-snapshot
Endocannabinoid signaling in microglia
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1002/glia.70196openalex-snapshot
Microglial P2ry12 in the Basolateral Amygdala Underlies Neuropathic Pain‐Induced Anxiety
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1002/pmic.202200183openalex-snapshot
Advances in proteomic phenotyping of microglia in neurodegeneration
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202105385openalex-snapshot
Restoring Oat Nanoparticles Mediated Brain Memory Function of Mice Fed Alcohol by Sorting Inflammatory Dectin‐1 Complex Into Microglial Exosomes
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1002/stem.3309openalex-snapshot
Metabolic and immune dysfunction of glia in neurodegenerative disorders: Focus on iPSC models
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/7854_2018_83openalex-snapshot
Basic Concept of Microglia Biology and Neuroinflammation in Relation to Psychiatry
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-1637-6_13openalex-snapshot
Assessing Neurotoxicant-Induced Inflammation in the Central Nervous System: Cytokine mRNA with Immunostaining of Microglia Morphology
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-4128-6_15openalex-snapshot
Immunofluorescence Staining of Murine Spinal Cord Sections to Evaluate Microglial Activation and Astrogliosis
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1429-6_14openalex-snapshot
Neurodevelopmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-3995-4_6openalex-snapshot
Morphology and Fractal-Based Classifications of Neurons and Microglia
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-520-0_20openalex-snapshot
Understanding Microglia–Neuron Cross Talk: Relevance of the Microglia–Neuron Cocultures
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-47606-8_7openalex-snapshot
Morphology and Fractal-Based Classifications of Neurons and Microglia in Two and Three Dimensions
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-55529-9_17openalex-snapshot
Microglia and Microbiome-Gut-Brain Axis
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-72079-6_5openalex-snapshot
Role of Regulatory Immune Cells in Psychiatric Disorders
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-04111-7_2openalex-snapshot
Biochemical Aspects of Neuroinflammation
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-08046-8_4openalex-snapshot
“Good” and “Bad” Microglia in Parkinson’s Disease: An Understanding of Homeostatic Mechanisms in Immunomodulation
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-33486-8_3openalex-snapshot
Microglia: Features of Polarization and Aging
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-73670-9_37openalex-snapshot
Systemic Inflammation and Cerebral Dysfunction
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-8488-1openalex-snapshot
Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Signaling in Neuroprotection
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-8488-1_5openalex-snapshot
Regulation by Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors of Microglial Glutamate Transporters: Role of Microglia in Neuroprotection
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/s00005-007-0003-0openalex-snapshot
Expression of interleukin-16 by tumor-associated macrophages/activated microglia in high-grade astrocytic brain tumors
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-012-1015-4openalex-snapshot
Targeting microglia-mediated neurotoxicity: the potential of NOX2 inhibitors
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-017-2549-2openalex-snapshot
The implication of neuronimmunoendocrine (NIE) modulatory network in the pathophysiologic process of Parkinson’s disease
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-025-05690-0openalex-snapshot
Multiple sclerosis: what have we learned and can we still learn from electron microscopy
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-011-5043-yopenalex-snapshot
MALDI mass spectrometry based molecular phenotyping of CNS glial cells for prediction in mammalian brain tissue
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/s00251-024-01334-yopenalex-snapshot
Regulation of genes involved in the metabolic adaptation of murine microglial cells in response to elevated HIF-1α mediated activation
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/s00259-019-04462-wopenalex-snapshot
Prospects and challenges of imaging neuroinflammation beyond TSPO in Alzheimer’s disease
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-017-4772-5openalex-snapshot
HIV-associated neurodegeneration and neuroimmunity: multivoxel MR spectroscopy study in drug-naïve and treated patients
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/s00401-001-0503-7openalex-snapshot
CD14 expression by activated parenchymal microglia/macrophages and infiltrating monocytes following human traumatic brain injury
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/s00401-004-0970-8openalex-snapshot
OPA1, associated with autosomal dominant optic atrophy, is widely expressed in the human brain
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/s00401-006-0090-8openalex-snapshot
Distribution of HLA-DR-positive microglia in schizophrenia reflects impaired cerebral lateralization
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/s00401-006-0119-zopenalex-snapshot
Glial degeneration and reactive gliosis in alpha-synucleinopathies: the emerging concept of primary gliodegeneration
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/s00401-009-0622-0openalex-snapshot
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inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/s00401-015-1524-yopenalex-snapshot
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inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/s00401-019-02048-2openalex-snapshot
Impact of TREM2 risk variants on brain region-specific immune activation and plaque microenvironment in Alzheimer’s disease patient brain samples
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/s00401-024-02790-2openalex-snapshot
Inflammatory aspects of Alzheimer’s disease
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/s00401-024-02822-xopenalex-snapshot
The microglial translocator protein (TSPO) in Alzheimer’s disease reflects a phagocytic phenotype
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/s00429-019-01834-8openalex-snapshot
Microglia contribute to the glia limitans around arteries, capillaries and veins under physiological conditions, in a model of neuroinflammation and in human brain tissue
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/s00702-017-1729-4openalex-snapshot
Innate immunity in Alzheimer’s disease: the relevance of animal models?
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/s10719-023-10120-zopenalex-snapshot
Neuroimmunomodulatory properties of polysialic acid
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-012-1513-0openalex-snapshot
Microglia in the Cerebral Cortex in Autism
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/s11064-006-9101-3openalex-snapshot
Ionized Calcium-binding Adapter Molecule 1 Immunoreactive Cells Change in the Gerbil Hippocampal CA1 Region after Ischemia/Reperfusion
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/s11064-008-9780-zopenalex-snapshot
The Expression of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α) by the Intrathecal Injection of Lipopolysaccharide in the Rat Spinal Cord
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/s11302-007-9076-9openalex-snapshot
Purinergic junctional transmission and propagation of calcium waves in cultured spinal cord microglial networks
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-017-9965-yopenalex-snapshot
Microglia activation and phagocytosis: relationship with aging and cognitive impairment in the rhesus monkey
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/s11481-025-10181-xopenalex-snapshot
A Comprehensive Review on Utilizing Human Brain Organoids to Study Neuroinflammation in Neurological Disorders
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/s12035-018-1428-7openalex-snapshot
Microglia Receptors in Animal Models of Traumatic Brain Injury
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/s12035-019-01808-1openalex-snapshot
The Role of Secretase Pathway in Long-term Brain Inflammation and Cognitive Impairment in an Animal Model of Severe Sepsis
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/s12640-010-9195-xopenalex-snapshot
Accumulation of Non-Transferrin-Bound Iron by Neurons, Astrocytes, and Microglia
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/s12975-020-00857-2openalex-snapshot
Microglial Responses to Brain Injury and Disease: Functional Diversity and New Opportunities
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/s13365-015-0359-6openalex-snapshot
CSF biomarkers of monocyte activation and chemotaxis correlate with magnetic resonance spectroscopy metabolites during chronic HIV disease
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/s13365-017-0594-0openalex-snapshot
Persistence of SIV in the brain of SIV-infected Chinese rhesus macaques with or without antiretroviral therapy
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/s13365-023-01162-yopenalex-snapshot
Advances in HIV therapeutics and cure strategies: findings obtained through non-human primate studies
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-374709-9.00005-5openalex-snapshot
White Matter Structure
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-396460-1.00007-xopenalex-snapshot
White Matter Structure
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-398314-5.00004-0openalex-snapshot
Inflammation in Parkinson's Disease
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-800756-3.00047-8openalex-snapshot
Microglial Activation and Cannabis Exposure
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-801284-0.00004-xopenalex-snapshot
Role of Microglia in Regulation of Ethanol Neurotoxic Action
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-803252-7.00005-9openalex-snapshot
Neuroprotection and Immunity in the Medicinal Leech Hirudo medicinalis
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-803783-6.00008-0openalex-snapshot
Neuroinflammation as a Potential Mechanism Underlying Parkinsons Disease
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-821565-4.00002-xopenalex-snapshot
Microglial physiology and function
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-821974-4.00005-4openalex-snapshot
Immunological Genes Expression in the Aged Brain
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-323-85654-6.00036-8openalex-snapshot
The role of inflammation in neurodegenerative diseases
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-323-95702-1.00491-7openalex-snapshot
Inflammaging, Neuroinflammation, and Synaptic Damage in Alzheimer's Disease
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-443-13820-1.00059-1openalex-snapshot
Microglia Development and Function in the Eye
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-443-19102-2.00015-6openalex-snapshot
Unraveling the complexity of microglial responses in traumatic brain and spinal cord injury
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-443-22268-9.00017-xopenalex-snapshot
Microglia-driven neuroinflammation: A pivotal player in brain disorders
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/bs.ant.2018.10.002openalex-snapshot
An introduction to innate immunity in the central nervous system
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/bs.apcsb.2021.11.010openalex-snapshot
Immunotherapeutic interventions in Parkinson's disease: Focus on α-Synuclein
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/bs.pbr.2020.02.004openalex-snapshot
The role of glia in Parkinson's disease: Emerging concepts and therapeutic applications
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajpath.2011.01.023openalex-snapshot
Recently Infiltrating MAC387+ Monocytes/Macrophages
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsb.2025.04.024openalex-snapshot
Discovery of powerful multifaceted antioxidant for combating oxidative stress associated with neurodegenerative disorders
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.arr.2013.02.001openalex-snapshot
From development to dysfunction: Microglia and the complement cascade in CNS homeostasis
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.arr.2026.103138openalex-snapshot
Metabolic reprogramming and signalling networks in microglial activation: Implications for neurodegeneration
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.arr.2026.103377openalex-snapshot
Histone modifications and chromatin landscapes in microglial function: Developmental imprinting and disease-associated reprogramming
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.autneu.2016.05.005openalex-snapshot
Microglial number is related to the number of tyrosine hydroxylase neurons in SHR and normotensive rats
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.autneu.2018.11.002openalex-snapshot
Clinical and experimental aspects of breathing modulation by inflammation
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2011.11.006openalex-snapshot
Age related changes in microglial phenotype vary between CNS regions: Grey versus white matter differences
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2017.03.009openalex-snapshot
A story of birth and death: Insights into the formation and dynamics of the microglial population
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2021.07.017openalex-snapshot
Immune environment of the brain in schizophrenia and during the psychotic episode: A human post-mortem study
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Regional brain structural alterations in reward and salience networks in asthma
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbih.2020.100117openalex-snapshot
Microglia in the human infant brain and factors that affect expression
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbih.2021.100265openalex-snapshot
Transcriptional profiling of macaque microglia reveals an evolutionary preserved gene expression program
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2008.12.023openalex-snapshot
Intracerebroventricular injections of the enteric bacterial metabolic product propionic acid impair cognition and sensorimotor ability in the Long–Evans rat: Further development of a rodent model of autism
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2021.113207openalex-snapshot
Microglia and modifiable life factors: Potential contributions to cognitive resilience in aging
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.07.015openalex-snapshot
Deficiency in either COX-1 or COX-2 genes does not affect amyloid beta protein burden in amyloid precursor protein transgenic mice
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.06.197openalex-snapshot
Hv1 proton channel facilitates production of ROS and pro-inflammatory cytokines in microglia and enhances oligodendrocyte progenitor cells damage from oxygen-glucose deprivation in vitro
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.biochi.2022.08.012openalex-snapshot
Fatty acid sensing in the brain: The role of glial-neuronal metabolic crosstalk and horizontal lipid flux
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2025.118234openalex-snapshot
Diet-incorporated saracatinib, a Src tyrosine kinase inhibitor, counteracts diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP)-induced chronic neurotoxicity in the rat model
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2021.10.020openalex-snapshot
Contribution of Age, Brain Region, Mood Disorder Pathology, and Interindividual Factors on the Methylome of Human Microglia
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2016.12.041openalex-snapshot
Coupled Proliferation and Apoptosis Maintain the Rapid Turnover of Microglia in the Adult Brain
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.conb.2017.10.001openalex-snapshot
Microglia: origins, homeostasis, and roles in myelin repair
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.crmeth.2025.101032openalex-snapshot
CHAS infers cell type-specific signatures in bulk brain histone acetylation studies of neurological and psychiatric disorders
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.crmeth.2026.101425openalex-snapshot
Human cerebral organoids with microglia and vasculature model glioma stem cell interactions and radiotherapy response
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.cytogfr.2023.07.005openalex-snapshot
The role of microglial activation on ischemic stroke: Modulation by fibroblast growth factors
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.devcel.2022.07.015openalex-snapshot
The spatiotemporal dynamics of microglia across the human lifespan
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.dr.2020.100943openalex-snapshot
Traumatic brain injury in adolescence: A review of the neurobiological and behavioural underpinnings and outcomes
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.drudis.2020.04.001openalex-snapshot
Regulation of microglia by glutamate and its signal pathway in neurodegenerative diseases
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.etap.2022.103858openalex-snapshot
Minocycline reverses developmental arsenic exposure-induced microglia activation and functional alteration in BALB/c mice
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2009.01.002openalex-snapshot
Autoradiographical imaging of PPARγ agonist effects on PBR/TSPO binding in TASTPM mice
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2010.11.014openalex-snapshot
Dysregulated neuronal–microglial cross-talk during aging, stress and inflammation
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2022.114239openalex-snapshot
Implications of microglial heterogeneity in spinal cord injury progression and therapy
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2026.115663openalex-snapshot
Role of glycolysis-mediated histone lactylation in microglial activation and progression of neurodegenerative diseases
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibror.2019.08.002openalex-snapshot
Microglial response patterns following damage to the zebrafish olfactory bulb
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107526openalex-snapshot
Protein network exploration prioritizes targets for modulating neuroinflammation in Parkinson’s disease
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2024.110546openalex-snapshot
Purinergic exposure induces epigenomic and transcriptomic-mediated preconditioning resembling epilepsy-associated microglial states
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.it.2020.07.003openalex-snapshot
The Role of TGFβ Signaling in Microglia Maturation and Activation
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.it.2020.07.006openalex-snapshot
Microglia and Astrocytes in Disease: Dynamic Duo or Partners in Crime?
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2019.02.004openalex-snapshot
A new perspective for advanced positron emission tomography–based molecular imaging in neurodegenerative proteinopathies
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneumeth.2009.06.003openalex-snapshot
An empirical analysis of the precision of estimating the numbers of neurons and glia in human neocortex using a fractionator-design with sub-sampling
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneuroim.2003.09.017openalex-snapshot
Expression of interleukin-16 by microglial cells in inflammatory, autoimmune, and degenerative lesions of the rat brain
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneuroim.2007.07.002openalex-snapshot
Elevated HLA-E levels in human glioblastomas but not in grade I to III astrocytomas correlate with infiltrating CD8+ cells
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneuroim.2010.07.017openalex-snapshot
Regional topographical differences of canine microglial immunophenotype and function in the healthy spinal cord
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneuroim.2023.578204openalex-snapshot
The effect of morphine on rat microglial phagocytic activity: An in vitro study of brain region-, plating density-, sex-, morphine concentration-, and receptor-dependency
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneuroim.2025.578716openalex-snapshot
Immunity in Parkinson's disease – The role of innate responses
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2006.10.013openalex-snapshot
Immunological aspects in the neurobiology of suicide: Elevated microglial density in schizophrenia and depression is associated with suicide
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.mehy.2017.12.010openalex-snapshot
Functional neurological symptom disorder (conversion disorder): A role for microglial-based plasticity mechanisms?
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.nbd.2017.08.009openalex-snapshot
Alternative microglial activation is associated with cessation of progressive dopamine neuron loss in mice systemically administered lipopolysaccharide
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.nbd.2020.105021openalex-snapshot
Somatic mutations in neurodegeneration: An update
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.nbd.2020.105028openalex-snapshot
Microglia and astrocyte dysfunction in parkinson's disease
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.05.001openalex-snapshot
Mast cells in neuroinflammation and brain disorders
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.09.023openalex-snapshot
The emerging tale of microglia in psychiatric disorders
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105834openalex-snapshot
Microglia signaling in health and disease – Implications in sex-specific brain development and plasticity
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2025.106091openalex-snapshot
Morphological diversity of microglia: Implications for learning, environmental adaptation, ageing, sex differences and neuropathology
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2025.106136openalex-snapshot
Non-neuronal brain biology and its relevance to animal welfare
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuint.2021.104960openalex-snapshot
Snapshot of microglial physiological functions
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuint.2021.105094openalex-snapshot
Activated microglia facilitate the transmission of α-synuclein in Parkinson's disease
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.neures.2023.11.010openalex-snapshot
Microglia modulate sleep/wakefulness under baseline conditions and under acute social defeat stress in adult mice
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuro.2007.12.004openalex-snapshot
Particulate matter, oxidative stress and neurotoxicity
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuro.2012.01.012openalex-snapshot
Microglia in the developing brain: A potential target with lifetime effects
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2013.05.001openalex-snapshot
Insights into TREM2 biology by network analysis of human brain gene expression data
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2014.06.007openalex-snapshot
Frontobasal gray matter loss is associated with the TREM2 p.R47H variant
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.10.017openalex-snapshot
In vivo mapping of brain myo-inositol
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.10.052openalex-snapshot
Decomposing cerebral blood flow MRI into functional and structural components: A non-local approach based on prediction
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2012.12.023openalex-snapshot
Microglia: New Roles for the Synaptic Stripper
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2008.01.013openalex-snapshot
Intracerebroventricular injection of propionic acid, an enteric bacterial metabolic end-product, impairs social behavior in the rat: Implications for an animal model of autism
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2014.08.012openalex-snapshot
How dependent is synaptic plasticity on microglial phenotype?
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.12.010openalex-snapshot
Regulation of Microglia Identity from an Epigenetic and Transcriptomic Point of View
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2026.08.046openalex-snapshot
Microgliopathy in poststroke depression: exploring mechanisms and therapeutic strategies
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2018.02.003openalex-snapshot
“Motoring in idle”: The default mode and somatomotor networks are overactive in children and adolescents with functional neurological symptoms
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2023.103557openalex-snapshot
Neurometabolic alterations in children and adolescents with functional neurological disorder
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.nlm.2013.07.002openalex-snapshot
Microglia: A new frontier for synaptic plasticity, learning and memory, and neurodegenerative disease research
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.omtm.2022.10.017openalex-snapshot
Screening chimeric GAA variants in preclinical study results in hematopoietic stem cell gene therapy candidate vectors for Pompe disease
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.pharmthera.2013.04.013openalex-snapshot
Microglia during development and aging
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.pneurobio.2005.06.004openalex-snapshot
Microglia and inflammation-mediated neurodegeneration: Multiple triggers with a common mechanism
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.pneurobio.2016.01.005openalex-snapshot
The biphasic function of microglia in ischemic stroke
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.pneurobio.2016.04.006openalex-snapshot
Microglial phenotypes in Parkinson’s disease and animal models of the disease
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.pneurobio.2020.101805openalex-snapshot
Microglia alterations in neurodegenerative diseases and their modeling with human induced pluripotent stem cell and other platforms
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.pneurobio.2020.101971openalex-snapshot
Microglial innate memory and epigenetic reprogramming in neurological disorders
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2011.12.002openalex-snapshot
Neuroinflammation in schizophrenia especially focused on the role of microglia
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.resp.2015.11.015openalex-snapshot
Alerted microglia and the sympathetic nervous system: A novel form of microglia in the development of hypertension
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2011.04.015openalex-snapshot
Increased prevalence of Chlamydophila DNA in post-mortem brain frontal cortex from patients with schizophrenia
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2013.09.011openalex-snapshot
Pretreatment of aripiprazole and minocycline, but not haloperidol, suppresses oligodendrocyte damage from interferon-γ-stimulated microglia in co-culture model
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.tice.2023.102023openalex-snapshot
Analysis of Aβ-induced neurotoxicity and microglial responses in simple two- and three-dimensional human iPSC-derived cortical culture systems
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2007.07.007openalex-snapshot
Neurotransmitter receptors on microglia
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2020.08.008openalex-snapshot
Immunometabolism in the Brain: How Metabolism Shapes Microglial Function
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/s0014-5793(02)02430-4openalex-snapshot
The allograft inflammatory factor‐1 family of proteins
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/s0079-6123(10)84006-3openalex-snapshot
Modeling neuroinflammatory pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/s0165-5728(02)00046-2openalex-snapshot
Infiltrating CD14+ monocytes and expression of CD14 by activated parenchymal microglia/macrophages contribute to the pool of CD14+ cells in ischemic brain lesions
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9781139248822.014openalex-snapshot
Biological Mechanisms
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9781139248822.021openalex-snapshot
Inflammatory mechanisms in chronic neurodegenerative disease: the impact of microglia priming
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1017/s1431927613000482openalex-snapshot
Extravascular CX3CR1+Cells Extend Intravascular Dendritic Processes into Intact Central Nervous System Vessel Lumen
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1021/acschemneuro.6c00070openalex-snapshot
Visualizing Biomolecules within Living Microglia in Complex Environments Using a Clickable Small Fluorogenic Compound
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5b02358openalex-snapshot
Microglia Determine Brain Region-Specific Neurotoxic Responses to Chemically Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1021/acsptsci.3c00213openalex-snapshot
Candidate Tracers for Imaging Colony-Stimulating Factor 1 Receptor in Neuroinflammation with Positron Emission Tomography: Issues and Progress
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1038/jcbfm.2013.211openalex-snapshot
Stress as Necessary Component of Realistic Recovery in Animal Models of Experimental Stroke
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1038/mp.2017.232openalex-snapshot
Reconceptualization of translocator protein as a biomarker of neuroinflammation in psychiatry
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1038/nrn2038openalex-snapshot
Microglia-mediated neurotoxicity: uncovering the molecular mechanisms
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1038/nrneurol.2014.38openalex-snapshot
Microglial priming in neurodegenerative disease
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-019-0609-8openalex-snapshot
Microglial regional heterogeneity and its role in the brain
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41386-020-00840-3openalex-snapshot
Systems-based proteomics to resolve the biology of Alzheimer’s disease beyond amyloid and tau
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-00422-wopenalex-snapshot
Integrative genomics of microglia implicates DLG4 (PSD95) in the white matter development of preterm infants
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-08976-7openalex-snapshot
Transcriptional profiling of human microglia reveals grey–white matter heterogeneity and multiple sclerosis-associated changes
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-33140-zopenalex-snapshot
Transcriptomic architecture of nuclei in the marmoset CNS
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41575-025-01139-8openalex-snapshot
Mechanisms of chronic abdominal pain in inflammatory bowel disease and implications for treatment
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-08351-7openalex-snapshot
Molecular and cellular dynamics of the developing human neocortex
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41588-021-00976-yopenalex-snapshot
Genetic analysis of the human microglial transcriptome across brain regions, aging and disease pathologies
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41590-025-02203-wopenalex-snapshot
Spatial proteomics of Alzheimer’s disease-specific human microglial states
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