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Symbol recognition in documents: a collection of techniques?
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What this work says
Outgoing claims: the papers this work cites, builds on, or argues with.
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-40953-x_16openalex-snapshot
Deformable Template Matching within a Bayesian Framework for Hand-Written Graphic Symbol Recognition
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-40953-x_19openalex-snapshot
A Structural Representation Adapted to Handwritten Symbol Recognition
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-60268-2_358openalex-snapshot
Line representation of elongated shapes
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-61226-2_1openalex-snapshot
Basic techniques and symbol-level recognition — An overview
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-61226-2_10openalex-snapshot
General diagram-recognition methodologies
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-64381-8_37openalex-snapshot
Improved directional morphological operations for separation of characters from maps/graphics
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-64381-8_40openalex-snapshot
Graphic symbol recognition: An overview
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-64381-8_42openalex-snapshot
A string based method to recognize symbols and structural textures in architectural plans
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-64381-8_54openalex-snapshot
Analysis of engineering drawings: State of the art and challenges
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-77281-8_19openalex-snapshot
A Critical Survey of Music Image Analysis
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01215812openalex-snapshot
An entropy based method for extracting robust binary-templates
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02626997openalex-snapshot
Thinning and segmenting handwritten characters by line following
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1007/bfb0033252openalex-snapshot
Prototyping structural descriptions: An inductive learning approach
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-3203(87)90032-xopenalex-snapshot
A pattern adaptive thinning algorithm
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-3203(88)90017-9openalex-snapshot
Handprinted symbol recognition system
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-3203(93)90168-vopenalex-snapshot
Recovering dynamic information from static handwriting
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-3203(94)90116-3openalex-snapshot
Isolating symbols from connection lines in a class of engineering drawings
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-3203(95)00118-2openalex-snapshot
Feature extraction methods for character recognition-A survey
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-3203(95)00169-7openalex-snapshot
A survey on evaluation methods for image segmentation
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-8655(85)90066-2openalex-snapshot
Symbol recognition in electrical diagrams using probabilistic graph matching
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-8655(91)90038-nopenalex-snapshot
Variable-resolution character thinning
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-8655(91)90043-lopenalex-snapshot
On representation of a shape's skeleton
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-8655(92)90104-8openalex-snapshot
False stroke detection and elimination for character recognition
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-8655(94)00111-fopenalex-snapshot
Interpretation of telephone system manhole drawings
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/0262-8856(93)90024-bopenalex-snapshot
A novel fast and reliable thinning algorithm
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/0734-189x(86)90113-1openalex-snapshot
Axial representations of shape
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/0734-189x(88)90022-9openalex-snapshot
A survey of thresholding techniques
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/1049-9660(92)90030-7openalex-snapshot
Continuous skeleton computation by Voronoi diagram
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/s0031-2023(97)00122-2openalex-snapshot
A survey of shape analysis techniques
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/s0031-3203(96)00044-1openalex-snapshot
Automatic document processing: A survey
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/s0734-189x(88)80001-xopenalex-snapshot
A topology-based component extractor for understanding electronic circuit diagrams
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/2.144437openalex-snapshot
An interpretation system for land register maps
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/2.144439openalex-snapshot
Celesstin: CAD conversion of mechanical drawings
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/34.107013openalex-snapshot
Simulating the grassfire transform using an active contour model
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/34.161346openalex-snapshot
Thinning methodologies-a comprehensive survey
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/34.206957openalex-snapshot
Directional mathematical morphology and reformalized Hough transformation for the analysis of topographic maps
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/34.3898openalex-snapshot
An automatic circuit diagram reader with loop-structure-based symbol recognition
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/34.588025openalex-snapshot
Recognition of digits in hydrographic maps: binary versus topographic analysis
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/34.9112openalex-snapshot
A robust algorithm for text string separation from mixed text/graphics images
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/icdar.1993.395587openalex-snapshot
A symbol recognition system
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/icdar.1993.395588openalex-snapshot
Symbol recognition and surface reconstruction from topographic map by parallel method
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/icdar.1993.395590openalex-snapshot
Musical score recognition: A hierarchical and recursive approach
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/icdar.1993.395591openalex-snapshot
A robust detector for music staves
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/icdar.1993.395593openalex-snapshot
Logo recognition using geometric invariants
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/icdar.1993.395713openalex-snapshot
A new system for the analysis of schematic diagrams
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/icdar.1993.395716openalex-snapshot
Raster-to-vector conversion by line fitting based on contours and skeletons
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/icdar.1993.395717openalex-snapshot
Recognition of logic diagrams by identifying loops and rectilinear polylines
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/icdar.1993.395735openalex-snapshot
Validation of preprocessing algorithms: A methodology and its application to the design of a thinning algorithm for handwritten characters
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/icdar.1995.602020openalex-snapshot
A system for recognizing a large class of engineering drawings
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/icdar.1995.602021openalex-snapshot
Efficient techniques for telephone company line drawing interpretation
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/icdar.1995.602022openalex-snapshot
The role of taxonomy in drawing interpretation
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/icdar.1995.602023openalex-snapshot
Automatic understanding of symbol-connected diagrams
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/icdar.1997.619814openalex-snapshot
Logo and word matching using a general approach to signal registration
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/icdar.1997.620556openalex-snapshot
An image interpretation device can not be reliable without any semantic coherency analysis of the interpreted objects-application to French cadastral maps
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr.1992.201762openalex-snapshot
Extraction and classification of graphical symbol candidates based on perceptual organization
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr.1992.201837openalex-snapshot
Detection and separation of symbols connected to graphics in line drawings
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr.1994.576934openalex-snapshot
A legend-driven geographic symbol recognition system
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr.1994.577011openalex-snapshot
Graphic symbol recognition using a signature technique
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr.1996.546875openalex-snapshot
Hand drawn document understanding using the straight line Hough transform and graph matching
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr.1996.547268openalex-snapshot
A prototype system for interpreting hand-sketched floor plans
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr.1996.547275openalex-snapshot
A system for efficient and robust map symbol recognition
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr.1996.547279openalex-snapshot
Automatic computer recognition of printed music
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr.1996.547281openalex-snapshot
An original approach for extracting circular shapes from technical charts
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr.1998.711167openalex-snapshot
Stable, robust and off-the-shelf methods for graphics recognition
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmc.1979.4310127openalex-snapshot
Error-Correcting Isomorphisms of Attributed Relational Graphs for Pattern Analysis
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmc.1983.6313029openalex-snapshot
Subgraph error-correcting isomorphisms for syntactic pattern recognition
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1117/12.304640openalex-snapshot
Shielding method for segmentation of graphics touching text in engineering drawings
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1142/9789812830968_0022openalex-snapshot
AUTOMATIC READING OF MUSIC NOTATION
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218001493000492openalex-snapshot
A NEW THINNING ALGORITHM BASED ON CONTROLLED DELETION OF EDGE REGIONS
What points at this work
Incoming claims: where this work appears in other papers’ reference lists and arguments.
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1002/047134608x.w8260openalex-snapshot
Graphical Symbol Recognition
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/11669487_46openalex-snapshot
A Method for Symbol Spotting in Graphical Documents
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/11669487_54openalex-snapshot
A Few Steps Towards On-the-Fly Symbol Recognition with Relevance Feedback
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/11767978_7openalex-snapshot
Symbol Recognition Combining Vectorial and Statistical Features
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/11907350_40openalex-snapshot
Topological and Geometrical Reconstruction of Complex Objects on Irregular Isothetic Grids
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/11907350_58openalex-snapshot
Topological and Geometrical Reconstruction of Complex Objects on Irregular Isothetic Grids
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/11919629_22openalex-snapshot
Dynamic Reconstruction of Complex Planar Objects on Irregular Isothetic Grids
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-02284-6_2openalex-snapshot
An Approach for Detecting Circular Callouts in Architectural, Engineering and Constructional Drawing Documents
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-19738-4_4openalex-snapshot
Object Detection in Design Diagrams with Machine Learning
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-75015-2_17openalex-snapshot
Digitize-PID: Automatic Digitization of Piping and Instrumentation Diagrams
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-23028-8_28openalex-snapshot
Zero-Error Digitisation and Contextualisation of Piping and Instrumentation Diagrams Using Node Classification and Sub-graph Search
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-59164-8_28openalex-snapshot
Advanced Knowledge Extraction of Physical Design Drawings, Translation and Conversion to CAD Formats Using Deep Learning
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-23231-7_35openalex-snapshot
Extraction of Successive Patterns in Document Images by a New Concept Based on Force Histogram and Thick Discrete Lines
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-52159-6_9openalex-snapshot
Improving Fuzzy Multilevel Graph Embedding Technique by Employing Topological Node Features: An Application to Graphics Recognition
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65172-9_8openalex-snapshot
Heuristics-Based Detection to Improve Text/Graphics Segmentation in Complex Engineering Drawings
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-66272-5_26openalex-snapshot
Greyscale Image Vectorization from Geometric Digital Contour Representations
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-25977-0_1openalex-snapshot
Strategy for Line Drawing Understanding
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-28640-0_33openalex-snapshot
A Hybrid Approach to Detect Graphical Symbols in Documents
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-28640-0_34openalex-snapshot
Performance Evaluation of Symbol Recognition
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-31996-2_5openalex-snapshot
EvoGeneS, a New Evolutionary Approach to Graph Generation
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-39451-8_39openalex-snapshot
Tripartite Line Tracks – Bipartite Line Tracks
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-39923-0_8openalex-snapshot
Tripartite Line Tracks Qualitative Curvature Information
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-72903-7_33openalex-snapshot
A Graph Classification Approach Using a Multi-objective Genetic Algorithm Application to Symbol Recognition
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-72903-7_5openalex-snapshot
Graph Based Shapes Representation and Recognition
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-76856-2_52openalex-snapshot
A Combined Statistical-Structural Strategy for Alphanumeric Recognition
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-88188-9_30openalex-snapshot
Report on the Third Contest on Symbol Recognition
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-88188-9_9openalex-snapshot
ARG Based on Arcs and Segments to Improve the Symbol Recognition by Genetic Algorithm
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-89689-0_98openalex-snapshot
Selection of Suitable Set of Decision Rules Using Choquet Integral
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-13728-0_2openalex-snapshot
Fuzzy Intervals for Designing Structural Signature: An Application to Graphic Symbol Recognition
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21073-0_35openalex-snapshot
Unsupervised Polygonal Reconstruction of Noisy Contours by a Discrete Irregular Approach
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36824-0_22openalex-snapshot
Spatio-structural Symbol Description with Statistical Feature Add-On
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4859-3_1openalex-snapshot
Complex and Composite Graphical Symbol Recognition and Retrieval: A Quick Review
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4859-3_14openalex-snapshot
Pattern Recognition Based on Hierarchical Description of Decision Rules Using Choquet Integral
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4859-3_8openalex-snapshot
Hand-Drawn Symbol Recognition in Immersive Virtual Reality Using Deep Extreme Learning Machines
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Graphics Recognition and Validation Protocol
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A New Algorithm for Isomorphism Determination of Undirected Graphs-Circuit Simulation Method
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New trends on digitisation of complex engineering drawings
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/s10032-003-0105-0openalex-snapshot
Matching of graphical symbols in line-drawing images using angular signature information
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/s10032-006-0033-xopenalex-snapshot
A general framework for the evaluation of symbol recognition methods
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Improving the recognition by integrating the combination of descriptors
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Integrating vocabulary clustering with spatial relations for symbol recognition
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Symbol spotting in vectorized technical drawings through a lookup table of region strings
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Colors of the past: color image segmentation in historical topographic maps based on homogeneity
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A comparative study of graphic symbol recognition methods
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-019-7531-6openalex-snapshot
Multilevel polygonal descriptor matching defined by combining discrete lines and force histogram concepts
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/s40009-017-0606-xopenalex-snapshot
Offline Handwritten Numeral Recognition using Combination of Different Feature Extraction Techniques
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Handwritten Numeral Recognition System Using SVM with Multi-Feature Extraction
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.asoc.2012.12.037openalex-snapshot
EvoGeneSys, a new evolutionary approach to graph generation
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From engineering diagrams to engineering models: Visual recognition and applications
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A combined multi-scale/irregular algorithm for the vectorization of noisy digital contours
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VF2++—An improved subgraph isomorphism algorithm
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Group of components detection in engineering drawings based on graph matching
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Deep learning for symbols detection and classification in engineering drawings
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.patcog.2005.10.018openalex-snapshot
Saliency and semantic processing: Extracting forest cover from historical topographic maps
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.patrec.2011.09.040openalex-snapshot
Symbol recognition using spatial relations
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1109/cine68769.2026.11502665openalex-snapshot
Automated Valve Detection in P&ID Diagrams Using YOLOv8
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1109/columbiancc.2014.6955352openalex-snapshot
A new approach to isomorphism in attributed graphs
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Querying for silhouettes by qualitative feature schemes
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1109/iccoins49721.2021.9497155openalex-snapshot
Critical Literature Review of Named Entity Recognition in Symbol Spotting
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Off-line recognition of handwritten numeral strings composed from two-digits partially overlapped using Convolutional Neural Networks
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1109/icdar.2001.953939openalex-snapshot
Training with positive and negative data samples: effects on a classifier for hand-drawn geometric shapes
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1109/icdar.2003.1227650openalex-snapshot
Graphics recognition - from re-engineering to retrieval
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1109/icdar.2003.1227678openalex-snapshot
A vector approach for automatic interpretation of the French cadastral map
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1109/icdar.2003.1227775openalex-snapshot
Spatial alphanumerical attributes for graphical treatings
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1109/icdar.2005.120openalex-snapshot
Graphical object recognition using statistical language models
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1109/icdar.2005.56openalex-snapshot
Automatical definition of measures from the combination of shape descriptors
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1109/icdar.2007.4376992openalex-snapshot
Symbol Recognition Using a 2-class Hierarchical Model of Choquet Integrals
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1109/icdar.2007.4377023openalex-snapshot
An Indexing Method for Graphical Documents
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1109/icdar.2009.92openalex-snapshot
Graphic Symbol Recognition Using Graph Based Signature and Bayesian Network Classifier
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Relation Bag-of-Features for Symbol Retrieval
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Towards a SignWriting recognition system
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Symbol Recognition: Cognitive Approach
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Graph based recognition of isolated graphic symbols
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Recognition of symbols in grey level line-drawings from an adaptation of the Radon transform
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1109/icpr.2006.123openalex-snapshot
A new method to detect arcs and segments from curvature profiles
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Browsing graphics without prior knowledge
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Extraction of Consistent Subsets of Descriptors using Choquet Integral
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A Content Spotting System for Line Drawing Graphic Document Images
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Symbols Classification in Engineering Drawings
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Img2UML: A System for Extracting UML Models from Images
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A new way to detect arrows in line drawings
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A (sub)graph isomorphism algorithm for matching large graphs
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1109/tsmcb.2011.2108646openalex-snapshot
A New Adaptive Structural Signature for Symbol Recognition by Using a Galois Lattice as a Classifier
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1117/1.jei.30.4.043015openalex-snapshot
Geometry-based symbol spotting in born-digital architectural floor plans
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1142/s0218001408006260openalex-snapshot
ON DETERMINING SUITABLE SUBSETS OF DECISION RULES USING CHOQUET INTEGRAL
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1142/s0218001414500177openalex-snapshot
BoR: BAG-OF-RELATIONS FOR SYMBOL RETRIEVAL
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1142/s0219467807002878openalex-snapshot
RECOGNITION OF ENGINEERING DRAWING ENTITIES: REVIEW OF APPROACHES
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Symbol spotting for architectural drawings: state-of-the-art and new industry-driven developments
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.26021/8923openalex-snapshot
A 2D visual language for rapid 3D scene design
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A Review of Neural Network Approach on Engineering Drawing Recognition and Future Directions
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A Review of Neural Network Approach on Engineering Drawing Recognition and Future Directions
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.3389/fmech.2023.1154316openalex-snapshot
Knowledge-based engineering and computer vision for configuration-based substation design
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.3390/en12132593openalex-snapshot
A Digitization and Conversion Tool for Imaged Drawings to Intelligent Piping and Instrumentation Diagrams (P&ID)
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.3390/machines14040371openalex-snapshot
Towards Reliable Power Grid Modeling from Drawings: A Review of Intelligent Understanding, Topology Inference, and Model Generation
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Auto-Routing Systems (ARSs) with 3D Piping for Sustainable Plant Projects Based on Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Digitalization of 2D Drawings and Specifications
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1004.5427openalex-snapshot
Employing fuzzy intervals and loop-based methodology for designing structural signature: an application to symbol recognition
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.6092/unina/fedoa/576openalex-snapshot
An Approach to Pattern Recognition by Evolutionary Computation
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A Review of Neural Network Approach on Engineering Drawing Recognition and Future Directions
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.70675/410c435czdb96z4f21za590z675a33baecdaopenalex-snapshot
Graphics Recognition using Spatial Relations and Shape Analysis
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.70675/ae1f48c5z2eddz4011zaa7dz71608d50660aopenalex-snapshot
Fuzzy multilevel graph embedding for recognition, indexing and retrieval of graphic document images
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.70675/be90a970z26e0z40c5zb2ddzab50acafc6d4openalex-snapshot
Reconnaissance de formes et symboles graphiques complexes dans les images de documents
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Science and Advanced Computing — runs a structured editorial panel for researchers
publishing outside journals, and publishes on CiteStamp rails. Submission is free
and goes through ORCID: icsacinstitute.org/submit.