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Hardness and carbonate effects on the reactivity of zero-valent iron for Cr(VI) removal

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2005.11.033
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Outgoing claims: the papers this work cites, builds on, or argues with.

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1007/s002540000178openalex-snapshot
Characterization of corrosion products in the permeable reactive barriers
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-005-7420-7openalex-snapshot
Effect of Groundwater Inorganics on the Reductive Dechlorination of TCE by Zero-Valent Iron
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/s0043-1354(01)00409-2openalex-snapshot
Degradation of TCE, Cr(VI), sulfate, and nitrate mixtures by granular iron in flow-through columns under different microbial conditions
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/s0045-6535(03)00512-5openalex-snapshot
Laboratory evaluation of zero-valent iron to treat water impacted by acid mine drainage
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/s0169-7722(01)00187-5openalex-snapshot
An in situ study of the role of surface films on granular iron in the permeable iron wall technology
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1021/es00008a008openalex-snapshot
Coupled Iron Corrosion and Chromate Reduction: Mechanisms for Subsurface Remediation
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1021/es001457bopenalex-snapshot
Iron Promoted Reduction of Chromate by Dissimilatory Iron-Reducing Bacteria
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1021/es00173a018openalex-snapshot
Chromate removal from aqueous wastes by reduction with ferrous ion
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1021/es010579gopenalex-snapshot
Kinetics of Cr(VI) Reduction by Carbonate Green Rust
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1021/es960672iopenalex-snapshot
Kinetics and pH Dependence of Chromium(VI) Reduction by Iron(II)
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1021/es9607897openalex-snapshot
Products of Chromate Reduction on Proposed Subsurface Remediation Material
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1021/es9700865openalex-snapshot
Precipitation Equilibria of the Chromium(VI)/Iron(III) System and Spectrospcopic Characterization of the Precipitates
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9372(2005)131:11(1598)openalex-snapshot
Competitive Effects of Trichloroethylene on Cr(VI) Removal by Zero-Valent Iron
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9372(2006)132:2(199)openalex-snapshot
Field Monitoring of a Permeable Reactive Barrier for Removal of Chlorinated Organics
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1080/15320389409383463openalex-snapshot
Transport and transformation of hexavalent chromium through soils and into ground water
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1998.tb01077.xopenalex-snapshot
Long‐Term Performance of an In Situ “Iron Wall” for Remediation of VOCs
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.30-1849openalex-snapshot
Lange's handbook of chemistry

What points at this work

Incoming claims: where this work appears in other papers’ reference lists and arguments.

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Reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) and removal of total chromium from wastewater using scrap iron in the form of zerovalent iron(ZVI): Batch and column studies
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1002/jeq2.20018openalex-snapshot
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inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1002/jeq2.20261openalex-snapshot
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inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-014-1985-yopenalex-snapshot
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inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-014-2892-xopenalex-snapshot
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inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-2410-7openalex-snapshot
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inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-102727-1.00006-6openalex-snapshot
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inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2014.12.001openalex-snapshot
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inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.168640openalex-snapshot
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inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2012.01.030openalex-snapshot
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inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2012.01.095openalex-snapshot
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inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2012.09.003openalex-snapshot
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inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2013.04.021openalex-snapshot
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inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2013.07.018openalex-snapshot
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inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2014.08.040openalex-snapshot
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inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2015.11.019openalex-snapshot
Effect of pH-buffering on Cr(VI) reduction with pyrite in the presence of various organic acids: Continuous-flow experiments
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2016.11.154openalex-snapshot
Clay-supported nanoscale zero-valent iron composite materials for the remediation of contaminated aqueous solutions: A review
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2018.05.133openalex-snapshot
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inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2018.08.047openalex-snapshot
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inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2023.145739openalex-snapshot
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inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2025.163655openalex-snapshot
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inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.02.058openalex-snapshot
Humic acid aggregation in zero-valent iron systems and its effects on trichloroethylene removal
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.08.005openalex-snapshot
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inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.02.012openalex-snapshot
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inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.09.033openalex-snapshot
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inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.01.019openalex-snapshot
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inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.01.035openalex-snapshot
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inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.05.179openalex-snapshot
The enhancement roles of layered double hydroxide on the reductive immobilization of selenate by nanoscale zero valent iron: Macroscopic and microscopic approaches
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inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126057openalex-snapshot
The sequestration of Cr(VI) by zero valent iron under a non-uniform magnetic field: An interfacial dynamic reaction
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inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136439openalex-snapshot
One-step synthesis of a novel natural mineral-derived Fe@BC for enhancing Cr(VI) bioreduction: Synergistic role of electron transfer and microbial metabolism
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SiO2-coated zero-valent iron nanocomposites for aqueous nitrobenzene reduction in groundwater: Performance, reduction mechanism and the effects of hydrogeochemical constituents
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.129697openalex-snapshot
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inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2016.03.025openalex-snapshot
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inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.127678openalex-snapshot
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Column study of Cr(VI) removal by cationic hydrogel for in-situ remediation of contaminated groundwater and soil
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High carbon iron filings (HCIF) and metal reducing bacteria (Serratia sp.) co-assisted Cr (VI) reduction: Kinetics, mechanism and longevity
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109951openalex-snapshot
Enhanced Cr(VI) stabilization in soil by carboxymethyl cellulose-stabilized nanosized Fe0 (CMC-nFe0) and mixed anaerobic microorganisms
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Flower-, wire-, and sheet-like MnO2-deposited diatomites: Highly efficient absorbents for the removal of Cr(VI)
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Nanoencapsulation of hexavalent chromium with nanoscale zero-valent iron: High resolution chemical mapping of the passivation layer
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Reduction of chromate from electroplating wastewater from pH 1 to 2 using fluidized zero valent iron process
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Synthesis, characterization and re-activation of a Fe0/Ti system for the reduction of aqueous Cr(VI)
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.07.086openalex-snapshot
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Aqueous removal of diclofenac by plated elemental iron: Bimetallic systems
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Mechanism insights into enhanced Cr(VI) removal using nanoscale zerovalent iron supported on the pillared bentonite by macroscopic and spectroscopic studies
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inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.05.047openalex-snapshot
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inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.02.045openalex-snapshot
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inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.10.070openalex-snapshot
The reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) mediated by environmentally relevant carboxylic acids: State-of-the-art and perspectives
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.03.117openalex-snapshot
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inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126782openalex-snapshot
One-step elimination of Cr(VI) by catalytic hydrogenation of Cr(VI) and simultaneous Cr(OH)3 recovery on Pt catalysts encapsulated in N-doped mesoporous carbon
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtice.2013.09.026openalex-snapshot
Degradation of nitrobenzene in groundwater by nanoscale zero-valent iron particles incorporated inside the channels of SBA-15 rods
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtice.2014.11.033openalex-snapshot
Poly(vinylidene fluoride) membrane supported nano zero-valent iron for metronidazole removal: Influences of calcium and bicarbonate ions
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwpe.2024.106459openalex-snapshot
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inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107165openalex-snapshot
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inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwpe.2026.110301openalex-snapshot
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inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.01.043openalex-snapshot
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inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.03.238openalex-snapshot
The effects of flow rate and concentration on nitrobenzene removal in abiotic and biotic zero-valent iron columns
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.372openalex-snapshot
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inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.021openalex-snapshot
An advanced sol–gel strategy for enhancing interfacial reactivity of iron oxide nanoparticles on rosin biochar substrate to remove Cr(VI)
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150260openalex-snapshot
In situ remediation of Cr(VI) contaminated groundwater by ZVI-PRB and the corresponding indigenous microbial community responses: a field-scale study
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155791openalex-snapshot
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inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159446openalex-snapshot
Facile one-pot synthesis of polyethyleneimine functionalized α-FeOOH nanoraft consisted of single-layer parallel-aligned ultrathin nanowires for efficient removal of Cr (VI): Synergy of reduction and adsorption
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163233openalex-snapshot
The influence of various microplastics on PBDEs contaminated soil remediation by nZVI and sulfide-nZVI: Impedance, electron-accepting/-donating capacity and aging
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2022.121819openalex-snapshot
Hexagonal MgAl-LDH simultaneously facilitated active facet exposure and holes storage over ZnIn2S4/MgAl-LDH heterojunction for boosting photocatalytic activities and anti-photocorrosion
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2024.128043openalex-snapshot
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inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2009.03.005openalex-snapshot
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inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2009.06.022openalex-snapshot
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inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2010.02.037openalex-snapshot
Hexavalent chromium removal from near natural water by copper–iron bimetallic particles
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2013.12.043openalex-snapshot
Synergy of photocatalysis and adsorption for simultaneous removal of Cr(VI) and Cr(III) with TiO2 and titanate nanotubes
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2016.05.031openalex-snapshot
The influences of iron characteristics, operating conditions and solution chemistry on contaminants removal by zero-valent iron: A review
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2017.05.043openalex-snapshot
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inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2026.126923openalex-snapshot
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inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/s1001-0742(08)62191-9openalex-snapshot
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inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/s1001-0742(09)60314-4openalex-snapshot
Effects of pH and particle size on kinetics of nitrobenzene reduction by zero-valent iron
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/s1001-0742(12)60323-4openalex-snapshot
Effects on nano zero-valent iron reactivity of interactions between hardness, alkalinity, and natural organic matter in reverse osmosis concentrate
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6b06117openalex-snapshot
Combined Effect of Weak Magnetic Fields and Anions on Arsenite Sequestration by Zerovalent Iron: Kinetics and Mechanisms
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.8b05053openalex-snapshot
Microbial Chromate Reduction Coupled to Anaerobic Oxidation of Elemental Sulfur or Zerovalent Iron
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.8b05721openalex-snapshot
Selective Reduction of Nitrate into Nitrogen Using Cu/Fe Bimetal Combined with Sodium Sulfite
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.5b09647openalex-snapshot
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Mechanochemical Synthesis of Manganese-Modified Microscale Zerovalent Iron for Efficient Cr(VI) Removal: Performance and Mechanism
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1021/acsestengg.4c00556openalex-snapshot
Enhanced Reactivity and Electron Efficiency of Zerovalent Iron with Various Methods
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1021/es071572nopenalex-snapshot
Removal of Chromium (VI) by Acid-Washed Zero-Valent Iron under Various Groundwater Geochemistry Conditions
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1021/es072059copenalex-snapshot
Chromium(VI) Reduction Kinetics by Zero-Valent Iron in Moderately Hard Water with Humic Acid: Iron Dissolution and Humic Acid Adsorption
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1021/es202016dopenalex-snapshot
Environmental Life Cycle Assessment of Permeable Reactive Barriers: Effects of Construction Methods, Reactive Materials and Groundwater Constituents
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1021/es500958bopenalex-snapshot
Coupled Effects of Aging and Weak Magnetic Fields on Sequestration of Selenite by Zero-Valent Iron
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1039/b919909hopenalex-snapshot
Reduction and immobilization of chromium(vi) by nano-scale Fe0 particles supported on reproducible PAA/PVDF membrane
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1039/c6en00178eopenalex-snapshot
Aerosol synthesis of phase-controlled iron–graphene nanohybrids through FeOOH nanorod intermediates
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1039/c9ra00742copenalex-snapshot
Novel synthesis of a clay supported amorphous aluminum nanocomposite and its application in removal of hexavalent chromium from aqueous solutions
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1039/d1nj03122hopenalex-snapshot
Polyethylene glycol-stabilized bimetallic nickel–zero valent iron nanoparticles for efficient removal of Cr( vi )
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1039/d2nj04696bopenalex-snapshot
A polydopamine modified resin loaded nZVI composite for hexavalent chromium removal from aqueous solution
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1039/d4ra06943aopenalex-snapshot
Enhanced Cr( vi ) removal by Co and PPy co-modified Ca–Al-layered double hydroxides due to adsorption and reduction mechanisms
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1039/d5ew00171dopenalex-snapshot
Efficient removal of aqueous Cr( vi ) using sulfur-modified biochar derived from anaerobic digestate: synergistic mechanism for reduction and sorption
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)1090-025x(2007)11:3(132)openalex-snapshot
Performance Monitoring of Remediation Technologies for Soil and Groundwater Contamination: Review
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)hz.2153-5515.0000169openalex-snapshot
Mitigation of Chromium Contamination by Copper-ZVI Bimetallic Particles
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1061/9780784408810.ch14openalex-snapshot
Design Methodology for the Application of a Permeable Reactive Barrier for Groundwater Remediation
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1061/9780784408810.ch17openalex-snapshot
Hydraulic Studies of Zero-Valent Iron in Permeable Reactive Barriers Using Tracer Experiment
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1061/9780784408940.ch12openalex-snapshot
Performance Monitoring
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1061/9780784409398.ch03openalex-snapshot
Couples of Precipitation-Dissolution and Reduction-Oxidation Reactions
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1061/9780784410141.ch10openalex-snapshot
Pesticides
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/00986445.2019.1630389openalex-snapshot
Kinetics and thermodynamic studies of Cr(VI) adsorption using environmental friendly multifunctional zeolites synthesized from coal fly ash under mild conditions
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/01932691.2020.1848583openalex-snapshot
Nano zero-valent iron supported by macroporous styrene ion exchange resin for enhanced Cr(VI) removal from aqueous solution
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/01932691.2022.2052310openalex-snapshot
Biochar-loaded nZVI/Ni bimetallic particles for hexavalent chromium removal from aqueous solution
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/09593330.2020.1855257openalex-snapshot
A facile modification of cation exchange resin by nano-sized goethite for enhanced Cr(VI) removal from water
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/10643389.2017.1334457openalex-snapshot
The use of zero-valent iron (ZVI)–microbe technology for wastewater treatment with special attention to the factors influencing performance: A critical review
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/15422119.2012.748671openalex-snapshot
Water Treatment by Adsorption Columns: Evaluation at Ground Level
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/19443994.2012.749328openalex-snapshot
Removal of Cr(VI) from wastewater by supported nanoscale zero-valent iron on granular activated carbon
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/19443994.2015.1108238openalex-snapshot
Effects of co-present cations and anions on hexachlorobenzene removal by activated carbon, nano zerovalent iron and nano zerovalent/activated carbon composite
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1089/ees.2007.0089openalex-snapshot
A Laboratory Column Investigation for the Treatment of Cr(VI) with Zero-Valent Iron
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1089/ees.2012.0515openalex-snapshot
Effects of Groundwater Geochemical Constituents on Degradation of Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, and Xylene Coupled to Microbial Dissimilatory Fe(III) Reduction
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1089/ees.2015.0411openalex-snapshot
Effect of Hardness Ions on Cr(VI) Reduction with Organic Reducing Substances
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1109/rsete.2011.5964094openalex-snapshot
Influences of humic acid, bicarbonate and hardness on Cr(VI) removal by zero-valent iron in batch experiments
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-6593.2012.00322.xopenalex-snapshot
Effects of geochemical constituents on the zero‐valent iron reductive removal of nitrobenzene in groundwater
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1142/s1793292018300062openalex-snapshot
Recent Application of the Various Nanomaterials and Nanocatalysts for the Heavy Metals’ Removal from Wastewater
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12302-020-00332-7openalex-snapshot
Study on the influence mechanism of underground mineral element Fe(II) on Cr(VI) transformation under subsurface and groundwater interaction zones
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.15406/mojes.2022.07.00249openalex-snapshot
Evaluation of shallow groundwater in Rural Kebbi State, NW Nigeria, using multivariate analysis: implication for groundwater quality management
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.15406/mojes.7.3openalex-snapshot
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1680/jenge.24.00151openalex-snapshot
Effect of solution composition on the efficiency of Fe0 and lapillus permeable reactive barriers
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-695445/v1openalex-snapshot
WITHDRAWN: Removal of MTBE From Groundwater Using A PRB of ZVI/Sand Mixtures: Role of Nitrate And Hardness
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.2166/9781780401416openalex-snapshot
Chemical Oxidation Applications for Industrial Wastewaters
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.2175/106143009x426013openalex-snapshot
Reduction of Hexavalent Chromium in Aqueous Medium with Zerovalent Iron
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.30564/jgr.v2i3.2141openalex-snapshot
Reassessing Groundwater Potentials and Subsurface water Hydrochemistry in a Tropical Anambra Basin, Southeastern Nigeria
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.3390/app7070715openalex-snapshot
Reduction of Hexavalent Chromium Using Sorbaria sorbifolia Aqueous Leaf Extract
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29102350openalex-snapshot
Enhanced Chromium (VI) Removal by Micron-Scale Zero-Valent Iron Pretreated with Aluminum Chloride under Aerobic Conditions
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.34172/ehem.2022.28openalex-snapshot
Effects of operational parameters on methyl tert-butyl ether removal by permeable reactive barrier from polluted waters
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.3923/jas.2007.1522.1527openalex-snapshot
Reduction Remediation of Hexavalent Chromium by Pyrite in the Aqueous Phase
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.5004/dwt.2011.2620openalex-snapshot
Influence of pH and temperature on Cr(VI) removal from a natural water using Fe(II): A pilot and full scale case study
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.5204/thesis.eprints.131822openalex-snapshot
Synthesis and characterisation of mineral based composite materials for the remediation of contaminated aqueous solutions
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