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REAL WAGES AND STANDARDS OF LIVING IN THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE, 1489–1914

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Outgoing claims: the papers this work cites, builds on, or argues with.

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The Great Divergence in European Wages and Prices from the Middle Ages to the First World War
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Gross national product in Europe 1870–1910: Some new estimates
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Third world incomes before World War I: Some comparisons
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022050700028965openalex-snapshot
A Comparison of Levels of GDP Per Capita in Developed and Developing Countries, 1700–1980
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Catching Up, Forging Ahead, and Falling Behind
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The International Scientific Committee on Price History
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Wages in Nineteenth-Century Anatolia: A Comparison of Urban and Agricultural Trends
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WAGES IN THE WINCHESTER MANORS.
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.2307/204273openalex-snapshot
English Population, Wages, and Prices: 1541--1913
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.2307/2551457openalex-snapshot
Seven Centuries of the Prices of Consumables, Compared with Builders' Wage- Rates
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.2307/2596476openalex-snapshot
Pre-Industrial Economic Growth: Social Organization and Technological Progress in Europe.
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.2307/3087554openalex-snapshot
A Monetary History of the Ottoman Empire
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203464755-10openalex-snapshot
Real wages and relative factor prices around the Mediterranean, 1500–1940
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203464755.pt2openalex-snapshot
How poor was the European periphery before 1850?
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.28-1056openalex-snapshot
The lever of riches: technological creativity and economic progress
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.33-1716openalex-snapshot
An economic and social history of the Ottoman Empire, 1300-1914

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Incoming claims: where this work appears in other papers’ reference lists and arguments.

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Roman Real Wages in Context
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Different Paths to the Modern State in Europe: The Interaction between Domestic Political Economy and Interstate Competition
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Structural Impediments to African Growth? New Evidence from Real Wages in British Africa, 1880-1965
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Wages and Prices in Early Catalan Industrialisation
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The Financial Power of the Powerless: Socio-Economic Status and Interest Rates under Partial Rule of Law
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The Islamic Waqf: Instrument of Unequal Security, Worldly and Otherworldly
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Institutions, Wages and Inequality: The Case of Europe and its Periphery (1500-1899)
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A Game Theoretical Analysis of Source Allocation in the Early Modern Ottoman Empire Under Contractual Relationships: Case of Thessaloniki Customs
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The Tyranny of Numbers: Are There Acceptable Data for Nominal and Real Wages for Pre-modern China?
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What Is a Money Wage? Measuring the Earnings of Agricultural Labourers in Early Modern England
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Unreal Wages: Long-Run Living Standards and the ‘Golden Age’ of the Fifteenth Century
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Kütahya Ware Coffee Cups in Rural Cyprus and Greece: Peasant Ware It Is Not
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From beans to houses: The entrepreneurship and institutions of coffeehouses
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Between conquest and independence: Real wages and demographic change in Spanish America, 1530–1820
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Precios y salarios en Madrid, 1680-1800
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The real wages and living conditions of construction workers in Santiago de Chile during the later colonial period, 1788–1808
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The political economy of mass printing: Legitimacy and technological change in the Ottoman Empire
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Money and monetary stability in Europe, 1300–1914
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Japanese Unskilled Wages in International Perspective, 1741–1913
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Agricultural Productivity in the Early Ottoman Empire
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The Origins of Globalization: World Trade in the Making of the Global Economy, 1500–1800
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Rulers, Religion, and Riches
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The Ottoman Empire, 1700–1870
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Living Standards, Inequality, and Human Development
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The Climate of Rebellion in the Early Modern Ottoman Empire
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Growth and Its Limits
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Climate, Demography, Economy, and Polity in the Late Medieval–Early Modern World, 1350–1700
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Into the Modern Condition
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Middle East, north Africa and central Asia
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The Cambridge History of Turkey
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Chronology
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A note on transliteration
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Maps
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Introduction
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The Ottomans, 1451–1603
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Ottoman expansion in Europe, ca. 1453–1606
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Ottoman expansion in the East
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Ottoman expansion in the Mediterranean
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1017/cho9781139049047.010openalex-snapshot
Ottoman expansion in the Red Sea
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Government, administration and law
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The Ottoman government and economic life
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1017/cho9781139049047.014openalex-snapshot
Ottoman armies and warfare, 1453–1603
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1017/cho9781139049047.015openalex-snapshot
Religious institutions, policies and lives
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Ottoman population
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The order of knowledge, the knowledge of order
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The visual arts
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The literature of Rum
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Glossary
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Bibliography
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Quantifying the scientific revolution
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Estimating Economic Growth in the Middle East since 1820
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Fiscal Crisis and Institutional Change in the Ottoman Empire and France
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Inequality of Wealth in the Ottoman Empire: War, Weather, and Long-Term Trends in Eighteenth-Century Kastamonu
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Malthus, Wages, and Preindustrial Growth
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Structural Impediments to African Growth? New Evidence from Real Wages in British Africa, 1880–1965
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Globalization and the Near East: A Study of Cotton Market Integration in Egypt and Western Anatolia
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Plagues, Wages, and Economic Change in the Islamic Middle East, 700–1500
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American Exceptionalism as a Problem in Global History
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The Price of Legal Institutions: TheBeratlıMerchants in the Eighteenth-Century Ottoman Empire
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The Wealth Tax of 1942 and the Disappearance of Non-Muslim Enterprises in Turkey
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Six Centuries of Real Wages in France from Louis IX to Napoleon III: 1250–1860
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Neither So Low nor So Short: Wages and Heights in Bourbon Spanish America from an International Comparative Perspective
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Slavery and Decline of Slave-Ownership in Ottoman Bursa 1460–1880
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FAILURE TO LAUNCH: COST OF LIVING AND LIVING STANDARDS IN PERU DURING THE 19THCENTURY
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PRECIOS, PRODUCTO AGRARIO Y NIVELES DE VIDA EN LAS FRONTERAS RIOPLATENSES, 1700-1810: UNA NUEVA MIRADA SOBRE EL CRECIMIENTO ECONÓMICO TARDOCOLONIAL
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WHY DID THE MEDITERRANEAN FAIL TO GLOBALISE? REAL WAGES AND LABOUR MARKET INTEGRATION IN THE 19THCENTURY
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INFLACIÓN Y NIVELES DE VIDA EN SEVILLA DURANTE LA REVOLUCIÓN DE LOS PRECIOS
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A temporal analysis of wealth in eighteenth-century Ottoman Kastamonu
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An Investigation of Income and Wage Inequality in Turkey Using Burgernomics
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Road to unity? Nordic economic convergence in the long run
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Cash waqfs of Greece and Bulgaria in the Ottoman Empire from a comparative perspective, 1544–1912
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Rabbinical perspectives on money in seventeenth-century Ottoman Egypt
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Civil-Servant Aspirants: Ottoman Social Mobility in the Second Half of the Nineteenth Century
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Inheritance and Intergenerational Wealth Transmission in Eighteenth-Century Ottoman Kastamonu: an Empirical Investigation
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inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1515/9789048550234openalex-snapshot
Living Standards in Southeast Asia
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.15388/ekon.2023.102.2.4openalex-snapshot
Unveiling the Cyclical Patterns of Historical Wage Inequality among European Building Laborers
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.16971/vakiflar.1012884openalex-snapshot
Cash Waqfs of Ottoman Bosnia, 1526-1914: A Temporal Analysis Through Capital Levels
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.16971/vakiflar.1669947openalex-snapshot
Charity Through Bread: The Hamidiye Imâret and the Politics of Fodula Distribution in the Ottoman Empire (1781-1903)
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.17233/sosyoekonomi.2022.04.21openalex-snapshot
Erken Modern Dönem Osmanlı Devleti ve Avrupa’da Enflasyon
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1787/9789264104143-enopenalex-snapshot
The World Economy
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1787/9789264104150-fropenalex-snapshot
L'économie mondiale
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1787/9789264214262-6-enopenalex-snapshot
Demographic trends since 1820
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1787/9789264214262-8-enopenalex-snapshot
Real wages since 1820
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1787/9789264214262-enopenalex-snapshot
How Was Life?
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.18232/alhe.v16i2.416openalex-snapshot
Índices de precios de tres ciudades españolas, 1680-1800: Palencia, Madrid y Sevilla
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.18232/alhe.v20i3.551openalex-snapshot
Inestabilidad, costo de vida y salarios reales en Venezuela en el siglo XIX
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.18352/tseg.198openalex-snapshot
Real wages at the Cape of Good Hope: a long-term perspective, 1652-1912
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.18800/economia.201602.005openalex-snapshot
Despegue frustrado: costo de vida y estándares de vida en el Perú durante el siglo XIX
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.21076/vizyoner.959067openalex-snapshot
The Wealth of Ottoman Individuals by Different Socio-Economic Groups, 1650-1918: A Descriptive Analysis in the Context of Institutional Change
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvqsdt79.13openalex-snapshot
The Political Economy of Law and Economic Development in Islamic History
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvsr51jropenalex-snapshot
Living Standards in Southeast Asia
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.24215/2314257xe150openalex-snapshot
Los salarios de los peones albañiles en la ciudad de Buenos Aires durante la primera mitad del siglo XIX
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.30517/cihannuma.1040316openalex-snapshot
MAİŞET VE MEVACİB: EGE ADALARINDAKİ OSMANLI KALELERİNDE GEÇİM MÜCADELESİ
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/cafw2openalex-snapshot
Real Urban Wage in an Agricultural Economy Without Landless Farmers: Serbia 1862-1910
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.3200/hmts.37.2.87-102openalex-snapshot
Ottoman Tax Registers (Tahrir Defterleri)
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.33102/jfatwa.vol13no1.247openalex-snapshot
Elemen Kehidupan Wajar dalam Islam
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.3386/w13882openalex-snapshot
This Time is Different: A Panoramic View of Eight Centuries of Financial Crises
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.3386/w9161openalex-snapshot
Winners and Losers Over Two Centuries of Globalization
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.3390/educsci13050500openalex-snapshot
Higher Education in Post-Neoliberal Times: Building Human Capabilities in the Emergent Period of Uncertainty
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.3917/droz.david.2009.01.0411openalex-snapshot
Bibliographie
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.4000/anatoli.324openalex-snapshot
Bénéfice inattendu des capitulations : facilitation de l’échange impersonnel
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.4000/books.ifeagd.1950openalex-snapshot
Konstantinopolis’ten İstanbul’a İşçi Ücretleri, 1100-1800
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.4000/ceb.10949openalex-snapshot
Salaires, division sexuée du travail et hiérarchies sociales dans d’industrie textile grecque, 1912‑1936
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.4000/rh19.5108openalex-snapshot
Du déclin à la transformationRéflexions sur un nouveau paradigme en histoire ottomane
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.48139/aybukulliye.1429183openalex-snapshot
Cash Waqf Formation in Sarajevo, 1526-1921: A Temporal Analysis
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.5117/9789463729819openalex-snapshot
Living Standards in Southeast Asia
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.5195/jwsr.2006.381openalex-snapshot
Global Disparities Since 1800: Trends and Regional Patterns
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.54863/jief.1413696openalex-snapshot
AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SERVICES AND CAPITAL IN THE CASE OF RUMELIA CASH WAQFS
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.55188/ijif.v16is1.675openalex-snapshot
Analysis of Cash Waqfs and Real Wages in Ottoman Rumelia, 1500-1914
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.5539/ass.v9n17p187openalex-snapshot
Examining the Value of Money in Turkey over the Long Term (1469-2009)
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.5539/ijef.v5n3p73openalex-snapshot
Examining the Value of Money in England over the Long Term (1259-2009)
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.57155/rchr4676openalex-snapshot
ՊԱՏՄԱԿԱՆ ՍԻՐԻԱՅԻ ՀԱՅԵՐԸ ՕՍՄԱՆՅԱՆ ՇՐՋԱՆՈՒՄ (16-18-ՐԴ ԴԱՐԵՐ)
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.69878/deuefad.1618235openalex-snapshot
OSMANLI’DA EĞİTİMİN FİNANSMANI: 18. YÜZYIL RUMELİSİNDE MEDRESE SİSTEMİNİN SÜRDÜRÜLMESİNDE PARA VAKIFLARININ ROLÜ
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.70675/6b552adezb474z4a92z883ez4f36c5080205openalex-snapshot
Être immigré algérien dans l'Empire ottoman (1830-1918)
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.7203/saitabi.72.18529openalex-snapshot
ESTUDIO DE SALARIOS NOMINALES A TRAVÉS DE LA PRIMA DE HABILIDAD EN EL COLECTIVO DE TRABAJADORES DE LA SOTSOBRERIA DE MURS I VALLS DE VALENCIA (1380-1420).
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.9737/hist.2020.960openalex-snapshot
Tarihsel Süreçte "Personel Yönetimi": Geç Osmanlı Dönemine İlişkin Bir Arşiv Araştırması
Editorial review for independent work. ICSAC — the Institute for Complexity Science and Advanced Computing — runs a structured editorial panel for researchers publishing outside journals, and publishes on CiteStamp rails. Submission is free and goes through ORCID: icsacinstitute.org/submit.