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Is In-Service Granular Activated Carbon Biologically Active? An Evaluation of Alternative Experimental Methods to Distinguish Adsorption and Biodegradation in GAC

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What this work says

Outgoing claims: the papers this work cites, builds on, or argues with.

inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1551-8833.1987.tb02961.xopenalex-snapshot
Granular Activated Carbon Filter‐Adsorber Systems
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1551-8833.1991.tb07102.xopenalex-snapshot
Microbial Activity in GAC Filters at the Choisy‐le‐Roi Treatment Plant
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1551-8833.1999.tb08687.xopenalex-snapshot
Determining GAC bed life
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1551-8833.1999.tb08719.xopenalex-snapshot
Atrazine removal by preloaded GAC
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00206097openalex-snapshot
Effects of sterilization methods on the physical characteristics of soil: Implications for sorption isotherm analyses
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-08822-0openalex-snapshot
Extraction of active pharmaceutical ingredients from simulated spent activated carbonaceous adsorbents
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/0038-0717(91)90193-nopenalex-snapshot
Dynamics of residual enzyme activities, denitrification potential, and physico-chemical properties in a γ-sterilized soil
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/1359-0197(87)90072-5openalex-snapshot
Adsorption properties of gamma-irradiated carbons
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.12.120openalex-snapshot
Identification of critical contaminants in wastewater effluent for managed aquifer recharge
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124886openalex-snapshot
Selection and evaluation of water pretreatment technologies for managed aquifer recharge (MAR) with reclaimed water
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.214openalex-snapshot
Advanced biological activated carbon filter for removing pharmaceutically active compounds from treated wastewater
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2007.05.057openalex-snapshot
Discriminating and assessing adsorption and biodegradation removal mechanisms during granular activated carbon filtration of microcystin toxins
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2010.06.038openalex-snapshot
Removal of perfluorooctane sulfonate from wastewater by anion exchange resins: Effects of resin properties and solution chemistry
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2011.04.052openalex-snapshot
Fate of Perfluorooctanesulfonate and perfluorooctanoate in drinking water treatment processes
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2011.07.026openalex-snapshot
Occurrence and removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in an advanced wastewater reclamation plant
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2014.05.035openalex-snapshot
Abundance and composition of indigenous bacterial communities in a multi-step biofiltration-based drinking water treatment plant
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2017.10.019openalex-snapshot
Comparative assessment of ceramic media for drinking water biofiltration
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2018.09.023openalex-snapshot
The relative roles of sorption and biodegradation in the removal of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) in GAC-sand biofilters
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2019.115381openalex-snapshot
Removal of poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) from water by adsorption: Role of PFAS chain length, effect of organic matter and challenges in adsorbent regeneration
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2020.116065openalex-snapshot
The effect of water temperature on the removal of 2-methylisoborneol and geosmin by preloaded granular activated carbon
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2021.117636openalex-snapshot
Evaluation of enzyme activity for monitoring biofiltration performance in drinking water treatment
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2021.118026openalex-snapshot
Understanding adsorption and biodegradation in granular activated carbon for drinking water treatment: A critical review
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/s0929-1393(98)00149-8openalex-snapshot
Re-inoculation of autoclaved soil as a non-sterile treatment for xenobiotic sorption and biodegradation studies
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.0c01730openalex-snapshot
Microbiome of Drinking Water Biofilters is Influenced by Environmental Factors and Engineering Decisions but has Little Influence on the Microbiome of the Filtrate
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.1c02728openalex-snapshot
Tracking 14C-Labeled Organic Micropollutants to Differentiate between Adsorption and Degradation in GAC and Biofilm Processes
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestwater.1c00092openalex-snapshot
Micropollutant Mass Transfer Zones in Granular Activated Carbon Contactors
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1039/c8ew00600hopenalex-snapshot
Experimental validation of a test to estimate the remaining adsorption capacity of granular activated carbon for taste and odour compounds
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1039/c9ew00054bopenalex-snapshot
Biodegradation and attenuation of MIB and 2,4-D in drinking water biologically active sand and activated carbon filters
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)ee.1943-7870.0001626openalex-snapshot
Minicolumn Test of Remaining GAC Performance for Taste and Odor Removal: Theoretical Analysis
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1080/09593330.2013.803132openalex-snapshot
Gamma irradiation: a method to produce an abiotic control for biological activated carbon
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1080/09593332808618770openalex-snapshot
Removal of Geosmin and MIB by Biofiltration - an Investigation Discriminating Between Adsorption and Biodegradation
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2389.2008.01016.xopenalex-snapshot
Effect of gamma‐sterilization and autoclaving on soil organic matter structure as studied by solid state NMR, UV and fluorescence spectroscopy
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2672.1963.tb04784.xopenalex-snapshot
Radiation Resistance among Bacteria
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1128/jb.47.3.231-238.1944openalex-snapshot
Studies of the Effect of Sodium Azide on Microbic Growth and Respiration
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1152/ajplegacy.1921.57.1.125openalex-snapshot
IS CATALASE A MEASURE OF METABOLIC ACTIVITY?
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq1989.00472425001800010007xopenalex-snapshot
Influence of Sterilization Methods on Selected Soil Microbiological, Physical, and Chemical Properties
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.1994.0361openalex-snapshot
Integrated Approach for Biofilm Characterisation and Biomass Activity Control
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.3103/s1063455x10060032openalex-snapshot
Influence of sodium azide on the removal of fulvic acids by activated carbon
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.3769/radioisotopes.22.6_303openalex-snapshot
Effect of Gamma Irradiation on Cellular ATP of Escherichia coli
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.49-6910openalex-snapshot
Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.5942/jawwa.2014.106.0107openalex-snapshot
Assessment of biomass in drinking water biofilters by adenosine triphosphate

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Incoming claims: where this work appears in other papers’ reference lists and arguments.

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inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134449openalex-snapshot
Biological degradation of organic micropollutants in GAC filters–temporal development and spatial variations
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.138498openalex-snapshot
PFAS inhibited sulfamethoxazole removal by regulating biofilm metabolisms on biological activated carbon
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141030openalex-snapshot
How adsorption vs biodegradation sustains the treatability of odorous acetal/terpene in bioactive activated carbon filters
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.143033openalex-snapshot
Iron minerals facilitate eco-corona formation and organic contaminants adsorption on microplastics
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwpe.2024.106299openalex-snapshot
Preparation of high-capacity adsorbent for removing perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) from aquatic solutions using expanded graphite-modified with iron/triethylenetetramine
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.108974openalex-snapshot
Implications of biological activated carbon (BAC) filters for pharmaceutical removal from municipal wastewater: A review on its properties, operational factors, and biofilms
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2025.124726openalex-snapshot
Enhancing operational stability and pollutants removal in dynamic membrane bioreactors via granular activated carbon for landfill leachate treatment
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.psep.2025.107188openalex-snapshot
In situ ultrasonic-backwash regeneration of upflow activated carbon filters for improved removal of organics from drinking water
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2023.120254openalex-snapshot
Enhanced permeation performance of biofiltration-facilitated gravity-driven membrane (GDM) systems by in-situ application of UV and VUV: Comprehensive insights from thermodynamic and multi-omics perspectives
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inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2025.125090openalex-snapshot
Effect of media age on cytotoxicity of drinking water treated by biological activated carbon filters and chlorine disinfection
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2026.126238openalex-snapshot
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inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c00815openalex-snapshot
New Perspectives on the Interactions between Adsorption and Degradation of Organic Micropollutants in Granular Activated Carbon Filters
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6c04768openalex-snapshot
Looking beyond Sorption in GAC Filters: How Extended Contact Times and Functionally Distinct Microbial Biomass Enable Enhanced Micropollutant Biodegradation
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6c07959openalex-snapshot
Start-Up Manganese Imprinting Delays Breakthrough of Representative PFAS in Biological Activated Carbon through Persistent Bio-Carbon Interfacial Conditioning
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1021/acsestengg.6c00341openalex-snapshot
Micro- and Nanobubbles Enhance the Abatement of Biodegradable Micropollutants in Aged Biological Activated Carbon Filters
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4903776openalex-snapshot
In Situ Ultrasonic-Backwash Regeneration of Upflow Activated Carbon Filters for Improved Removal of Organics from Drinking Water
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.6765397openalex-snapshot
Ozone-enhanced biological micropollutant removal: Contributions of new and established biofilm communities in ozone-activated carbon filters
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