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Ligand-induced conformational changes allosterically activate Toll-like receptor 9
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What this work says
Outgoing claims: the papers this work cites, builds on, or argues with.
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CpG motif‐independent activation of TLR9 upon endosomal translocation of “natural” phosphodiester DNA
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1460-2075.1994.tb06915.xopenalex-snapshot
DNA‐binding induces a major structural transition in a type I methyltransferase.
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Crystal structure of the Hhal DNA methyltransferase complexed with S-adenosyl-l-methionine
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Folding transition in the DMA-binding domain of GCN4 on specific binding to DNA
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CpG motifs in bacterial DNA trigger direct B-cell activation
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TLR9 signals after translocating from the ER to CpG DNA in the lysosome
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Nucleic acids of mammalian origin can act as endogenous ligands for Toll-like receptors and may promote systemic lupus erythematosus
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Sequence requirements for oligodeoxyribonucleotide inhibitory activity
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Sequence-Specific DNA Binding by a Short Peptide Dimer
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Oligodeoxynucleotides Differentially Modulate Activation of TLR7 and TLR8 by Imidazoquinolines
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Structures of pattern recognition receptors reveal molecular mechanisms of autoinhibition, ligand recognition and oligomerization
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.coi.2016.10.003openalex-snapshot
Nucleic acid-sensing TLRs: trafficking and regulation
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.crstbi.2023.100097openalex-snapshot
Structural modelling and dynamics of full-length of TLR10 sheds light on possible modes of dimerization, ligand binding and mechanism of action
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.cyto.2007.11.013openalex-snapshot
Structure–function relationships in the IL-17 receptor: Implications for signal transduction and therapy
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.cyto.2008.07.017openalex-snapshot
An overview of IL-17 function and signaling
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.cyto.2015.02.025openalex-snapshot
Toll-like receptors: Activation, signalling and transcriptional modulation
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.cytogfr.2007.10.006openalex-snapshot
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells and type I IFN: 50 years of convergent history
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.dci.2012.11.011openalex-snapshot
A novel myeloid differentiation factor 88 homolog, SpMyD88, exhibiting SpToll-binding activity in the mud crab Scylla paramamosain
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.dci.2013.12.002openalex-snapshot
C7: A CpG oligodeoxynucleotide that induces protective immune response against megalocytivirus in Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) via toll-like receptor 9-mediated signaling pathway
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.dci.2016.03.007openalex-snapshot
A specific CpG oligodeoxynucleotide induces protective antiviral responses against grass carp reovirus in grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.drudis.2025.104495openalex-snapshot
Structure-guided approaches to modulate endosomal toll-like receptors TLR7, TLR8 and TLR9: advances, challenges and therapeutic promise
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.drudis.2025.104554openalex-snapshot
Advances and challenges in Toll-like receptor-targeted therapy for rheumatoid arthritis
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.04.024openalex-snapshot
Mechanisms for the activation of Toll-like receptor 2/4 by saturated fatty acids and inhibition by docosahexaenoic acid
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.febslet.2010.12.031openalex-snapshot
Nerve growth factor receptor TrkA exists as a preformed, yet inactive, dimer in living cells
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.febslet.2014.08.031openalex-snapshot
Toll‐like receptor 3 transmembrane domain is able to perform various homotypic interactions: An NMR structural study
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.fgb.2008.01.003openalex-snapshot
Detection and localisation of protein–protein interactions in Saccharomyces cerevisiae using a split-GFP method
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2017.08.030openalex-snapshot
CpG ODN 1668 induce innate and adaptive immune responses in rock bream ( Oplegnathus fasciatus ) against rock bream iridovirus (RBIV) infection
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2017.09.036openalex-snapshot
Gene expression regulation of the TLR9 and MyD88-dependent pathways in rock bream against rock bream iridovirus (RBIV) infection
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2020.03.064openalex-snapshot
Immune sensing of DNA and strategies for fish DNA vaccine development
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.gendis.2022.08.008openalex-snapshot
Molecular and cellular pathophysiology of circulating cardiomyocyte-specific cell free DNA (cfDNA): Biomarkers of heart failure and potential therapeutic targets
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.imlet.2012.11.003openalex-snapshot
Toll-like receptor 9 processing: The key event in Toll-like receptor 9 activation?
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2007.08.012openalex-snapshot
Innate Recognition of Viruses
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2007.09.009openalex-snapshot
Control of Toll-like Receptor 7 Expression Is Essential to Restrict Autoimmunity and Dendritic Cell Proliferation
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2008.01.013openalex-snapshot
The DNA Sugar Backbone 2′ Deoxyribose Determines Toll-like Receptor 9 Activation
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2008.02.009openalex-snapshot
Baseless Assumptions: Activation of TLR9 by DNA
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2008.06.004openalex-snapshot
When Signaling Pathways Collide: Positive and Negative Regulation of Toll-like Receptor Signal Transduction
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2008.07.007openalex-snapshot
Structures of the Toll-like Receptor Family and Its Ligand Complexes
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2009.05.008openalex-snapshot
Recognition of 5′ Triphosphate by RIG-I Helicase Requires Short Blunt Double-Stranded RNA as Contained in Panhandle of Negative-Strand Virus
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2009.09.013openalex-snapshot
Critical Role for Asparagine Endopeptidase in Endocytic Toll-like Receptor Signaling in Dendritic Cells
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2010.03.012openalex-snapshot
Intracellular Toll-like Receptors
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2011.10.009openalex-snapshot
Transmembrane Mutations in Toll-like Receptor 9 Bypass the Requirement for Ectodomain Proteolysis and Induce Fatal Inflammation
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.intimp.2011.02.023openalex-snapshot
Aggregation and secondary loop structure of oligonucleotides do not determine their ability to inhibit TLR9
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.intimp.2011.04.026openalex-snapshot
The essential roles of Toll-like receptor signaling pathways in sterile inflammatory diseases
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2026.117060openalex-snapshot
Insights into human TLR9 structural dynamics and recognition of pathogen-associated CpG DNA using molecular dynamics simulation
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.it.2012.06.005openalex-snapshot
Defining the subcellular sites of innate immune signal transduction
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaut.2009.11.013openalex-snapshot
Nucleic acid-associated autoantigens: Pathogenic involvement and therapeutic potential
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaut.2010.11.001openalex-snapshot
Cell-specific expression of TLR9 isoforms in inflammation
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaut.2014.02.005openalex-snapshot
TLR9 expressed on plasma membrane acts as a negative regulator of human B cell response
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2011.05.001openalex-snapshot
Förster resonance energy transfer – A spectroscopic nanoruler: Principle and applications
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsb.2009.12.007openalex-snapshot
Inhibition of Toll-like receptors TLR4 and 7 signaling pathways by SIGIRR: A computational approach
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsb.2011.12.002openalex-snapshot
Toll-like receptor 5 forms asymmetric dimers in the absence of flagellin
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.micinf.2014.01.007openalex-snapshot
Structure and function of toll-like receptor 8
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.micpath.2011.05.004openalex-snapshot
Yersinia pestis TIR-domain protein forms dimers that interact with the human adaptor protein MyD88
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.molimm.2008.09.024openalex-snapshot
Characterization of bovine Toll-like receptor 8: Ligand specificity, signaling essential sites and dimerization
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.molimm.2009.06.002openalex-snapshot
Chicken TLR21 acts as a functional homologue to mammalian TLR9 in the recognition of CpG oligodeoxynucleotides
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.molimm.2009.11.003openalex-snapshot
A five-amino-acid motif in the undefined region of the TLR8 ectodomain is required for species-specific ligand recognition
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.molimm.2011.01.011openalex-snapshot
The immunostimulatory activity of phosphorothioate CpG oligonucleotides is affected by distal sequence changes
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.molimm.2015.02.002openalex-snapshot
Molecular cloning and functional characterization of porcine cyclic GMP–AMP synthase
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.nano.2015.08.004openalex-snapshot
Self-assembling DNA hydrogel-based delivery of immunoinhibitory nucleic acids to immune cells
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102897openalex-snapshot
Nucleic acid nanomaterials: Mechanisms and strategies for regulating innate immune activation
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2015.06.021openalex-snapshot
The role of protein–protein interactions in Toll-like receptor function
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.pharmthera.2012.05.006openalex-snapshot
Imaging inflammation: Molecular strategies to visualize key components of the inflammatory cascade, from initiation to resolution
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.pharmthera.2013.03.003openalex-snapshot
Toll-like receptors as therapeutic targets for autoimmune connective tissue diseases
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.pharmthera.2015.12.005openalex-snapshot
Toll-like receptors mediating vascular malfunction: Lessons from receptor subtypes
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.pharmthera.2026.109016openalex-snapshot
The role of MyD88 in the nervous system: Neuronal functions, implications in neurological diseases, and therapeutic potential
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrs.2015.11.010openalex-snapshot
Structure, mechanism and therapeutic utility of immunosuppressive oligonucleotides
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.pupt.2008.11.012openalex-snapshot
Bacterial DNA delays human eosinophil apoptosis
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.semcancer.2013.05.003openalex-snapshot
The structural network of inflammation and cancer: Merits and challenges
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.smim.2009.05.003openalex-snapshot
Innate immune sensing and activation of cell surface Toll-like receptors
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.str.2011.02.004openalex-snapshot
The Structural Biology of Toll-like Receptors
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.tcb.2013.12.002openalex-snapshot
Trafficking of endosomal Toll-like receptors
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.01.165openalex-snapshot
Optically triggered immune response through photocaged oligonucleotides
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.tibs.2009.06.011openalex-snapshot
Activating immunity: lessons from the TLRs and NLRs
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultramic.2010.02.033openalex-snapshot
Higher order structure of short immunostimulatory oligonucleotides studied by atomic force microscopy
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.11.003openalex-snapshot
Adjuvating the adjuvant: Facilitated delivery of an immunomodulatory oligonucleotide to TLR9 by a cationic antimicrobial peptide in dendritic cells
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.11.053openalex-snapshot
Designing an immunocyte-targeting delivery system by use of beta-glucan
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetimm.2013.06.017openalex-snapshot
To con protection: TIR-domain containing proteins (Tcp) and innate immune evasion
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.virol.2015.02.051openalex-snapshot
PRRs are watching you: Localization of innate sensing and signaling regulators
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1021/acs.biochem.0c00466openalex-snapshot
Equilibrium Binding Model for CpG DNA-Dependent Dimerization of Toll-like Receptor 9 Ectodomain
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.0c00523openalex-snapshot
Immune Responses and Antitumor Effect through Delivering to Antigen Presenting Cells by Optimized Conjugates Consisting of CpG-DNA and Antigenic Peptide
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.7b00159openalex-snapshot
Complex Consisting of β-Glucan and Antigenic Peptides with Cleavage Site for Glutathione and Aminopeptidases Induces Potent Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1021/acs.biomac.0c00679openalex-snapshot
Monomeric G-Quadruplex-Based CpG Oligodeoxynucleotides as Potent Toll-Like Receptor 9 Agonists
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jcim.3c01041openalex-snapshot
Computed Protein–Protein Enthalpy Signatures as a Tool for Identifying Conformation Sampling Problems
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jcim.4c00578openalex-snapshot
Discovery of Novel Small Molecule Dual Inhibitor Targeting Toll-Like Receptors 7 and 9
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.1c02128openalex-snapshot
Immunostimulatory AIE Dots for Live-Cell Imaging and Drug Delivery
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.5b06987openalex-snapshot
Self-Assembled DNA Immunonanoflowers as Multivalent CpG Nanoagents
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6b00756openalex-snapshot
Potent Immune Stimulation from Nanoparticle Carriers Relies on the Interplay of Adjuvant Surface Density and Adjuvant Mass Distribution
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6c00572openalex-snapshot
DNA Scavenging Biomaterials for Treatment of Autoimmune Disease: A Review
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1021/acsmedchemlett.5c00760openalex-snapshot
Discovery of Triazine-Based Toll-Like Receptor 9 Antagonists with Oral Activity
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.0c07440openalex-snapshot
Exploiting Rational Assembly to Map Distinct Roles of Regulatory Cues during Autoimmune Therapy
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.2c06275openalex-snapshot
Innate Immune Stimulation Using 3D Wireframe DNA Origami
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.8b05893openalex-snapshot
Nanoparticle-Mediated Remodeling of the Tumor Microenvironment to Enhance Immunotherapy
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1021/bc1001196openalex-snapshot
Enhanced Cytokine Secretion from Primary Macrophages due to Dectin-1 Mediated Uptake of CpG DNA/β-1,3-Glucan Complex
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1021/bc100436yopenalex-snapshot
Conjugation of Lipid and CpG-Containing Oligonucleotide Yields an Efficient Method for Liposome Incorporation
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1021/bk-2019-1309.ch004openalex-snapshot
A Novel Polysaccharide Carrier for Functional Oligonucleotides: Immunocyte Targeting through β-Glucan Receptors
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1021/cb500079sopenalex-snapshot
Directing the Immune System with Chemical Compounds
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.5c00481openalex-snapshot
Dynamic DNA-Based Nanoadjuvants for TLR9 Clustering and Innate Immune Activation in Dendritic Cells
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.6c17839openalex-snapshot
Random Hybrid Polypeptides Regulate Immune Signaling through Promiscuous and Dynamic Interaction Landscapes
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1021/jm070881lopenalex-snapshot
Agonists of Toll-like Receptor 9 Containing Synthetic Dinucleotide Motifs
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1021/jm100177popenalex-snapshot
Impact of Nature and Length of Linker Incorporated in Agonists on Toll-Like Receptor 9-Mediated Immune Responses
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1021/jm8014316openalex-snapshot
Oligodeoxyribonucleotide-Based Antagonists for Toll-Like Receptors 7 and 9
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1021/jm900730ropenalex-snapshot
Modifications Incorporated in CpG Motifs of Oligodeoxynucleotides Lead to Antagonist Activity of Toll-like Receptors 7 and 9
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