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Geologic Time Scale v. 4.0

https://doi.org/10.1130/2012.cts004r3c
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Tectonic paleostress fields in the southwestern part of Jordan: New insights from the fault slip data in the southeastern flank of the Dead Sea Fault Zone
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Detrital Zircon Record of a Mesozoic Collisional Forearc Basin in South Central Alaska: The Tectonic Transition From an Oceanic to Continental Arc
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1002/9781118392409.ch16openalex-snapshot
Climbing plants in the fossil record: Paleozoic to present
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The timing of oceanic anoxic events in the C retaceous succession of C auvery B asin: C onstraints from 40Ar/39Ar ages of glauconite in the K arai S hale F ormation
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Molecular phylogenetic and population genetic relationships of a putative species of sucker (Catostomus sp.) from Surprise Valley in the Great Basin, USA
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58325-9_6openalex-snapshot
Flower-Related Fossils from the Jurassic
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/s00126-022-01124-0openalex-snapshot
Integrated stratigraphy, lithofacies, and U–Pb geochronology of the Myra Falls VHMS deposits, British Columbia, Canada: implications for episodic volcanism and ore deposit formation
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Retrogressed lawsonite blueschists from the NW Iberian Massif: P–T–t constraints from thermodynamic modelling and 40Ar/39Ar geochronology
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/s12040-021-01652-9openalex-snapshot
Paleointensity of the Earth's magnetic field at $$ \sim $$117 Ma determined from the Rajmahal and Sylhet Trap Basalts, India
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/s12303-014-0042-6openalex-snapshot
SHRIMP U-Pb ages and Hf isotopic composition of the detrital zircons from the Myogok Formation, SE Korea: development of terrestrial basin and igneous activity during the early Cretaceous
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.cretres.2013.02.001openalex-snapshot
Late Cretaceous U–Pb tuff ages from the Skunk Ranch Formation and their implications for age of Laramide deformation, Little Hatchet Mountains, southwestern New Mexico, U.S.A.
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrs.2022.01.002openalex-snapshot
Spectral analyses, geology and petrology of the Gulf of Suez rift-related Oligo-Miocene basalts at Abu Zenima area, west central Sinai, Egypt
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.2026.08.009openalex-snapshot
Deep seismic imaging of a polydeformed accretionary orogen: Crustal architecture and evolution of the central Lachlan Orogen, East Gondwana margin
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2026.106136openalex-snapshot
Origin and age of the polymetallic (Au-Cu-Pb) mineralisation in the Mesoproterozoic Mpanda Mineral Field of the Paleoproterozoic Ubendian Belt, SW Tanzania
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jseaes.2014.12.016openalex-snapshot
Ophiolites of Iran: Keys to understanding the tectonic evolution of SW Asia: (II) Mesozoic ophiolites
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1017/jpa.2017.22openalex-snapshot
Paleocene echinoid faunas of the eastern United States
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1017/s0016756814000284openalex-snapshot
The late-surviving ‘duck-billed’ dinosaur Augustynolophus from the upper Maastrichtian of western North America and crest evolution in Saurolophini
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1017/s0016756817000899openalex-snapshot
The tectonic setting of the eastern margin of the Sino-Korean Block inferred from detrital zircon U–Pb age and Nd isotope composition of the Pyeongan Supergroup (upper Palaeozoic – Lower Triassic), Korea
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1029/2018tc005006openalex-snapshot
Greenschist Facies Metamorphic Zircon Overgrowths as a Constraint on Exhumation of the Brooks Range Metamorphic Core, Alaska
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms7455openalex-snapshot
Limited role of functional differentiation in early diversification of animals
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/00206814.2017.1396933openalex-snapshot
What is Franciscan?: revisited
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/02724634.2013.809285openalex-snapshot
Vertebrate taphonomy of the Ischigualasto Formation
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/02724634.2014.885034openalex-snapshot
Fossil Sirenia of the West Atlantic and Caribbean region. xi.Callistosiren boriquensis, gen. et sp. nov.
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/02724634.2015.1054495openalex-snapshot
A primitive hadrosaurid from southeastern North America and the origin and early evolution of ‘duck-billed’ dinosaurs
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/08912963.2015.1020423openalex-snapshot
A perfect flower from the Jurassic of China
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/09853111.2014.882536openalex-snapshot
Origin and evolution of the Havran Unit, Western Sakarya basement (NW Turkey): new LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating of the metasedimentary-metagranitic rocks and possible affiliation to Avalonian microcontinent
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/14772000.2013.821187openalex-snapshot
Phylogeny and temporal divergence of the seagrass family Zosteraceae using one nuclear and three chloroplast loci
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/14772019.2017.1343258openalex-snapshot
First record of fossil Trachycarpeae in Africa: three new species ofPalmoxylonfrom the Oligocene (Rupelian) Gebel Qatrani Formation, Fayum, Egypt
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1086/676972openalex-snapshot
Phylogenetics and Biogeography of Apios (Fabaceae) Inferred from Sequences of Nuclear and Plastid Genes
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1086/704354openalex-snapshot
Allopatric Speciation in Asia Contributed to the Diversity Anomaly between Eastern Asia and Eastern North America: Evidence from Anchored Phylogenomics ofStewartia(Theaceae)
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plz017openalex-snapshot
Recent range expansion in Australian hummock grasses (Triodia) inferred using genotyping-by-sequencing
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/mst101openalex-snapshot
Timing and Consequences of Recurrent Polyploidy in Meadow-Rues (Thalictrum, Ranunculaceae)
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2020.0355openalex-snapshot
Tides: A key environmental driver of osteichthyan evolution and the fish-tetrapod transition?
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1111/bre.12198openalex-snapshot
Using detrital zircon U‐Pb ages to calculate Late Cretaceous sedimentation rates in the Magallanes‐Austral basin, Patagonia
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1111/iar.12258openalex-snapshot
SHRIMP U–Pb ages of detrital zircons from the Early Cretaceous Nakdong Formation, South East Korea: Timing of initiation of the Gyeongsang Basin and its provenance
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.12276openalex-snapshot
Footprints of past intensive diversification and structuring in the genus Zelkova (Ulmaceae) in south‐western Eurasia
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12535openalex-snapshot
Maple phylogeny and biogeography inferred from phylogenomic data
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1111/nph.13572openalex-snapshot
A macro‐ecological perspective on crassulacean acid metabolism ( CAM ) photosynthesis evolution in Afro‐Madagascan drylands: Eulophiinae orchids as a case study
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1111/nph.13920openalex-snapshot
The abiotic and biotic drivers of rapid diversification in A ndean bellflowers (Campanulaceae)
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12286openalex-snapshot
Palaeocene origin of the N eotropical lineage of cleptoparasitic bees E ricrocidini‐ R hathymini ( H ymenoptera, A pidae)
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12371openalex-snapshot
Inverse dispersal patterns in a group of ant parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Eucharitidae: Oraseminae) and their ant hosts
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1130/2018.2540(18)openalex-snapshot
Four-dimensional model of Cretaceous depositional geometry and sediment flux in the northern Great Valley forearc, California
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1130/abs/2018am-324347openalex-snapshot
U-PB AND HF ISOTOPIC ANALYSIS OF DETRITAL ZIRCONS FROM PALEOZOIC AND CRETACEOUS STRATA OF SOUTHERN VANCOUVER ISLAND, BRITISH COLUMBIA
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1130/abs/2018rm-314407openalex-snapshot
U-PB AND HF ISOTOPIC ANALYSIS OF DETRITAL ZIRCONS FROM PALEOZOIC AND CRETACEOUS STRATA OF SOUTHERN VANCOUVER ISLAND, BRITISH COLUMBIA
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1130/b31550.1openalex-snapshot
Regional and temporal variability of melts during a Cordilleran magma pulse: Age and chemical evolution of the Jurassic arc, eastern Mojave Desert, California
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1130/b31964.1openalex-snapshot
Petrogenesis of the Dunite Peak ophiolite, south-central Yukon, and the distinction between upper-plate and lower-plate settings: A new hypothesis for the late Paleozoic–early Mesozoic tectonic evolution of the Northern Cordillera
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1130/g35467.1openalex-snapshot
A record of the Jurassic massive plate shift from the Garedu Formation of central Iran
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1130/ges01174.1openalex-snapshot
Provenance of a Permian erg on the western margin of Pangea: Depositional system of the Kungurian (late Leonardian) Castle Valley and White Rim sandstones and subjacent Cutler Group, Paradox Basin, Utah, USA
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1130/ges01186.1openalex-snapshot
Hornbrook Formation, Oregon and California: A sedimentary record of the Late Cretaceous Sierran magmatic flare-up event
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1130/ges01198.1openalex-snapshot
Cenozoic paleogeographic evolution of the Elko Basin and surrounding region, northeast Nevada
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1130/ges01340.1openalex-snapshot
Zircon U-Pb ages and petrologic evolution of the English Peak granitic pluton: Jurassic crustal growth in northwestern California
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1130/ges01425.1openalex-snapshot
A shifting rift—Geophysical insights into the evolution of Rio Grande rift margins and the Embudo transfer zone near Taos, New Mexico
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1130/ges01470.1openalex-snapshot
Neoproterozoic–early Paleozoic provenance evolution of sedimentary rocks in and adjacent to the Farewell terrane (interior Alaska)
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1130/ges01588.1openalex-snapshot
The Mystic subterrane (partly) demystified: New data from the Farewell terrane and adjacent rocks, interior Alaska
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1130/ges02295.1openalex-snapshot
Age and tectonic setting of the Quinebaug-Marlboro belt and implications for the history of Ganderian crustal fragments in southeastern New England, USA
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1130/ges02686.1openalex-snapshot
Early Oligocene record of an “iceberg alley” in the Weddell Sea from quartz sand microtextural analysis at ODP Site 696
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1130/l475.1openalex-snapshot
U-Pb and Hf isotope analysis of detrital zircons from Paleozoic strata of the southern Alexander terrane (southeast Alaska)
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1130/l592.1openalex-snapshot
Links between sedimentary basin development and Pacific Basin plate kinematics recorded in Jurassic to Miocene strata on the western Alaska Peninsula
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1134/s1819714015020037openalex-snapshot
Yellow Sea Transform Fault (YSTF) and the developemnt of Korean Peninsula
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1139/cjes-2018-0255openalex-snapshot
Zircons to the front: accretionary history of the Rheno-Hercynian active margin (Variscides, Germany)
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1144/jgs2016-081openalex-snapshot
The Eurekan deformation in the Arctic: an outline
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1144/sp379.22openalex-snapshot
The first occurrence of Chanaresuchus bonapartei (Archosauriformes, Proterochampsia) of the Middle Triassic of Brazil from the Santacruzodon Assemblage Zone, Santa Maria Formation (Paraná Basin)
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1144/sp438.9openalex-snapshot
Interaction of crustal heterogeneity and lithospheric processes in determining passive margin architecture on the southern Namibian margin
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1144/sp460.1openalex-snapshot
Mesozoic structural evolution of the New Siberian Islands
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1144/sp469.3openalex-snapshot
Lower Cretaceous reservoir development in the North Sea Central Graben, and potential analogue settings in the Southern Permian Basin and South Viking Graben
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12862-016-0730-0openalex-snapshot
A new xyelotomid (Hymenoptera) from the Middle Jurassic of China displaying enigmatic venational asymmetry
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1186/s40851-018-0110-2openalex-snapshot
Evolution of the muscular system in tetrapod limbs
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1353/ijes.2013.0005openalex-snapshot
THE CARBON ISOTOPE ORGANIC GEOCHEMISTRY OF EARLY ORDOVICIAN ROCKS FROM THE ANNASCAUL FORMATION, COUNTY KERRY
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0069835openalex-snapshot
Diversity, Relationships, and Biogeography of the Lambeosaurine Dinosaurs from the European Archipelago, with Description of the New Aralosaurin Canardia garonnensis
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0079420openalex-snapshot
Tyrant Dinosaur Evolution Tracks the Rise and Fall of Late Cretaceous Oceans
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1515/acgeo-2016-0066openalex-snapshot
Palaeomagnetism of Middle Ordovician Carbonate Sequence, Vaivara Sinimäed Area, Northeast Estonia, Baltica
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1666/13053openalex-snapshot
Convergences and Trends in the Evolution of the Archosaur Pelvis
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.17161/pc.1808.14824openalex-snapshot
A trigonotarbid arachnid from the Pennsylvanian Astrasado Formation of the Kinney Brick Quarry, New Mexico
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.2113/gsrocky.48.2.101openalex-snapshot
Toward standardization of Phanerozoic stratigraphic nomenclature in New Mexico
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.3133/fs20183054openalex-snapshot
Divisions of geologic time—Major chronostratigraphic and geochronologic units
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.3133/sim3396openalex-snapshot
Geologic map of the Weldona 7.5' quadrangle, Morgan County, Colorado
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.00840openalex-snapshot
Phylogenetic Revision of Savoryellaceae and Evidence for Its Ranking as a Subclass
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.5047/eps.2013.09.013openalex-snapshot
Paleointensity determination of Late Cretaceous basalts in northwest South Korea: implications for low and stable paleofield strength in the Late Cretaceous
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.5575/geosoc.2013.0045openalex-snapshot
Whole-rock chemical composition of the pre-Neogene basement rocks and detritus garnet composition in the Okinawa-jima and neighbor islands
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.58782/flmnh.ewxq4679openalex-snapshot
The first documented fossil records of Isistius and Squatina (Chondrichthyes) from Florida, with an overview of the associated vertebrate fauna
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7803openalex-snapshot
Cranial anatomy ofAllosaurus jimmadseni, a new species from the lower part of the Morrison Formation (Upper Jurassic) of Western North America
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