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Unrecognized States in the International System

https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203834510
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inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2491944openalex-extracted
Unrecognized States: A Theory of Self Determination and Foreign Influence
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2533621openalex-extracted
Resource Dependence, Exchange and Tutelary Democracy in Unrecognized States
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2775541openalex-extracted
Agent-Based Simulation of State Collapse and Reconstruction: Analyzing the Past and Future of Somalia
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3157555openalex-extracted
Contested Territories, Liminal Polities, Performative Citizenship: A Comparative Analysis
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3367080openalex-extracted
Shoestring Diplomacy: Aspiring States and International Lobbying for Self-Determination
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1002/9781118661192.refsopenalex-snapshot
References
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1002/9781118885154.dipl0211openalex-snapshot
Paradiplomacy and Protodiplomacy
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04318-6_5openalex-snapshot
Moving Beyond Solving Conflict: Creative Non-solutions
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11795-5_154-1openalex-snapshot
Statehood Conflicts
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-48274-9_5openalex-snapshot
Neomedievalism and International Recognition: Explaining the Level of Recognition Via Networking
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-56873-3_2openalex-snapshot
Turkey in Cyprus, the Exception and the Turkish Cypriot Opposition
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-56873-3_4openalex-snapshot
Ideological Awakenings Against the “New Homeland”
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58681-2_2openalex-snapshot
Conceptual Framework
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-77954-2_154openalex-snapshot
Statehood Conflicts
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-91463-9_6openalex-snapshot
States-to-be as Foreign Policy Actors
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-09756-0_1openalex-snapshot
Introduction: Conceptualizing Paradiplomacy of Kurdistan-Iraq and Palestine
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-09756-0_13openalex-snapshot
Kurdistan-Iraq and Iran
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-09756-0_2openalex-snapshot
The Evolution of Kurdistan-Iraq’s Paradiplomacy: Causes and Constraints
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16659-4_9openalex-snapshot
Social Security of States with Limited Recognition: A Case Study of the Republic of Kosovo
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-23747-8_5openalex-snapshot
Über das Lösen von Konflikten hinausgehen: Kreative Nichtlösungen
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-65615-6_4openalex-snapshot
The WTO Legal Order and Non-Recognized Territorial Entities: Bridging Troubled Waters?
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-12036-2_8openalex-snapshot
Conclusion: The Demographics of War and Development: Issues for Policy-Makers
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56913-0_1openalex-snapshot
Introduction: Secession and Recognition in the Twenty-first Century
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56913-0_2openalex-snapshot
Making Peace with De Facto States
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56913-0_3openalex-snapshot
Unrecognized States and National Identity
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56913-0_4openalex-snapshot
Ontological Security of the Post-Soviet de Facto States
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69347-7_2openalex-snapshot
Middle Powers and Awkward Partners
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74319-6_639openalex-snapshot
Public Health in Breakaway Regions
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74336-3_639-1openalex-snapshot
Public Health in Breakaway Regions
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-26374-4_17openalex-snapshot
Die Beziehung zwischen Abchasien und Russland. Von der internationalen Isolation zur Anerkennung
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-31160-5openalex-snapshot
Re-Configurations
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-31160-5_8openalex-snapshot
The Survival of the Kurdish Chicken: Uneven Development and Nationalist Discourse in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-5905-1_1openalex-snapshot
A Decolonised World?
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-5905-1_8openalex-snapshot
Anomalies on the Map
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/s10991-016-9187-xopenalex-snapshot
Secession and Intervention in the Former Soviet Space: The Crimean Incident and Russian Interference in Its ‘Near Abroad’
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/s11135-017-0649-6openalex-snapshot
Branding and internationalization of higher education in an unrecognized state through sports: the Women Basketball Team of Near East University in Northern Cyprus
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/s12140-025-09469-9openalex-snapshot
Constrained Agency and Symbolic Power: Taiwan’s Arctic Science Diplomacy Under Geopolitical Tension
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/s41358-022-00328-0openalex-snapshot
Rebel governance: a vibrant field of research
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.exis.2022.101146openalex-snapshot
De facto statehood and natural resources: How oil resources affect the foreign relations of the Kurdish Regional Government of Iraq
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2014.10.003openalex-snapshot
Degrees of legitimacy: Ensuring internal and external support in the absence of recognition
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2023.103850openalex-snapshot
Acting like a state: Armed violence in post-war Abkhazia
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.polgeo.2017.06.011openalex-snapshot
Dynamics of state-building after war: External-internal relations in Eurasian de facto states
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.postcomstud.2012.03.004openalex-snapshot
De facto states and democracy: The case of Nagorno-Karabakh
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.postcomstud.2012.03.006openalex-snapshot
The emergence of dominant political party systems in unrecognized states
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.postcomstud.2012.03.009openalex-snapshot
Post-Soviet de facto states in search of internal and external legitimacy. Introduction.
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.postcomstud.2012.03.010openalex-snapshot
Incomplete state building – incomplete democracy? How to interpret internal political development in the post-Soviet de facto states. Conclusion.
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2016.09.007openalex-snapshot
Imagined Statehood: Wartime Rebel Governance and Post-war Subnational Identity in Sri Lanka
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1017/9781108278157openalex-snapshot
Model(ing) Justice
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1017/9781108278157.001openalex-snapshot
Preface and Acknowledgments
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1017/9781108278157.002openalex-snapshot
Introduction
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1017/9781108278157.003openalex-snapshot
Nuremberg Defines Our Time
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1017/9781108278157.004openalex-snapshot
Non-Derogation and International Criminal Law
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1017/9781108278157.005openalex-snapshot
Post-Rule of Law
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1017/9781108278157.006openalex-snapshot
When Non-Derogable Principles Meet Criminal Liability
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1017/9781108278157.007openalex-snapshot
History, Trials, and Collective Memory
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1017/9781108278157.008openalex-snapshot
Failures in Reconciliation
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1017/9781108278157.009openalex-snapshot
Conclusion
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1017/9781108278157.010openalex-snapshot
ICTY Prosecutions as of June 20181
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1017/9781108278157.011openalex-snapshot
Bibliography
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1017/9781108278157.012openalex-snapshot
Index
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1017/9781108614856.005openalex-snapshot
Determinants of State Strength and Capacity
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1017/9781108614856.007openalex-snapshot
Violence after Peace
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1017/9781108623629openalex-snapshot
The Security Arena in Africa
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1017/9781108623629.001openalex-snapshot
Introduction
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1017/9781108623629.002openalex-snapshot
Ordering the Security Arena
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1017/9781108623629.003openalex-snapshot
National and Local Histories of Security
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1017/9781108623629.004openalex-snapshot
Creating Centres and Peripheries in the National Arena
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1017/9781108623629.005openalex-snapshot
Inner and Outer Circles of the Arena
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1017/9781108623629.006openalex-snapshot
Stable Ordering and Predictable Security
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1017/9781108623629.007openalex-snapshot
Fluid Ordering and Flexible Security
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1017/9781108623629.008openalex-snapshot
Mixing Ordering Forms
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1017/9781108623629.009openalex-snapshot
Embedding into and Detaching from the Arena
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1017/9781108623629.010openalex-snapshot
Conclusion
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1017/9781108623629.011openalex-snapshot
References
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1017/9781108623629.012openalex-snapshot
Index
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1017/gov.2018.50openalex-snapshot
Ambiguities of Radicalism After Insurgents Become Rulers: Conflicting Pressures on Revolutionary State Power in Western Sahara’s Liberation Movement
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1017/gov.2019.1openalex-snapshot
Explaining the Kurdish Democratic Union Party's Self-Governance Practices in Northern Syria, 2012–18
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1017/nps.2018.26openalex-snapshot
Transnistrian Nation-Building: A Case of Effective Diversity Policies?
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1017/nps.2018.80openalex-snapshot
Dual Citizenship inDe FactoStates: Comparative Case Study of Abkhazia and Transnistria
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1017/nps.2019.34openalex-snapshot
Western Sahara as a Hybrid of a Parastate and a State-in-Exile: (Extra)territoriality and the Small Print of Sovereignty in a Context of Frozen Conflict
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1017/nps.2019.58openalex-snapshot
Introduction to Inconvenient Realities: The Emergence and Resilience of Parastates
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1017/nps.2019.59openalex-snapshot
The Durability of Parastates: Declarative Statehood in the Absence of Constitutive Sovereignty
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1017/nps.2019.69openalex-snapshot
Multiethnic Parastates and Nation-Building: The Case of the Transnistrian Imagined Community
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1017/nps.2021.23openalex-snapshot
Determinants of Individual Support for Independence: Evidence from Montenegro
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1017/nps.2022.33openalex-snapshot
Legitimizing the Separatist Cause: Nation-building in the Eurasiande factoStates
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1017/nps.2023.91openalex-snapshot
The Life after Life of the 2006 Transnistrian Sovereignty Referendum
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1017/nps.2024.26openalex-snapshot
Great Power Competition, Clientelism, and De Facto States: Transnistria and Taiwan Compared
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1017/s0010417517000196openalex-snapshot
Insurgent Rule as Sovereign Mimicry and Mutation: Governance, Kingship, and Violence in Civil Wars
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1017/s0020743814000142openalex-snapshot
COUNTERING VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN IN IRAQI KURDISTAN: STATE-BUILDING AND TRANSNATIONAL ADVOCACY
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x18000575openalex-snapshot
Oil to cash in Somaliland: a debate whose time has come
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x16000445openalex-snapshot
Public Authority Under Sovereign Encroachment: Leadership in two villages during Sri Lanka's war
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1017/s0260210518000104openalex-snapshot
The European Union’s practice of state recognition: Between norms and interests
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1017/s0260210518000578openalex-snapshot
Bottom-up change in frozen conflicts: Transnational struggles and mechanisms of recognition in Western Sahara
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1017/s0260210520000443openalex-snapshot
Why declare independence? Observing, believing, and performing the ritual
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1017/s0260210522000602openalex-snapshot
Bureaucracy and the everyday practices of contested state diplomacy: The paradigmatic case of Kosovo
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1017/s1537592719000987openalex-snapshot
State-Making Lessons For International Relations Research
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1017/s1752971913000018openalex-snapshot
Symposium‘The politics of international recognition’
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1017/s1752971919000113openalex-snapshot
The paradox of state identification:de factostates, recognition, and the (re-)production of the international
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1017/s2045381717000132openalex-snapshot
Beyond self-determination: norms contestation, constituent diplomacies and the co-production of sovereignty
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-47182-6_8openalex-snapshot
The Revised European Neighbourhood Policy and Conflicts in the South Caucasus: The EU’s Growing Conflict Transformation Role
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-60181-0_1openalex-snapshot
Introduction: Conceptualizing De Facto Statehood of Kurdistan-Iraq and Palestine
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1057/9781137347633_4openalex-snapshot
Surviving in a Difficult Context: The Quest for Development in Unrecognised States
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1057/9781137384133_9openalex-snapshot
Foreign Policy as a Constitutive Element of Statehood and Statehood Prerogative: The Case of Kosovo
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1057/9781137409997_14openalex-snapshot
Ankara, Erbil, Baghdad: Relations Fraught with Dilemmas
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1057/9781137409997_8openalex-snapshot
Democracy and Self-Determination in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1057/9781137464729_1openalex-snapshot
Gradual Processes, Ambiguous Consequences: Rethinking Recognition in International Relations
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1057/9781137464729_9openalex-snapshot
Statebuilding and the Politics of Non-Recognition
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1057/s41269-020-00166-4openalex-snapshot
International recognition, religion, and the status of Western Sahara
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1057/s41311-020-00277-xopenalex-snapshot
The Islamic “State”: sovereignty, territoriality and governance
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1057/s41311-021-00279-3openalex-snapshot
Non-state armed actors and contested sovereignties in internationalized civil wars: the case of Yemen’s civil war (2015-)
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1057/s41311-023-00465-5openalex-snapshot
The paperwork of plunder: how rebels govern illicit resources
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1057/s41311-023-00492-2openalex-snapshot
Determined diplomacy: land, law, and the strategic outreach of self-determination governments
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/00085006.2018.1520419openalex-snapshot
Portraying heroes and villains: Moldovan and Transnistrian print media during the 1992 war in the Dniester Valley
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The contemporary practice of state recognition: Kosovo, South Ossetia, Abkhazia, and their aftermath
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Unrecognized states: the struggle for sovereignty in the modern international system, by Nina Caspersen, Cambridge, Polity Press, 2012, 210 pp., £55/€66/$69.95 (hardcover), £16.99/€20.40/$24.95 (paperback), ISBN-13 978-0-7456-5342-6
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The architecture of annexation? Russia's bilateral agreements with South Ossetia and Abkhazia
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/00905992.2017.1350152openalex-snapshot
Unintended consequences of state-building and the management of diversity in post-conflict Kosovo
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/01436597.2015.1058149openalex-snapshot
Playing in the sandbox: state building in the space of non-recognition
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/01436597.2019.1619452openalex-snapshot
The development of Kurdistan’s de facto statehood: Kurdistan’s September 2017 referendum for independence
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/01436597.2025.2488494openalex-snapshot
Neo-Ottomanism, Islam and migrants: the AKP’s battle in North Cyprus
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/03050629.2014.915543openalex-snapshot
De Facto States in International Politics (1945–2011): A New Data Set
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/03906701.2019.1609751openalex-snapshot
Political opportunities and the quest for political recognition in Tibet, Taiwan, and Palestine
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/03932729.2025.2472956openalex-snapshot
Performing the (Contested) State: A Critical Discourse Analysis of Transnistria’s Political Elites
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/08865655.2021.1878925openalex-snapshot
An Anxious Border: De-facto Spectacles at the Frontier of the Republic of Abkhazia
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/09592296.2017.1347445openalex-snapshot
Great Powers, Counter Secession, and Non-Recognition: Britain and the 1983 Unilateral Declaration of Independence of the “Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus”
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/09592318.2016.1151654openalex-snapshot
The secret lives of unrecognised states: Internal dynamics, external relations, and counter-recognition strategies
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/09592318.2019.1601841openalex-snapshot
Territoriality of radical Islam: comparative analysis of jihadist groups' approach to territory
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/09592318.2025.2494815openalex-snapshot
State building terrorists’ groups: case study of Taliban
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/09662839.2014.918035openalex-snapshot
Coercive Europeanization: the EU's struggle to contain secessionism in the Balkans
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/09668136.2020.1806209openalex-snapshot
Authoritarian Diffusion, or the Geopolitics of Self-Interest? Evidence from Russia’s Patron–Client Relations with Eurasia’sDe FactoStates
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/09668136.2026.2668614openalex-snapshot
Russia, Friend or Foe? Uneasy Memories of Nineteenth-Century Deportations in Abkhazia
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/09739572.2016.1239436openalex-snapshot
Institutions and identity politics in the Armenian diaspora: the cases of Russia and Lebanon
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/10246029.2026.2683183openalex-snapshot
Western failure and Russia's rise in the central Sahel
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/10357718.2013.840557openalex-snapshot
Imagining middle powers
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/10357718.2026.2672408openalex-snapshot
Beyond recognition: the adaptive association model and postcolonial sovereignty from the Cook Islands and Niue to New Caledonia
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/1060586x.2020.1712987openalex-snapshot
Biting the hand that feeds them? Abkhazia–Russia client–patron relations
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/10758216.2016.1184982openalex-snapshot
Civil Society and Conflict Transformation in De Facto States
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/10758216.2019.1594918openalex-snapshot
Internationalist Separatism and the Political Use of “Historical Statehood” in the Unrecognized Republics of Transnistria and Donbass
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/10758216.2024.2349233openalex-snapshot
Welcomed Friend or Stranger Breaking in? Patron-Client Relations and Ontological (In)securities in Abkhazia
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/10758216.2024.2427604openalex-snapshot
Eurasia’s de Facto States after Russia’s Attack on Ukraine: Client Reactions to Patron Decline
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/13439006.2024.2329500openalex-snapshot
The Transnistria Problem and the Crisis in Ukraine: Analysis from the Perspective of the Security Dilemma Argument
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/13510347.2013.856418openalex-snapshot
Contested sovereignty as an opportunity: understanding democratic transitions in unrecognized states
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/13510347.2024.2382363openalex-snapshot
The interrelationship between sovereignty, state building, and good governance: the case of the Kurdistan region
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/13533312.2023.2236925openalex-snapshot
Fluid State-Building in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq: Taking Advantage of the 2003 U.S.-Led Invasion
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/13562576.2016.1243037openalex-snapshot
Charting informal engagement between de facto states: a quantitative analysis
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/13569775.2026.2687740openalex-snapshot
Foreign aid, moral Hazard, and clientelism: Turkish assistance and the public sector in Northern Cyprus
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/13600826.2025.2478035openalex-snapshot
Punching Above Their Diplomatic Weight: De Facto States’ Civil Society Organisations in International Affairs
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/13608746.2022.2117019openalex-snapshot
Political Participation among Natives and Immigrants: Identity and Socio-economic Status within the Turkish Cypriot Electorate
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/13621025.2024.2321713openalex-snapshot
Legal identity in a looking-glass world: documenting citizens of aspirant states
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/13621025.2024.2321716openalex-snapshot
(Non)recognition of legal identity in aspirant states: evidence from Abkhazia, South Ossetia and Transnistria
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/13629395.2025.2459557openalex-snapshot
The illusion of sovereignty in the TRNC: The AKP regime in Turkey and changing dynamics in the de facto state in Cyprus
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/14616742.2023.2195412openalex-snapshot
Neither the Global North nor the Global South: locating the post-Soviet space in/out of the Women, Peace and Security agenda
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/14650045.2018.1552944openalex-snapshot
The Politics of Flexibility: Exploring the Contested Statehood–EU Actorness Nexus in Georgia
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The European Union in Northern Cyprus: Conceptualising the Avoidance of Contested States
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The EU and Contested Statehood in its Near Abroad: Europeanisation, Actorness and State-building
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Transnistria’s European Drive: A Means to What End?
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The Geopolitics of State Recognition in a Transitional International Order
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Putting on a Show? The Sovereignty of De Facto States Between Performativity, Performance and Virtuality
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Internal Legitimacy in a De Facto State: The Case of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/14650045.2024.2329948openalex-snapshot
Russia’s Patronage Over Post-Soviet De Facto States: Protecting Compatriots or Geopolitical Interest in Transnistria?
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/14650045.2025.2586759openalex-snapshot
Mind the Conceptual Gap: Making Sense of the Geopolitical Roles of De Facto States
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/14678802.2022.2084283openalex-snapshot
Competitive statebuilding from the demand-side: counter-state services and civilian choice in Kosovo, 1989-1998
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/14683857.2012.686013openalex-snapshot
Dynamics of de facto statehood: the South Caucasian de facto states between secession and sovereignty
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/14683857.2017.1279257openalex-snapshot
Quality of democracy in unrecognized states: lessons from Northern Cyprus
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/14683857.2017.1390830openalex-snapshot
Unrecognized states as a means of coercive diplomacy? Assessing the role of Abkhazia and South Ossetia in Russia’s foreign policy in the South Caucasus
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/14683857.2023.2285233openalex-snapshot
Policy diffusion in unlikely places: between emulation and coercion in Northern Cyprus
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/14683857.2024.2387476openalex-snapshot
Abkhazia and South Ossetia in the foreign and security policy of the Russian Federation
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/14781158.2026.2715618openalex-snapshot
The Taliban’s quest for legitimacy: Fragmentation, pragmatism, and strategic engagement
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/14782804.2023.2271849openalex-snapshot
Non-recognizing the Other? Discursive deligitimation of the EAEU by the EU
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/15387216.2015.1012644openalex-snapshot
Inside the post-Soviet de facto states: a comparison of attitudes in Abkhazia, Nagorny Karabakh, South Ossetia, and Transnistria
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/15387216.2017.1418671openalex-snapshot
Political space and borderland practices in Abkhazia and Adjara: exploring the role of Ottoman legacies and contemporary Turkish influences
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/15387216.2019.1645032openalex-snapshot
All is quiet on the Russian front: ceasefires and the pursuit of legitimacy by self-proclaimed “republics” in Ukraine
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/15387216.2020.1786424openalex-snapshot
De Facto states in Eurasia
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/15387216.2022.2149585openalex-snapshot
Conflict and the changing geography of state capacity: Ukraine since 2013
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/15423166.2016.1149091openalex-snapshot
Donors and De Facto States: A Case Study of Un Peacebuilding in the Self-Declared Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/17449057.2013.864805openalex-snapshot
The Short and Brutish Life of Republika Srpska Krajina: Failure of a De Facto State
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/17449057.2017.1393210openalex-snapshot
Conceptualising Post-Soviet de facto States as Small Dependent Jurisdictions
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/17449057.2018.1495358openalex-snapshot
Regional Organizations and Secessionist Entities: Analysing Practices of the EU and the OSCE in Post-Soviet Protracted Conflict Areas
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/17449057.2018.1495359openalex-snapshot
Quest for Survival and Recognition: Insights into the Foreign Policy Endeavours of the Post-Soviet de facto States
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/17449057.2018.1495360openalex-snapshot
Recognition, Status Quo or Reintegration: Engagement with de facto States
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/17449057.2018.1495362openalex-snapshot
Introduction: A Conceptual Framework for Engagement with de facto States
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/17449057.2018.1495363openalex-snapshot
The Stigmatisation of de facto States: Disapproval and ‘Engagement without Recognition’
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/17449057.2018.1504432openalex-snapshot
Thede factoSovereignty of Unrecognised States: Towards a Classical Realist Perspective?
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/17449057.2019.1585092openalex-snapshot
Contested States as Liminal Spaces of Citizenship: Comparing Kosovo and the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/17449057.2019.1596467openalex-snapshot
Strategies to Gain International Recognition: Iraqi Kurdistan's September 2017 Referendum for Independence
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/17449057.2021.1910902openalex-snapshot
Ethnic Autonomy as a Dual-Use Technology: Successful Secession under Conditions of Civil War and Peace
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/17449057.2022.2028385openalex-snapshot
Crossing the Conflict Divide: De facto Borders, State Belonging, and the Changing Dynamics of Enemy Relations in Abkhazia
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/17449057.2022.2094067openalex-snapshot
Holding Back or Pushing Forward? Patron-Client Relations and Elite Navigations in Northern Cyprus
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/17449057.2022.2121470openalex-snapshot
Client De Facto States and Quasi-Patrons: Insights from the Relationship Between Somaliland and Ethiopia
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/17449057.2022.2124676openalex-snapshot
On Secession and the Sovereignty Game
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/17449057.2022.2124677openalex-snapshot
Secession and the Sovereignty Game
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/17449057.2025.2518819openalex-snapshot
Strategic Resource Utilisation in De Facto States: Rojava’s Journey Towards Sovereignty
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/17502977.2014.991074openalex-snapshot
Bringing the Outside In: Somaliland, Statebuilding and Dual Hybridity
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/17502977.2022.2101311openalex-snapshot
Sustaining Legitimacy of Unrecognized Statehood: How Turkish Cypriot Elites Cope with Internal and External Challenges
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/17502977.2025.2545163openalex-snapshot
How do ‘Frozen Conflicts’ over Territory Defrost? A Three-tier Analysis of Peace, War, and Status Quo Outcomes
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/19406940.2021.1947347openalex-snapshot
Sovereignty in sports: non-sovereign territories in international football
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/21599165.2014.929572openalex-snapshot
The new institutionalism in the context of Kosovo's transition: regulatory institutions in contested states
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/21599165.2015.1124092openalex-snapshot
Linkage and leverage effects on Moldova's Transnistria problem
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/21599165.2025.2540395openalex-snapshot
Micro-states and de-facto states in the context of borders and political–economic development
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/21622671.2013.842184openalex-snapshot
Land for Peace in Nagorny Karabakh? Political Geographies and Public Attitudes Inside a Contested De Facto State
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