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Navigating great power competition: a neoclassical realist view of hedging
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What this work says
Outgoing claims: the papers this work cites, builds on, or argues with.
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1007/s41111-016-0010-6openalex-snapshot
Measuring Strategic Hedging Capability of Second-Tier States Under Unipolarity
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1007/s42533-021-00089-5openalex-snapshot
Getting hedging right: a small-state perspective
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511612183openalex-snapshot
Social Theory of International Politics
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511811869openalex-snapshot
Neoclassical Realism, the State, and Foreign Policy
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1017/s0020818300035232openalex-snapshot
Chain gangs and passed bucks: predicting alliance patterns in multipolarity
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1017/s0043887100007814openalex-snapshot
Neoclassical Realism and Theories of Foreign Policy
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1080/00927678.2011.581600openalex-snapshot
America the Indispensable: Singapore's View of the United States’ Engagement in the Asia-Pacific
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1080/00927678.2019.1589664openalex-snapshot
Explaining the Duterte Administration’s Appeasement Policy on China: The Power of Fear
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1080/09512748.2012.759260openalex-snapshot
A harmonized Southeast Asia? Explanatory typologies of ASEAN countries’ strategies to the rise of China
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1080/09512748.2022.2110608openalex-snapshot
Shades of grey: riskification and hedging in the Indo-Pacific
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1080/09636412.2012.679203openalex-snapshot
System Structure and State Strategy: Adding Hedging to the Menu
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1080/09636412.2015.1103130openalex-snapshot
Reassessing Hedging: The Logic of Alignment in East Asia
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1080/10357718.2020.1856329openalex-snapshot
Structural sources of Malaysia's South China Sea policy: power uncertainties and small-state hedging
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1080/10357719808445236openalex-snapshot
Globalisation, ethnicity and the nation‐state: The case of Singapore
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1080/10670564.2015.1132714openalex-snapshot
How Do Weaker States Hedge? Unpacking ASEAN states’ alignment behavior towards China
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1080/14799855.2017.1354566openalex-snapshot
Great Power Rivalries, Domestic Politics and Southeast Asian Foreign Policy: Exploring the Linkages
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1080/14799855.2017.1354569openalex-snapshot
Tragedy of Small Power Politics: Duterte and the Shifting Sands of Philippine Foreign Policy
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1080/14799855.2017.1365489openalex-snapshot
A Nonbalancing Act: Explaining Indonesia’s Failure to Balance Against the Chinese Threat
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1080/14799855.2019.1539819openalex-snapshot
The dilemmas of regional states: How Southeast Asian states view and respond to India–China maritime competition
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1093/cjip/poy003openalex-snapshot
Opposite but Compatible Nationalisms: A Neoclassical Realist Approach to the Future of US–China Relations
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1093/fpa/oraa026openalex-snapshot
Neoclassical Realist Theories, Intervening Variables, and Paradigmatic Boundaries
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1093/ia/iiz227openalex-snapshot
Consigned to hedge: south-east Asia and America's ‘free and open Indo-Pacific’ strategy
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1093/irap/lcab003openalex-snapshot
Hedging and grand strategy in Southeast Asian foreign policy
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1093/irap/lcu005openalex-snapshot
Power, trust, and network complexity: three logics of hedging in Asian security
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1093/irap/lcz006openalex-snapshot
Hedging in South Asia: balancing economic and security interests amid Sino-Indian competition
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1093/irap/lcz007openalex-snapshot
The variable effectiveness of hedging strategies
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1093/irap/lcz010openalex-snapshot
The concept of hedging and its application to Southeast Asia: a critique and a proposal for a modified conceptual and methodological framework
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1093/irap/lcz011openalex-snapshot
Shrinking room for hedging: system-unit dynamics and behavior of smaller powers
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1093/irap/lcz017openalex-snapshot
Hedging in international relations: an introduction
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1093/isq/sqac034openalex-snapshot
Not between the Devil and the Deep Blue Sea: Singapore's Hedging
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1093/isr/vix059openalex-snapshot
The Concept of “Hedging” Revisited: The Case of Japan's Foreign Policy Strategy in East Asia's Power Shift
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1111/aspp.12368openalex-snapshot
Vietnam's Post‐Cold War Hedging Strategy: A Changing Mix of Realist and Liberal Ingredients
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1943-0787.2012.01361.xopenalex-snapshot
The China Factor in the U.S. “Reengagement” With Southeast Asia: Drivers and Limits of Converged Hedging
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1162/002081897550447openalex-snapshot
Taking Preferences Seriously: A Liberal Theory of International Politics
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1162/016228803321951090openalex-snapshot
Getting Asia Wrong: The Need for New Analytical Frameworks
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1162/0162288042879913openalex-snapshot
Unanswered Threats: A Neoclassical Realist Theory of Underbalancing
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1162/016366005774859724openalex-snapshot
Strategic hedging and the future of Asia‐pacific stability
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1162/isec.20.4.42openalex-snapshot
Interdependence, Institutions, and the Balance of Power: Britain, Germany, and World War I
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1162/isec_a_00314openalex-snapshot
U.S.-China Rivalry in Southeast Asia: Power Shift or Competitive Coexistence?
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1177/186810341703600202openalex-snapshot
Mechanisms of Vietnam's Multidirectional Foreign Policy
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1177/2057891116677350openalex-snapshot
“Firm in principles, flexible in strategy and tactics”
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1177/2057891119882769openalex-snapshot
The Duterte method: A neoclassical realist guide to understanding a small power’s foreign policy and strategic behaviour in the Asia-Pacific
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1353/apr.2019.0017openalex-snapshot
Why Do States Hedge in East Asia? An Empirical Study on Hedging
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1353/book681openalex-snapshot
The Limits of Alignment: Southeast Asia and the Great Powers since 1975
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1355/cs26-3mopenalex-snapshot
Asia‑ Pacific Security Cooperation: National Interests and Regional Order
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1355/cs27-2gopenalex-snapshot
Southeast Asia and China: Balancing or Bandwagoning?
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1355/cs30-2aopenalex-snapshot
The Essence of Hedging: Malaysia and Singapore´ s Response to a Rising China
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1355/cs35-3bopenalex-snapshot
Vietnam’s Hedging Strategy against China since Normalization
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1355/cs41-1jopenalex-snapshot
Asia's Quest for Balance: China's Rise and Balancing in the Indo-Pacific
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1355/cs42-3fopenalex-snapshot
Under Beijing’s Shadow: Southeast Asia’s China Challenge
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1355/seaa04copenalex-snapshot
Southeast Asia–China Relations: Dialectics of “Hedging” and “Counter‑Hedging”
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-8529.2018400200005openalex-snapshot
Duterte’s Pivot to China, and Prospects for Settling the South China Sea Disputes
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.2307/20050122openalex-snapshot
From Third World to First: The Singapore Story, 1965-2000
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.2307/2539149openalex-snapshot
Bandwagoning for Profit: Bringing the Revisionist State Back In
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.2307/40202321openalex-snapshot
Why Nations Realign: Foreign Policy Restructuring in the Postwar World
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315709215-14openalex-snapshot
Towards strategic partnership
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.34-5276openalex-snapshot
Useful adversaries: grand strategy, domestic mobilization, and Sino-American conflict, 1947-1958
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.36-1180openalex-snapshot
From wealth to power: the unusual origins of America's world role
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.39-5464openalex-snapshot
The tragedy of Great Power politics
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.44-1785openalex-snapshot
Unanswered threats: political constraints on the balance of power
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.46-5285openalex-snapshot
China's ascent: power, security, and the future of international politics
What points at this work
Incoming claims: where this work appears in other papers’ reference lists and arguments.
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5378256openalex-extracted
The difference that ‘strategic’ makes: separating hedging from strategic hedging
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-86901-3_4openalex-snapshot
Unraveling South Korea’s Strategic Shift amid Great Power Competition
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-04269-9_11openalex-snapshot
US-China Digital Competition in Africa: The Perspectives of IR Theories
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Prospects for a New World Order Dominated by the BRICS Bloc
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-95-5358-7_6openalex-snapshot
External Constraints and Hungary’s Hedging Strategy in an Era of Great Power Rivalry
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-7090-1_6openalex-snapshot
No Room to Hedge: The Philippines Quest for Deterrence Under Marcos Jr.
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-4020-2_7openalex-snapshot
Alignment Choices in an Era of US-China Competition: Navigating a Taiwan Contingency and Trade Relationships
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/s10368-026-00802-yopenalex-snapshot
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Institutionalized digital resilience: Controlled openness and cross-layer governance in Malaysia's response to techno-geopolitical rivalry
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1017/s1479591423000104openalex-snapshot
Deference and defiance in Malaysia's China policy: determinants of a dualistic diplomacy
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1057/s41311-026-00754-9openalex-snapshot
Hungary, Slovakia, and the Ukraine War: explaining the outliers
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1057/s41311-026-00767-4openalex-snapshot
Caught between two worlds: Turkey as a hedger
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/0030851x.2026.2713287openalex-snapshot
Beyond Hedging: A Dynamic Model of Equidistant Diplomacy in Indonesia
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/00358533.2026.2691211openalex-snapshot
Bangladesh’s hedging amidst the Sino–US rivalry
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/01436597.2025.2465514openalex-snapshot
Indonesia, nickel, and the political economy of polyalignment in the Second Cold War
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/01436597.2025.2511859openalex-snapshot
Beyond hedging: understanding India’s polyalignment in the Second Cold War
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/01436597.2026.2676304openalex-snapshot
The emergence and politics of polyalignment
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/02185377.2025.2602425openalex-snapshot
Common enemy, colliding policies: neoclassical realism’s perspective on Turkey and Iraq during the Mosul operation against ISIS
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/02634937.2026.2663850openalex-snapshot
Between autonomy and dependency: comparing hedging strategies of Central Asian states towards China
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/09512748.2025.2544878openalex-snapshot
Historical origins of Southeast Asian hedging
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/09512748.2026.2672991openalex-snapshot
The EU and its China agenda: limited cooperation under rising tensions
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Beyond non-interference? Understanding the transformation of ASEAN’s Myanmar policy since 2021
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/09662839.2024.2388638openalex-snapshot
Transactional hedging versus value-based hedging: how small frontline states balance between European integration and Russian influence
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/0967828x.2025.2469958openalex-snapshot
Southeast Asia’s multipolar future: averting a new Cold War
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/10246029.2026.2712240openalex-snapshot
Hedging in new terrain: Morocco’s strategic behaviour amid US-China competition
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/10357718.2025.2588415openalex-snapshot
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inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2025.2485385openalex-snapshot
Thailand’s BRICS move revisited
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2026.2692165openalex-snapshot
Discursive hedging under external identity polarisation: Kazakhstan’s accession to the Abraham Accords
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Beating the offside trap: case studies in hedging and multi-vectorism
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Handling the Hegemon: Permissiveness, Ideas, and Armenia's Limited Hedging in the Face of Russian Assertiveness
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Business Elites and Germany’s Economic Hedging toward China (2014–2021): A Prospect Theory Perspective
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Hedging through discursive strategies: Technological neutrality in Malaysia and Indonesia
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Hedging as Sovereignty-Driven Foreign Policy Practice: The Case of Mongolia and Singapore
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1093/jopres/xjag004openalex-snapshot
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